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Estimated intake of dietary phyto-oestrogens in Australian women and evaluation of correlates of phyto-oestrogen intake.
The role of dietary phyto-oestrogens in health has been of continued interest and debate, but data available on the distribution of intake in the Australian diet are scarce. Therefore, we aimed to estimate phyto-oestrogen consumption in Australian women, describe the pattern of intake and identify correlates of high phyto-oestrogen intake. Study participants were 2078 control women (18-79 years) from two population-based case-control studies on gynaecological cancers (2002-2007). Dietary information was obtained using a 135-item FFQ, and the intakes of isoflavones, lignans, enterolignans and coumestans, including their individual components, were estimated using a database of phyto-oestrogen content in food developed in the UK. Median total intake (energy-adjusted) of phyto-oestrogens was 1·29 mg/d, including 611 ”g/d isoflavones, 639 ”g/d lignans, 21 ”g/d enterolignans and 8 ”g/d coumestrol. Both isoflavone and lignan intakes were strongly skewed towards higher values and positively correlated with age. Women consumed on average two servings of soyabean foods/week. Compared to lower phyto-oestrogen consumers (â€1·29 mg/d, median split), higher phyto-oestrogen consumers (>1·29 mg/d) were slightly older, less likely to be smokers, had a higher educational and physical activity level, lower BMI, lower intake of dietary fat, and higher intake of fibre, selected micronutrients and soyabean foods (all P < 0·03). The daily intake of phyto-oestrogens in Australian women with predominantly Caucasian ethnicity is approximately 1 mg; this is similar to other Western populations, but considerably lower than that among Asian women. However, those with a relatively high phyto-oestrogen diet seem to have a healthier lifestyle and a more favourable dietary profile compared to others
Correlated terahertz acoustic and electromagnetic emission in dynamically screened InGaN/GaN quantum wells
We investigate acoustic and electromagnetic emission from optically excited strained piezoelectric In0.2Ga0.8N/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs), using optical pump-probe spectroscopy, time-resolved Brillouin scattering, and THz emission spectroscopy. A direct comparison of detected acoustic signals and THz electromagnetic radiation signals demonstrates that transient strain generation in InGaN/GaN MQWs is correlated with electromagnetic THz generation, and both types of emission find their origin in ultrafast dynamical screening of the built-in piezoelectric field in the MQWs. The measured spectral intensity of the detected Brillouin signal corresponds to a maximum strain amplitude of generated acoustic pulses of 2%. This value coincides with the static lattice-mismatch-induced strain in In0.2Ga0.8N/GaN, demonstrating the total release of static strain in MQWs via impulsive THz acoustic emission. This confirms the ultrafast dynamical screening mechanism in MQWs as a highly efficient method for impulsive strain generatio
Birth weight is associated with postmenopausal breast cancer risk in Swedish women
There is some evidence that birth weight is associated with breast cancer. Whether this association differs between premenopausal and postmenopausal ages is still unclear. The results from this study suggest that higher birth weight is a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer (OR 1.06, CI 1.00-1.12, per 100 g), independent of selected early-life and adult factors
Probing the angular and polarization reconstruction of the ARIANNA detector at the South Pole
The sources of ultra-high energy (UHE) cosmic rays, which can have energies
up to 10^20 eV, remain a mystery. UHE neutrinos may provide important clues to
understanding the nature of cosmic-ray sources. ARIANNA aims to detect UHE
neutrinos via radio (Askaryan) emission from particle showers when a neutrino
interacts with ice, which is an efficient method for neutrinos with energies
between 10^16 eV and 10^20 eV. The ARIANNA radio detectors are located in
Antarctic ice just beneath the surface. Neutrino observation requires that
radio pulses propagate to the antennas at the surface with minimum distortion
by the ice and firn medium. Using the residual hole from the South Pole Ice
Core Project, radio pulses were emitted from a transmitter located up to 1.7 km
below the snow surface. By measuring these signals with an ARIANNA surface
station, the angular and polarization reconstruction abilities are quantified,
which are required to measure the direction of the neutrino. After deconvolving
the raw signals for the detector response and attenuation from propagation
through the ice, the signal pulses show no significant distortion and agree
with a reference measurement of the emitter made in an anechoic chamber.
Furthermore, the signal pulses reveal no significant birefringence for our
tested geometry of mostly vertical ice propagation. The origin of the
transmitted radio pulse was measured with an angular resolution of 0.37 degrees
indicating that the neutrino direction can be determined with good precision if
the polarization of the radio-pulse can be well determined. In the present
study we obtained a resolution of the polarization vector of 2.7 degrees.
Neither measurement show a significant offset relative to expectation
All-sky Search for High-Energy Neutrinos from Gravitational Wave Event GW170104 with the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope
Advanced LIGO detected a significant gravitational wave signal (GW170104)
originating from the coalescence of two black holes during the second
observation run on January 4, 2017. An all-sky high-energy
neutrino follow-up search has been made using data from the ANTARES neutrino
telescope, including both upgoing and downgoing events in two separate
analyses. No neutrino candidates were found within s around the GW
event time nor any time clustering of events over an extended time window of
months. The non-detection is used to constrain isotropic-equivalent
high-energy neutrino emission from GW170104 to less than
erg for a spectrum
The ANTARES Collaboration: Contributions to ICRC 2017 Part I: Neutrino astronomy (diffuse fluxes and point sources)
Papers on neutrino astronomy (diffuse fluxes and point sources, prepared for
the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2017, Busan, South Korea) by
the ANTARES Collaboratio
The ANTARES Collaboration: Contributions to ICRC 2017 Part III: Searches for dark matter and exotics, neutrino oscillations and detector calibration
Papers on the searches for dark matter and exotics, neutrino oscillations and
detector calibration, prepared for the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference
(ICRC 2017, Busan, South Korea) by the ANTARES Collaboratio
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