Analysis Of Tool Performance During Ball-End Milling Of Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6

This article presents the tool wear mechanism when machining Aluminium alloy 6061-T6 with PVD coated carbide under dry cutting condition. Cutting parameters selected were cutting speed, Vc = 115-145 m/min; feed rate fz = 0.15-0.2 mm/tooth and depth of cut, ap = 0.5-0.75 mm. The result showed the tool life of PVD TiAlN ranged from 11 to 97 min. Full factorial approach was employed to exhibit relationship between parameter input and output. From the analysis, cutting speed is the most significant factor to tool performance followed by feed rate and depth of cut. Another conclusion is that the most of failure modes occurred were notch wear and flaking near those found near depth of cut line

Prospects of tourism in Malaysia: A situational study focusing on socio-cultural and environmental aspects

Malaysia is perhaps one of the most unique countries of the world, being strategically situated on the gate-way location of global routes with a wonderful eco-environmental setting. Being a pluralistic society, it inherits its own traditional culture with harmonious integration of the diverse ethnic groups living in a very peaceful and politically stable situation. With all its economic potentials, Malaysia has recently emerged as a newly-developed nation with a huge infrastructural growth in its industrial and manufacturing sectors. Due to these developments and other eloquent features, people from abroad become largely attracted to this land and thus, they frequently arrive here as visitors and tourists. As recently as in the year 2005, it is reported that at least 16.7 million international tourists from outside visited Malaysia bringing about 30 billion ringgit in terms of foreign currency in this country (see Badruddin et.al. 2007). At present, tourism may be regarded as the largest service-oriented industry in Malaysia contributing a great economic share in the national GDP and provides employment to a bulk of the population in the country. It brings civic pride and social prestige for Malaysia by making a kind of international linkages in global context. It takes Malaysian culture abroad and people from outside can get the touch of the unique Muslim heritage in Malaysian context. Based on this positive assumption, this proposed research will generate information in regard to knowing about the present situation of tourism in Malaysian context. Side by side, it is also recognized that tourism often damages eco-environments of a particular region of the country, which are over-used by the tourists. The natural habitats are dislocated, and also there occurs enormous social impacts on local values and community culture. From that perspective the paper is designed to deal with the issue of tourism in Malaysia from both positive and negative perspectives; and thus it will generate a discourse to conceptualize a rational framework for Malaysian tourism

Effect of compatibiliser on the accelerated weathering performance of polypropylene-silica nanocomposites

The specimens prepared in this study were melt blended of neat polypropylene (PP), PP/nanosilica (2 wt%), and PP/nanosilica with 3 wt% of PP grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA). The nanocomposites were placed in the accelerated weathering test (AWT) chamber for 200 hours composed of alternating 8 hours of ultra violet (UV) exposure and 4 hours of condensation. The mechanical properties and morphology before and after exposure to AWT specimens were determined using a tensile test instrument and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Results showed that the weathered specimens with PP-g-MA compatibilizer have higher tensile strength and higher modulus of elasticity than the weathered specimens without the compatibilizer. Moreover, FESEM images showed less cracking and deformation on the fractured surface of exposed nanocomposites with PP-g-MA. It was concluded that the addition of PP-g-MA led to an increased compatibility of matrix and nanofiller, and further improved the weather resistance of nanocomposites. © 2014 W. S. Maney & Son Ltd

Prospects of tourism in Malaysia: A situational study focusing on socio-cultural and environmental aspects

Malaysia is perhaps one of the most unique countries of the world, being strategically situated on the gate-way location of global routes with a wonderful eco-environmental setting. Being a pluralistic society, it inherits its own traditional culture with harmonious integration of the diverse ethnic groups living in a very peaceful and politically stable situation. With all its economic potentials, Malaysia has recently emerged as a newly-developed nation with a huge infrastructural growth in its industrial and manufacturing sectors. Due to these developments and other eloquent features, people from abroad become largely attracted to this land and thus, they frequently arrive here as visitors and tourists. As recently as in the year 2005, it is reported that at least 16.7 million international tourists from outside visited Malaysia bringing about 30 billion ringgit in terms of foreign currency in this country (see Badruddin et.al. 2007). At present, tourism may be regarded as the largest service-oriented industry in Malaysia contributing a great economic share in the national GDP and provides employment to a bulk of the population in the country. It brings civic pride and social prestige for Malaysia by making a kind of international linkages in global context. It takes Malaysian culture abroad and people from outside can get the touch of the unique Muslim heritage in Malaysian context. Based on this positive assumption, this proposed research will generate information in regard to knowing about the present situation of tourism in Malaysian context. Side by side, it is also recognized that tourism often damages eco-environments of a particular region of the country, which are over-used by the tourists. The natural habitats are dislocated, and also there occurs enormous social impacts on local values and community culture. From that perspective the paper is designed to deal with the issue of tourism in Malaysia from both positive and negative perspectives; and thus it will generate a discourse to conceptualize a rational framework for Malaysian tourism

Multifunctional Polypropylene Core for Aerospace Sandwich Composite Panels

The sandwich composite panels, due to their highly specific mechanical properties, are widely used in many engineering fields (such as the aeronautical, railways and automotive). In this work, a numerical study is presented on the impact behavior of several sandwich composite panels configurations with polypropylene core, usually adopted for aerospace applications, with the aim to assess their mechanical properties and to make a selection of the best configurations taking into account their multifunctional characteristics. The existing limits in current aeronautical sandwich panels have been assessed and techniques/solutions able to improve (even through the utilization of micro and nano fillers) the multifunctional and structural properties have been explored. Indeed, resistance to fire and resistance to impact events have been selected as the main characteristics of interest for the presented study. Low-speed impact tests (according to the ASTM standards) on sandwich composite panels with polypropylene core have been simulated by means of the commercial FEM software "Abaqus". Low velocity impacts can switch complex damage mechanisms (such as delaminations or large indentations) in composite panels. These damage mechanisms are of major concern from a structural point of view because they can suddenly reduce the loading carrying capability without being visible in programmed visual inspections. As a result of the performed simulations, the low velocity impact induced damage, in terms of delamination and indentation, has been evaluated for several sandwich panels with varying polypropylene core material composition. The outputs have been compared providing a first estimation of the capability to resist to impact event provided by several polypropylene core configurations. The resistance to impact events have been associated to the fire resistance capability of the analyzed material core configurations proving a comprehensive insight on the multifunctional behavior of sandwich composite panels with polypropylene core