477 research outputs found
The Combination of Dupilumab with Other Monoclonal Antibodies
Introduction: Dupilumab is an interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor alpha antagonist indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), which could be associated with atopic and non-atopic comorbidities for which concomitant administration of targeted pharmacotherapy including monoclonal antibodies could be required. However, the safety of combining dupilumab with other monoclonal antibodies for different therapeutic indication may be debated. Methods: We conducted an extensive search in MEDLINE via PubMed for original articles published from January 1, 2017 to October 22, 2022, reporting clinical cases in whic
Program Director Opinion on the Ideal Length of Residency Training in Emergency Medicine
ObjectiveThis study sought to define expert opinion on the ideal length of training (LoT) for Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)âaccredited emergency medicine (EM) residency programs.MethodsA crossâsectional Webâbased survey was sent to program directors (PDs) at all ACGMEâaccredited EM residency programs during a study period of August to October 2014. The primary outcome of ideal LoT was determined in two ways: 1) subjects provided the ideal total LoT in months and 2) then separately selected the type and number of rotations for an ideal EM residency curriculum by month, the sum of which provided an alternative measurement of their ideal LoT. We did not include vacation time. Descriptive statistics and an analysis of variance are reported.ResultsResponse rate was 68.0% (108/159) with 72% of respondents (78/108) directing programs in the PGY 1â3 (36âmonth) format and 28% directing PGY 1â4 (48âmonth) programs. More than half of subjects (51.9%) have direct personal experience with both formats. When asked about ideal total LoT, PDs averaged 41.5 months (n = 107; SD = 5.5 months, range = 36â60 months). When asked to provide durations of individual clinical experiences for their ideal EM program, the sum total (n = 104) averaged 45.0 months. Results from a factorial analysis of variance revealed statistically significant effects of PDsâ past training experiences: participants who trained in a 36âmonth program had statistically significantly lower LoT (mean = 39.2 months) than participants who trained in a 48âmonth program (mean = 44.5 months). There was also a statistically significant effect of current program format on ideal LoT: participants who directed a 36âmonth program had statistically significantly lower LoT (mean = 39.8 months) than participants who directed a 48âmonth program (mean = 45.8 months).ConclusionsPD opinion on ideal LoT averages between 36 and 48 months, but is longer when the sum of desired clinical rotations is considered. While half of the respondents reported direct experience with both PGY 1â3 and PGY 1â4 training programs, opinions on ideal LoT through both methods corresponded strongly with the length of the program the PDs trained in and the format of the program they currently direct. PD opinions may be too biased by their own experiences to provide objective input on the ideal LoT for EM residency programs.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/133574/1/acem12968-sup-0001-DataSupplementS1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/133574/2/acem12968.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/133574/3/acem12968_am.pd
Scholarly Tracks in Emergency Medicine
Over the past decade, some residency programs in emergency medicine (EM) have implemented scholarly tracks into their curricula. The goal of the scholarly track is to identify a niche in which each trainee focuses his or her scholarly work during residency. The object of this paper is to discuss the current use, structure, and success of resident scholarly tracks. A working group of residency program leaders who had implemented scholarly tracks into their residency programs collated their approaches, implementation, and early outcomes through a survey disseminated through the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors (CORD) list-serve. At the 2009 CORD Academic Assembly, a session was held and attended by approximately 80 CORD members where the results were disseminated and discussed. The group examined the literature, discussed the successes and challenges faced during implementation and maintenance of the tracks, and developed a list of recommendations for successful incorporation of the scholarly track structure into a residency program. Our information comes from the experience at eight training programs (five 3-year and three 4-year programs), ranging from 8 to 14 residents per year. Two programs have been working with academic tracks for 8âyears. Recommendations included creating clear goals and objectives for each track, matching track topics with faculty expertise, protecting time for both faculty and residents, and providing adequate mentorship for the residents. In summary, scholarly tracks encourage the trainee to develop an academic or clinical niche within EM during residency training. The benefits include increased overall resident satisfaction, increased success at obtaining faculty and fellowship positions after residency, and increased production of scholarly work. We believe that this model will also encourage increased numbers of trainees to choose careers in academic medicine.ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2010; 17:S87âS94 © 2010 by the Society for Academic Emergency MedicinePeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/79229/1/j.1553-2712.2010.00890.x.pd
