Development of a prototype for submarine communications in shallow waters

The Telecommunications Marine Laboratory (TML) of the University of Cádiz takes part in a research project to study the intertidal sediments of the Bay of Cádiz. The collection of samples from the seabed and the transmission of data to the surface are performed by a Mini Profiler with four channels (MP4), which is supplied by UNISENSE. Each channel processes the samples collected by a single sensor. For power, control, and data transmission, a special wiring that connects the submerged subsystem with the surface subsystem is used. The tension transmitted by the cable to the MP4 structure makes its handling and positioning under water more difficult. This article explains the technological solution developed by the TML to replace some wiring from the MP4. For the prototype, two underwater acoustic modems have been used and an electronic system has been developed based on the Arduino platform, in order to multiplex, digitize, and transmit the data collected by the MP4 sensors, eliminating the need to use wiring. The submerged subsystem has an autonomous power supply by a battery.Peer Reviewe

Licensing patterns for Linked Data

Rights expression languages declare the permitted and prohibited actions to be performed on a resource. Along this work, six rights expression languages are compared, abstracting their commonalities and outlining their underlying pattern. Linked Data, which can be object of protection by the intellectual property laws or its access be restricted by an access control system, can be the asset in rights expressions. The requirements for a pattern for licensing Linked Data resources are listed

Linked Data Rights 2.0: extension of ODRL for Licensing Linked Data

Linked Data assets (RDF triples, graphs, datasets, mappings...) can be object of protection by the intellectual property law, the database law or its access or publication be restricted by other legal reasons (personal data pro- tection, security reasons, etc.). Publishing a rights expression along with the digital asset, allows the rightsholder waiving some or all of the IP and database rights (leaving the work in the public domain), permitting some operations if certain conditions are satisfied (like giving attribution to the author) or simply reminding the audience that some rights are reserved

Microstructural And Mechanical Study of The Al-20Sn (MASS%) Alloy Processed By Equal-Channel Angular Pressing By Route C

In this work, the feasibility of an Al–20Sn (mass%) alloy to improve its mechanical properties through the Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) process is presented and discussed. Al–20Sn (mass%) alloy samples with a square section of 16 × 16 mm and a length of 100 mm were subjected to the ECAP process through route C (i.e., rotation of 180 degrees between each pass). The characterization of the samples was carried out using X-ray diffraction and the sin^2(ψ) method for residual stresses. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the morphology and grain size. Vickers microhardness was carried out to analyze the homogeneity of the states of deformation and tensile testing to evaluate the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation. The results showed that the residual stresses were relatively low, confirming the effect of Sn as stress reliever. The grain size was refined to a sub-micron scale and a ribbon-like morphology was observed. The microhardness values of the severely deformed samples showed a significant increase when compared to the as-cast sample. The tensile tests showed an increase in the yield strength after the first pass, that doubled the yield strength of the as cast sample. A marginal increase in the yield strength after the fifth pass was observed; whilst the ductility remained very similar from 1 to 5 passes.In this work, the feasibility of an Al–20Sn (mass%) alloy to improve its mechanical properties through the Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) process is presented and discussed. Al–20Sn (mass%) alloy samples with a square section of 16 × 16 mm and a length of 100 mm were subjected to the ECAP process through route C (i.e., rotation of 180 degrees between each pass). The characterization of the samples was carried out using X-ray diffraction and the sin^2(ψ) method for residual stresses. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the morphology and grain size. Vickers microhardness was carried out to analyze the homogeneity of the states of deformation and tensile testing to evaluate the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation. The results showed that the residual stresses were relatively low, confirming the effect of Sn as stress reliever. The grain size was refined to a sub-micron scale and a ribbon-like morphology was observed. The microhardness values of the severely deformed samples showed a significant increase when compared to the as-cast sample. The tensile tests showed an increase in the yield strength after the first pass, that doubled the yield strength of the as cast sample. A marginal increase in the yield strength after the fifth pass was observed; whilst the ductility remained very similar from 1 to 5 passes

Stochastic and Nonlinear Dynamics in Low-Temperature Plasmas

Low-temperature (LT) plasmas have a substantial role in diverse scientific areas and modern technologies. Their stochastic and nonlinear dynamics strongly determine the efficiency and effectiveness of LT plasma-based procedures involved in applications such as etching, spectrochemical analysis, deposition of thin films on substrates, and others. Understanding and controlling complex behaviors in LT plasmas have become a serious research problem. Modeling their behavior is also a major problem. However, models based on hydrodynamic equations have proven to be useful in their study. In this chapter, we expose the use of fluid models taking into account relevant kinetic processes to describe out from equilibrium LT plasma behavior. Selected topics on the stability, stochastic, and nonlinear dynamics of LT plasmas are discussed. These include the coexistence of diffusive and wave-like particle transport and delayed feedback control of oscillatory regime with relaxation

Is there a “made in Mexico” model for innovation transfer or diffusion among farmers?

Objective: To determine the existence or absence of a model or several models for the transfer of innovations that have been developed and evaluated in Mexico. Design/methodology/approach: Using the SCOPUS® metadatabase, a search was conducted with the words innovation AND farmer AND Mexico. It resulted in 70 articles, of which only 35 met the selection criteria. Results: The articles used concepts, frames of reference, and, to a lesser degree, theories to support their research. The highest number of published cases dealt with the MasAgro technological hub model in maize and the GGAVATT model for group-oriented work in livestock. Limitations on study/implications: Using a metadata base that is not open access limits the results, since technical reports, books, and other documents that might otherwise enrich the discussion are left aside. Findings/conclusions: There is still much to be theorized in order to create new models adapted to other product systems that could promote technology transfer from the institutions of the sector and researchers to farmers

Estado de conservación de Paramuricea clavata (Risso, 1826) (Anthozoa, Alcyonacea) en las islas Chafarinas (mar Mediterráneo)

The red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata (Risso, 1826) is affected by the combined effects of environmental stress factors and diseases in the Mediterranean area. Samplings at different depths in two sites of Chafarinas Islands (South–Western Mediterranean Sea) were carried out to quantify the degree of injuries on red gorgonian colonies. The results showed that shallow colonies displayed a higher rate of injuries than deep colonies. Overall, the conservation status of the population was worse than previously considered in this area.En la zona del Mediterráneo, la gorgonia roja Paramuricea clavata (Risso, 1826) sufre los efectos combinados de factores de estrés ambiental e infecciones. Se realizaron muestras a diferentes profundidades en dos sitios de las islas Chafarinas (mar Mediterráneo sudoccidental) para cuantificar el grado de daño que presentaban las colonias. Los resultados mostraron que las colonias de aguas más superficiales presentaban una mayor tasa de daño que las colonias de aguas más profundas. En conjunto, el estado de conservación de la población era peor de lo que se había considerado previamente en esta zona