Innovation as a Factor in Sustainable Development of Russia’s Agriculture

Sustainable agriculture is an integral aspect of the sustainable development of a socio-economic system. In this regard, innovation is considered to be one of the leading factors ensuring the development of sustainable agricultural since it increases the efficiency and competitiveness of the industry in the domestic and foreign markets. This study presents a system of recursive equations characterizing the innovations occurring within agricultural organizations in the regions of the Russian Federation. Additionally, the study assesses the sustainability of agricultural development in Russia by calculating the integrated index of five components: economic, innovative, social, ecological, and institutional. Also, the authors built a regression model that estimates the influence of innovation on the sustainability of agricultural development in Russia

Morphology of the spectral resonance structure of the electromagnetic background noise in the range of 0.1?4 Hz at <i>L</I> = 5.2

International audienceContinuous observations of fluctuations of the geomagnetic field at Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory (L = 5.2) were used for a comprehensive morphological study of the spectral resonance structure (SRS) seen in the background electromagnetic noise in the frequency range of 0.1?4.0 Hz. It is shown that the occurrence rate of SRS is higher in the nighttime than in the daytime. The occurrence rate is higher in winter than in summer. The SRS frequencies and the difference between neighbouring eigenfrequencies (the frequency scale) increase towards nighttime and decrease towards daytime. Both frequency scale and occurrence rate exhibit a clear tendency to decrease from minimum to maximum of the solar activity cycle. It is found that the occurrence rate of SRS decreases when geomagnetic activity increases. The SRS is believed to be a consequence of a resonator for Alfvén waves, which is suggested to exist in the upper ionosphere. According to the theory of the ionospheric Alfvén resonator (IAR), characteristics of SRS crucially depend on electron density in the F-layer maximum, as well as on the altitudinal scale of the density decay above the maximum.We compared the SRS morphological properties with predictions of the IAR theory. The ionospheric parameters needed for calculation were obtained from the ionosphere model (IRI-95), as well as from measurements made with the ionosonde in Sodankylä. We conclude that, indeed, the main morphological properties of SRS are explained on the basis of the IAR theory. The measured parameters of SRS can be used for improving the ionospheric models

POWER TRAINING OF STUDENTS WITH THE HELP OF WEIGHT FITNESS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES

The methodology of strength training of students is presented in order to increase the level of knowledge and increase the level of knowledge and improve the level of knowledge. The article describes that physical exercise is one of the most effective means of developing physical qualities in a person. And strength training with weights is one of the best ways to in-crease the students' strengths and motivation for pursuing classes with them. Statement of the relevance of the problem of low motor activity of youth, which leads to the success of quality and a drop in health. It is noted that weight lifting exercises contribute to the positive mood of students and high interest among students, as they can observe their progress in the process of classes. The pedagogical experiment, which was conducted on the basis of the Ural Pedagogical University, is described in detail.Представлена методика силовой тренировки студентов в целях увеличения интереса и мотивации к занятиям физической культурой и повышения уровня здоровья молодежи. Статья описывает, что одним из эффективных средств развития физических качеств у человека является физические упражнения. А силовая тренировка с гирями – один из лучших способов увеличения силовых способностей студентов и мотивации к занятиям у них. Излагается актуальность проблемы низкой двигательной активности молодежи, которая приводит к снижению физических качеств и падению здоровья. Отмечено, что занятия гиревым фитнесом способствуют положительному настрою занимающихся и высоким интересом у студентов, так как они могли наблюдать свой прогресс в процессе занятий. Подробно описывается педагогический эксперимент, который проводился на базе Уральского педагогического Университета

Некоторые особенности проектирования интеллектуальных обучающих систем

Design knowledge base of intelligent tutoring systems is considered in the work. Compositional and functional circuit knowledge reasonable and presented. Application of the theory of fuzzy sets in the development of mathematical models of subject knowledge shown.В работе рассмотрено проектирование базы знаний интеллектуальной обучающей системы, а именно: обоснованы и представлены композиционная и функциональная схемы базы знаний. Приведено применение теории нечетких множеств в разработке математических моделей предметных знаний

ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ДВИЖЕНИЯ КАК СРЕДСТВО СНИЖЕНИЯ ТРАВМАТИЗМА В ФИТНЕСЕ

Aim. Nowadays, the issue of increasing the overall effectiveness of workout programs, physical training, and rehabilitation, as well as reducing the risk of injury in active people remains acute. This is due to the fact that the number of people engaged in motor activity is constantly growing every year. The use of functional movement screening is aimed at identifying potential risks of injuries and ways to reduce their number, as well as developing an individual training program that will help to ensure active lifestyle. Materials and methods. During 2018, a study was conducted with people aged from 38 to 51 years who scored less than 14 in the FMS test (58 out of 200 people). The study is based on the domestic and foreign theory of sports training. The foreign experience of using functional movement screening was also taken into account. Research methods: literature analysis, testing, pedagogical experiment, mathematical and statistical processing. The testing process itself is based on functional movement screening (FMS). Results. It was found that at the beginning of the study the average FMS score was 9.88 points out of 21 possible (which implies the risk of injury according to the study of American colleagues). After 3.5 months, a significant improvement was achieved (more than 14 points on average). In the group engaged in fitness, there was a decrease in the number of injuries. Conclusion. The study confirmed the effectiveness of the FMS testing system, as well as the use of proposed exercises. The downward trend in the risk of injuries indicates the correctly chosen strategy. The simplicity and availability of the method also indicates its feasibility for the training process with persons involved in fitness. © 20202 South Ural State University - Institute of Sport, Tourism and Service. All rights reserved