Comparison of the Standardized Video Interview and Interview Assessments of Professionalism and Interpersonal Communication Skills in Emergency Medicine
ObjectivesThe Association of American Medical Colleges Standardized Video Interview (SVI) was recently added as a component of emergency medicine (EM) residency applications to provide additional information about interpersonal communication skills (ICS) and knowledge of professionalism (PROF) behaviors. Our objective was to ascertain the correlation between the SVI and residency interviewer assessments of PROF and ICS. Secondary objectives included examination of 1) interâ and intrainstitutional assessments of ICS and PROF, 2) correlation of SVI scores with rank order list (ROL) positions, and 3) the potential influence of gender on interview day assessments.MethodsWe conducted an observational study using prospectively collected data from seven EM residency programs during 2017 and 2018 using a standardized instrument. Correlations between interview day PROF/ICS scores and the SVI were tested. A oneâway analysis of variance was used to analyze the association of SVI and ROL position. Gender differences were assessed with independentâgroups tâtests.ResultsA total of 1,264 interviewâday encounters from 773 unique applicants resulted in 4,854 interviews conducted by 151 interviewers. Both PROF and ICS demonstrated a small positive correlation with the SVI score (r = 0.16 and r = 0.17, respectively). ROL position was associated with SVI score (p < 0.001), with mean SVI scores for topâ, middleâ, and bottomâthird applicants being 20.9, 20.5, and 19.8, respectively. No group differences with gender were identified on assessments of PROF or ICS.ConclusionsInterview assessments of PROF and ICS have a small, positive correlation with SVI scores. These residency selection tools may be measuring related, but not redundant, applicant characteristics. We did not identify gender differences in interview assessments.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150548/1/aet210346_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150548/2/aet210346.pd
Spesolimab in patients with flare of generalized pustular psoriasis: A multicentre case-series
Dear Editor,Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare, potentially life-threatening, chronic inf lammatory disease character-ized by acute f lares of pustular eruptions that can be accom-panied by systemic inf lammation. GPP can be associated with chronic plaque psoriasi
Disease Severity Is Associated with Alexithymia in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that is associated with higher rates of psychological disorders, but limited evidence supported the association with alexithymia, a psychoaffective dysfunction. Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the occurrence of alexithymia in AD patients, compared to healthy subjects. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed AD severity by the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score, sleeplessness and itch by a numeric rating scale (NRS), and alexithymia by the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) score. The association between disease characteristics and alexithymia was evaluated through several logistic regression models. Results: 202 AD patients and 240 healthy subjects were included in this study. The alexithymic personality trait (TAS-20 >= 51) was more frequently observed among AD patients compared to the control group (62.4% [126/202] vs. 29.2% [70/240], p < 0.0001). In particular, alexithymia (TAS-20 score >= 61) was detected in a significantly higher number of AD patients than in the controls (27.7% [56/202] vs. 7.5% [18/240]; p < 0.0001), whereas borderline alexithymia was detected in 34.6% (70/202) of AD patients compared to 21.7% of healthy controls. Alexithymia was more common among severe AD patients (43.6%) compared to mild AD patients (15.6%) and correlated with itch intensity and sleep disturbances. Among clinical variables, ordered logistic regression analyses revealed disease severity as predictor of alexithymia. Indeed, univariate analysis showed EASI score, sleep NRS, and itch NRS being significantly associated with alexithymia, while a multivariate model identified increased EASI score values as predicting factor. Conclusion: This study described alexithymia in AD patients correlating its occurrence with clinical AD severity markers (EASI score, itch, and sleeplessness) and identifying the increase in EASI score as predicting factor. (c) 2020 S. Karger AG, Base
The Vice Chair of Education in Emergency Medicine: A Workforce Study to Establish the Role, Clarify Responsibilities, and Plan for Success
