Hybrid of Boyer Moore and rule based system for mobile library book information

In this paper, a hybrid of Boyer Moore and Rule Based System are introduced for library book information on mobile application. A hybrid approach is employed as solution to replace the Digital Resource, Web based Software System and Catalogue. Quick Response (QR) Code is an improvement to replace the barcode and it can access any sensor on mobile application. The methodology of this paper is to develop Library Book Information to be more effective and by combining Boyer Moore String Matching and Rule Based System. From the phase of Boyer Moore and Rule Based System, these are greatly simplified this system by using QR Code to get data in a real time. The result in Boyer Moore and Rule Based System shows with highest priority or threshold (maximum) to minimum. It can be concluded that the hybrid of Boyer Moore and Rule Based System can effectively support the library information system

Genetic variation and heritability estimation in Jatropha curcas L. population for seed yield and vegetative traits

An evaluation of six Jatropha curcas L. accessions was carried out at the Field 10, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor. The aim of this study was to determine the seed yield and vegetative traits of the accessions, to estimate the genetic variability and heritability of the population and to study the relationships that exist among these traits. The experiment was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three blocks, six accessions per block and 16 plants per plot. Most of the vegetative and yield traits showed no significant variation among the accessions except in plant height, seed thickness, seed breadth, and total seed per accession. The heritability study showed that the broad sense heritability values ranged from 0 to 23.04%, the highest value was at plant height. This study indicated that environmental factors played an important role than the genetic factor. The correlation study showed that seed length had positive correlation with seed thickness, seed breadth and seed weight. From this study, Accession V5 and V2 showed high potential for future breeding program

Development of two high yielding mutant varieties of mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] through gamma rays irradiation

Seeds of the well-adapted and popular mustard variety BARIsarisha-11 were irradiated with gamma ray using 60Co gamma cells. Irradiated seeds were grown as M1 during 2004-05. Selection was made from M2 generation during 2005-06. Desirable mutants were confirmed in M4 generation during 2007-08 and ten true breeding mutants having higher seed yield per plant with desirable morphological characters and yield attributes were selected. Selected mutants were evaluated along with the mother variety BARIsarisha-11 to select the most desirable ones considering higher seed yield and improved yield attributes under different replicated yield trials during 2008-09 to 2010-11. Results showed that two mutants, MM-10-04 and MM-08-04 selected from 700 Gy produced higher seed yield than BARIsarisha-11 in most of the trials conducted in 13 locations of Bangladesh. Mean of three years trial showed that seed yield of MM-10-04 and MM-08-04 was 2043 and 1893 kg ha-1, respectively, which was 23% and 14% higher than BARIsarisha-11 (parental plant). Mutants MM-10-04 and MM-08-04 also had the higher number of siliquae plant-1, 1000-seed weight and oil content than BARIsarisha-11. These two mutants also showed tolerance against Alternaria blight disease and lower aphid infestation. Results of the yield trials as well as screening against Alternaria blight disease and aphid carried out across the country indicated that MM-10-04 and MM-08-04 were suitable for widespread cultivation. Consequently, the National Seed Board of Bangladesh registered MM-10-04 and MM-08-04 in 2011 as two high yielding mustard varieties, Binasarisha-7 and Binasarisha-8, respectively for commercial cultivation

Study of genetic variation of some eggplant cultivars through RAPD-PCR molecular markers and its relatedness to phomopsis blight disease reaction

Disease susceptibility and genetic variability in 10 eggplant genotypes were studied after inoculating Phomopsis vexans under confined field conditions. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess genetic variation and relationships among eggplant genotypes. The disease index of leaves ranged 0.208-13.79%, while fruit infection ranged 2.15-42.76%. Two varieties, Dohazari G and Laffa S, were found to be susceptible, 6 were moderately resistant, 1 was moderately susceptible, and BAU Begun-1 was resistant to P. vexans. Amplification of genomic DNA by using 3 RAPD primers produced 20 bands: 14 (70%) were polymorphic and 6 (30%) were monomorphic. The highest intra-variety similarity indices values were found in ISD 006, Ishurdi L, Jessore L, and BAU Begun-1 (100%), while the lowest was in Dohazari G (90%). The lowest genetic distance (0.0513) and the highest genetic identity (0.9500) were observed between the ISD 006 and Ishurdi L combinations. A comparatively higher genetic distance (0.3724) and the lowest genetic identity (0.6891) were observed between the ISD 006 and Dohazari G combinations. A dendogram was constructed based on Nei’s genetic distance, which produced 2 main clusters of the genotypes - Cluster I: ISD 006, Ishurdi L, Marich begun L, BAU Begun-1, Marich begun S, and Chega and Cluster 2: Laffa S, Dohazari G, Jessore L, and Singhnath. Genetic variation and its relationship with disease susceptibility were assessed using RAPD markers, to develop disease-resistant varieties and improve eggplant crops