Optimization of Nanostructuring Burnishing Technological Parameters by Taguchi Method

On the basis of application of Taguchi optimization method, an approach for researching influence of nanostructuring burnishing technological parameters, considering the surface layer microhardness criterion, is developed. Optimal values of burnishing force, feed and number of tool passes for hardened steel AISI 420 hardening treatment are defined

MYOPATHY AS A DESTABILIZING FACTOR OF MEAT QUALITY FORMATION

This review paper is devoted to myopathy of slaughter animals and poultry, and examines a relationship between fast growth of muscle tissue in hybrid pigs, broiler chickens and turkey, and high frequency of detection of spontaneous or idiopathic myopathies. The development of myopathy reduces consumer and technological properties of meat, and leads to emergence of different pathological conditions (PSE or RSE meat, «destructured meat», «white» or «green» meat, punctate hemorrhage, «wooden breast» and others). Two types of myopathic conditions are examined: myopathies caused by stress in animals and nutritional myopathies, which contribution to meat quality deterioration seems to be determinative. It is shown that the basis of the mechanism of the myopathy development is the mechanism of the successive changes in muscle tissue: damage of cell membranes and release of mitochondrial calcium, which causes hypercontraction, dystrophic changes, atrophy and necrosis of muscle fibers. To alleviate the damaging effect of two types of myopathies, different substances-adaptogens (selenium, vitamin E, flavonoids and others) can be used. It is stated that the requirements of animals in adaptogens change with an increase in the indicators of their productivity.This review paper is devoted to myopathy of slaughter animals and poultry, and examines a relationship between fast growth of muscle tissue in hybrid pigs, broiler chickens and turkey, and high frequency of detection of spontaneous or idiopathic myopathies. The development of myopathy reduces consumer and technological properties of meat, and leads to emergence of different pathological conditions (PSE or RSE meat, «destructured meat», «white» or «green» meat, punctate hemorrhage, «wooden breast» and others). Two types of myopathic conditions are examined: myopathies caused by stress in animals and nutritional myopathies, which contribution to meat quality deterioration seems to be determinative. It is shown that the basis of the mechanism of the myopathy development is the mechanism of the successive changes in muscle tissue: damage of cell membranes and release of mitochondrial calcium, which causes hypercontraction, dystrophic changes, atrophy and necrosis of muscle fibers. To alleviate the damaging effect of two types of myopathies, different substances-adaptogens (selenium, vitamin E, flavonoids and others) can be used. It is stated that the requirements of animals in adaptogens change with an increase in the indicators of their productivity

Optical bistability in a GaAs based polariton diode

We report on a new type of optical nonlinearity in a polariton p-i-n microcavity. Abrupt switching between the strong and weak coupling regime is induced by controlling the electric field within the cavity. As a consequence bistable cycles are observed for low optical powers (2-3 orders of magnitude less than for Kerr induced bistability). Signatures of switching fronts propagating through the whole 300 microns x 300 microns mesa surface are evidenced.Comment: 5 pages 3 figure

Postslaughter state of muscle tissue of pigs depending on the duration of pre-slaughter fasting

Changes in the muscle tissue microstructure lead to changes in meat quality. One of the causes of the myopathy development is animal stress. Pigs experience the strongest stress during pre-slaughter holding. The study of the postmortem meat structure depending on fasting time is a topical task. The objects of the research were samples of m. L. dorsi obtained after slaughter from pigs that differed in fasting time: 4 (group 1), 8 (group 2), 10 (group 3), 16 (group 4) and 18 (group 5) hours (N = 20, n = 4). Investigation of the microstructure and morphometric measurements were carried out on preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Myopathic changes in muscle tissue were assessed using a semi-quantitative method developed earlier. All studied samples were characterized by the uniform condition of muscle tissue. Statistically significant differences between individual groups were observed regarding the number and area of giant fibers, sarcomere length, diameter of muscle fibers and proportion of muscle fibers, which diameter was lower or higher by 1/3 than the mean fiber diameter. An increase in the pre-slaughter holding time reduced the number and area of giant fibers (r = –0.8437 and –0.5796, respectively), as well as the diameter of “normal” fibers (r = –0.5337), which positively influenced pork quality. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were characterized by the presence of signs of moderate and pronounced myopathy. Only one carcass with pronounced myopathic signs was revealed in each of groups 4 and 5. In group 4, one carcass did not have signs of myopathy. Pre-slaughter holding during 4, 8 and 10 hours led to deterioration of pork quality. The recommended fasting time is 16 hours