ObjectivesDespite increasing prevalence in emergency medicine (EM), the vice chair of education (VCE) role remains ambiguous with regard to associated responsibilities and expectations. This study aimed to identify training experiences of current VCEs, clarify responsibilities, review career paths, and gather data to inform a unified job description.MethodsA 40âitem, anonymous survey was electronically sent to EM VCEs. VCEs were identified through EM chairs, residency program directors, and residency coordinators through solicitation eâmails distributed through respective listservs. Quantitative data are reported as percentages with 95% confidence intervals and continuous variables as medians with interquartiles (IQRs). Openâ and axialâcoding methods were used to organize qualitative data into thematic categories.ResultsFortyâseven of 59 VCEs completed the survey (79.6% response rate); 74.4% were male and 89.3% were white. Average time in the role was 3.56 years (median = 3.0 years, IQR = 4.0 years), with 74.5% serving as inaugural VCE. Many respondents held at least one additional administrative title. Most had no defined job description (68.9%) and reported no defined metrics of success (88.6%). Almost 78% received a reduction in clinical duties, with an average reduction of 27.7% protected time effort (median = 27.2%, IQR = 22.5%). Responsibilities thematically link to faculty affairs and promotion of the departmental educational mission and scholarship.ConclusionGiven the variability in expectations observed, the authors suggest the adoption of a unified VCE job description with detailed responsibilities and performance metrics to ensure success in the role. Efforts to improve the diversity of VCEs are encouraged to better match the diversity of learners.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154254/1/aet210407_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154254/2/aet210407.pd
Comparative safety and benefit-risk profile of biologics and oral treatment for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: A network meta-analysis of clinical trial data
Background The comparative safety and benefit-risk profiles of moderate-to-severe psoriasis treatment have not been well studied. Objective To compare the short-term (12-16 weeks) and long-term (48-56 weeks) safety and benefit-risk profiles of moderate-to-severe psoriasis treatments. Methods A systematic literature review of phase II-IV randomized controlled trials of moderate-to-severe psoriasis treatments was conducted (cutoff: July 1, 2020). Any adverse events (AEs), any serious AEs, and AEs leading to treatment discontinuation were compared using Bayesian network meta-analyses (NMAs). Results Fifty-two and 7, respectively, randomized controlled trials were included in the short- and long-term NMAs, respectively. In the short-term NMA, the rates of any AEs were the lowest for tildrakizumab (posterior median: 46.0%), certolizumab (46.2%), and etanercept (49.1%). The rates of any serious AE were the lowest for certolizumab (0.8%), risankizumab (1.2%), and etanercept (1.6%). The rates of AEs leading to treatment discontinuation were the lowest for risankizumab (0.5%), tildrakizumab (1.0%), and guselkumab (1.5%). In the long-term NMA, risankizumab had the lowest rates of all 3 outcomes (67.5%, 4.4%, and 1.0%, respectively) and the most favorable benefit-risk profile. Limitations The results may not be generalizable to real-world populations. Conclusions Antiâinterleukin 23 agents were associated with low rates of safety events. Risankizumab had the most favorable benefit-risk profile in the long term
Adaptation of EPEC-EMâą Curriculum in a Residency with Asynchronous Learning
Objective: The Education in Palliative and End-of-life Care for Emergency Medicine Project (EPECâą-EM) is a comprehensive curriculum in palliative and end-of-life care for emergency providers. We assessed the adaptation of this course to an EM residency program using synchronous and asynchronous learning.Methods: Curriculum adaptation followed Kernâs standardized six-step curriculum design process. Post-graduate year (PGY) 1-4 residents were taught all EPECâą-EM cognitive domains, divided as seven synchronous and seven asynchronous modules. All synchronous modules featured large group didactic lectures and review of EPECâą-EM course materials. Asynchronous modules use only EPECâą-EM electronic course media for resident self-study. Targeted evaluation for EPECâą-EM knowledge objectives was conducted by a prospective case-control crossover study, with synchronous learning serving as the quasi-control, using validated exam tools. We compared de-identified test scores for effectiveness of learning method, using aggregate group performance means for each learning strategy.Results: Of 45 eligible residents 55% participated in a pre-test for local needs analysis, and 78% completed a post-test to measure teaching method effect. Post-test scores improved across all EPECâą-EM domains, with a mean improvement for synchronous modules of +28% (SD=9) and a mean improvement for asynchronous modules of +30% (SD=18). The aggregate mean difference between learning methods was 1.9% (95% CI -15.3, +19.0). Mean test scores of the residents who completed the post-test were: synchronous modules 77% (SD=12); asynchronous modules 83% (SD=13); all modules 80% (SD=12).Conclusion: EPECâą-EM adapted materials can improve resident knowledge of palliative medicine domains, as assessed through validated testing of course objectives. Synchronous and asynchronous learning methods appear to result in similar knowledge transfer, feasibly allowing some course content to be effectively delivered outside of large group lectures. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(5):491-498.
Erythrodermic psoriasis treated with ustekinumab: An Italian multicenter retrospective analysis
Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is one of the most severe
cutaneous conditions which may lead to serious morbidity and
even mortality. This condition is often difficult to manage and, due
to its rarity (estimated prevalence 1â2.25% of psoriatic patients)
there is a lack of high-quality medical literature examining
treatment options [1]
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