Optimización de la cristalización con metanol para una separación altamente eficiente del ácido palmítico en mezclas de ácidos grasos de palma usando metodología de superficie de respuesta

The objective of the current study was to develop parameters for the separation of palmitic acid (PA) from a crude palm oil saturated fatty acid (SFAs) mixture by using the methanol crystallization method. The conditions of methanol crystallization were optimized by the response surface methodology (RSM) with the D-optimal design. The procedure of developing the solvent crystallization method was based on various different parameters. The fatty acid composition was carried out using a gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) as fatty acid methyl esters. The highest percentage of SFAs was more than 96% with the percentage yield of 87.5% under the optimal conditions of fatty acids-to-methanol ratio of 1: 20 (w/v), the crystallization temperature of -15 °C, and the crystallization time of 24 hours, respectively. The composition of separated SFAs in the solid fraction contains 96.7% of palmitic acid (C16:0) as a dominant component and 3.3% of stearic acid (C18:0). The results showed that utilizing methanol as a crystallization solvent is recommended because of its high efficiency, low cost, stability, availability, comparative ease of recovery and its ability to form needle-like crystals which have good filtering and washing characteristics.El objetivo del presente estudio fue desarrollar parámetros para la separación de ácido palmítico (PA) en mezclas de ácidos grasos saturados (SFAs) de aceites de palma crudo mediante el método de cristalización con metanol. Las condiciones de cristalización con metanol se optimizaron utilizando la metodología de superficie de respuesta (RSM) con el diseño D-Optimal. El procedimiento de desarrollo del método de cristalización con disolvente se basó en diversos parámetros diferentes. La composición de ácidos grasos se llevó a cabo por cromatografía de gases (GC-FID) como ésteres metílicos de ácidos grasos usando un detector de ionización de llama. El porcentaje más alto de SFAs fue mayor del 96% con un rendimiento porcentual de 87,5% bajo las condiciones óptimas de relación de ácidos grasos:metanol de 1:20 (p/v), una temperatura de cristalización de -15ºC y un tiempo de cristalización de 24 horas. La composición de la fracción de SFAs separada en fracción sólida contiene 96,7% de ácido palmítico (C16:0) como principal componente y 3,3% de ácido esteárico (C18:0). Los resultados mostraron recomendar metanol como disolvente de cristalización debido a su alta eficiencia, bajo coste, estabilidad, disponibilidad, facilidad comparativa de recuperación y su capacidad para formar cristales de aguja que tienen buenas características de filtración y lavado

Development and Validation of Capillary Electrophoresis Method for Simultaneous Determination of Six Pharmaceuticals in Different Food Samples Combining On-line and Off-line Sample Enrichment Techniques

A rapid and highly sensitive capillary electrophoresis method was developed combining on-line and off-line sample enrichment techniques that are capable to determine six widely used pharmaceuticals, viz. amoxicillin, carbamazepine, diclofenac, indomethacin, ibuprofen, and paracetamol from various food samples. A new sample preconcentration technique, i.e., in situ aggregated microextraction, was utilized to extract the analytes from various food samples. The process was carried out by the formation of aggregate phase in situ in the aqueous sample by ion association between oppositely charged surfactants, viz. Tiron® and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The separation and quantification of analytes were carried out in micellar electrokinetic chromatography mode at -20 kV. In short, the uncoated fused silica capillaries were filled with 80 mM phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.0) to act as leading electrolyte, and the samples were dissolved in 100 mM borate buffer and injected by electrokinetic mode applying -10 kV for 600 s. The method showed good linearity in between 0.06 and 50 µg/L for all six pharmaceuticals. Good repeatability and recoveries were obtained for all analytes in the range of 94.45–106.32% using optimized experimental conditions. The limit of detection ranged from 0.02 to 0.08 µg/L, and the limit of quantification ranged from 0.06 to 0.25 µg/L for six pharmaceuticals. The sensitivity of the developed micellar electrokinetic chromatography method was increased about 2500-folds compared to conventional capillary zone electrophoresis method. Finally, the developed analytical procedure was applied successfully for the detection of selected pharmaceuticals in fruits, urine, and river water samples

The challenges of extract, transform and load (ETL) for data integration in near real-time environment

Organization with considerable investment into data warehousing, the influx of various data types and forms require certain ways of prepping data and staging platform that support fast, efficient and volatile data to reach its targeted audiences or users of different business needs. Extract, Transform and Load (ETL) system proved to be a choice standard for managing and sustaining the movement and transactional process of the valued big data assets. However, traditional ETL system can no longer accommodate and effectively handle streaming or near real-time data and stimulating environment which demands high availability, low latency and horizontal scalability features for functionality. This paper identifies the challenges of implementing ETL system for streaming or near real-time data which needs to evolve and streamline itself with the different requirements. Current efforts and solution approaches to address the challenges are presented. The classification of ETL system challenges are prepared based on near real-time environment features and ETL stages to encourage different perspectives for future research

Integrated nutrient management in maize-legume-rice cropping pattern and its impact on soil fertility

Improved soil fertility is a precondition for increased crop production. Soil organic matter is a key factor in maintaining long-term soil fertility since it is the reservoir of metabolic energy, which drives soil biological processes involved in nutrient availability. Field experiments were conducted over three years during 2005 to 2007 at Bangladesh Agricultural University farm, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, using maize-legume-rice cropping pattern to see the effect of inorganic fertilizers along with organic manure and mungbean residue on soil properties and crop yields. For the first crop (maize), there were five treatments. After maize, seeds of mungbean and dhaincha (Sesbania) were sown as per treatments as legume crop. For rice (third crop), each of the treatments (T2 and T3 plots) were subdivided into six, so there were altogether 15 treatments. Integrated use of manure and inorganic fertilizers or Integrated Plant Nutrient System (IPNS) basis produced comparable seed yield of maize with the chemical fertilizers alone irrespective of moderate or high yield goal basis. The incorporation of Sesbania biomass and mungbean residue along with inorganic fertilizers for moderate yield goal produced identical grain yields of rice compared to fertilizers applied for high yield goal. After three years of cropping, the nutrient status of soils in control, fallow and mungbean residue removal plots showed a decreasing trend while incorporation of Sesbania biomass and mungbean residue had a positive effect on soil fertility. Therefore, addition of mungbean residues or Sesbania biomass to the fertilizer schedule ensures higher crop productivity and sustains soil fertility in maize-legume-rice cropping pattern

Cost-effective management of ufra disease of rice and identification of resistant landraces

A series of trials were undertaken to evaluate 3 nematicides, marshal 6G, diafuran 5G and pilarfuran 5G @ 1.0 kg ai/ha along with standard cheek, furadan 5G and to explore the resistant genotypes against ufra disease caused by Ditylenchus angustus in the rain-fed and irrigated ecosystems during 2001 to 2004. All the tested nematicides were effective to control the ufra disease of rice and increased yield compared to control (diseased). In respect of all seasons, marshal 6G, diafuran 5G, pilarfuran 5G increased yield by 3.35 to 5.10, 3.23 to 5.00 and 3.26 to 4.90 t/ha, respectively over the control (diseased). Yield loss due to ufra disease was 87.85% in the rain-fed rice, while it was 90.82% in the irrigated rice in artificial inoculation condition. In simple profitability analysis, marshal 6G, diafuran 5G and pilarfuran 5G showed 16.20, 15.76 and 15.58 times profitable in the rain-fed rice and 20.40, 20.11, 19.68 and 20.58 times profitable respectively, over the control (diseased) in the irrigated rice. So, the application of 3 nematicides, marshal 6G, diafuran 5G and pilarfuran 5G @ 1k ai/ha were effective in controlling ufra disease and could be used as alternative to furadan 5G. Of 40 landraces of rice tested, 5 (Daudin Da-21, Lambo Sail, Madhu Sail, Bhawalia Aman and Lal Chamara) showed highly resistant against ufra disease

Application of Ikaz and direct quadrature for solving leakage in pipeline distribution by using transmission line modelling

A new transient-based advance towards single leak detection is proposed which requires a measurement station with an end at the pipe system. The method use the frequency response and gives adequate results using low frequency bandwidth. This research apply Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) as the method denoising the noisy pressure transient signal before the signal further analyze using instantaneous frequency analysis. Therefore EMD is the way to decompose into Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) from the signal. However it is difficult to select suitable IMF. Thus the paper proposed the implementation of Integrated Kurtosis-based algorithm Z-filter technique for that allows automatic selection of relevant and appropriates IMF. This work demonstrated the synthetic pressure transient signal generates using transmission line modelling (TLM) in order to test the effectiveness of Ikaz as the autonomous selection of IMF. This paper implement the Direct Quadrature as the instantaneous frequency analysis. A straight fluid network was designed using TLM fixing with higher resistance at some point act as a leak and connecting to the pipe feature (junction, pipefitting or blockage). The analysis results using Ikaz revealed that the method can be utilized as an automatic selection of intrinsic mode function (IMF) although the noise level ratio of the signal is lower. Ikaz-kurtosis ratio is recommended and advised to be implemented as automatic selection of intrinsic mode function (IMF) through DQ analysis