Linearization of dependence of phase incursion on a distance in case of deviation of phase characteristics of retransmitter channels

There are obtained dependences of phase incursion of retransmitting meter signal, obtained in case of deviations of retransmitter phase characteristics from nominal values. New method of compensation of deviations is supposed for the case of linear law of dependence of phase shift from distance to the controlled object, when it considerably reduces an output error. Replacement of phase shift change is considered taking into account the possibility of processing algorithm modification. It is also shown the necessity of some additions for the input phase shifter circuit

Signal delay characteristics of the measuring repeater unit operating in the Fresnel zone

A modification of the numerical technique for calculating the field and delay of the signal reflected by a flat reflector and based on the Fresnel–Kirchhoff equation of the diffraction scalar field has been proposed. The relationships taking into account the size of antennas and reflector as well as changes of the amplitude and phase characteristics of repeater channels were obtained. It was shown that the signal delay characteristics in the Fresnel zone depended on the size of reflector shifting with the signal delay variations

Linearization of dependence of phase incursion on a distance in case of deviation of phase characteristics of retransmitter channels

There are obtained dependences of phase incursion of retransmitting meter signal, obtained in case of deviations of retransmitter phase characteristics from nominal values. New method of compensation of deviations is supposed for the case of linear law of dependence of phase shift from distance to the controlled object, when it considerably reduces an output error. Replacement of phase shift change is considered taking into account the possibility of processing algorithm modification. It is also shown the necessity of some additions for the input phase shifter circuit

The phase relationships and a technique for diminishing measurement errors in multifrequency retransmitting systems

New phase relationships are derived for miltifrequency retransmitting measurers dealing with continuous unmodulated signals at different carrier frequencies. Analysis of errors of the method is performed, and a technique of their reduction, with account for asymmetry of deviations of phase increments from the linear law, is investigated. The domains of maximum error values are determined, and their relationship to the level of the spurious side component of the spectrum within the range of unambiguous measurement is examined. A new function for error approximation in the domain of maximal values is suggested

Sympathetic uveitis in children: a case report and literature review

Background: Sympathetic ophthalmia is a rare autoimmune disease that presents as a bilateral granulomatous uveitis following a traumatic event or, less commonly, uniocular surgery. Purpose: To describe immunohistological and histomorphological data of a child who developed sympathetical ophthalmia in a healthy eye after a severe penetrating corneoscleral injury with contusion component. Material and Methods: We present clinical observation data of a boy of 6.5 years who developed sympathetic ophthalmia in the left eye 1.5 months after a penetrating ocular injury caused by a tree branch resulted in a severe corneoscleral laceration in the right eye. Types of treatment and data of clinical, imaging (ultrasound scanning and spectraldomain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)), pathohistological and immunological studies were described and reviewed. Conclusion: A high index of clinical suspicion and careful monitoring of the state of not only a traumatized eye, but also the fellow eye both in the early and late period after traumatic event are vital to ensure identification of initial signs of sympathetic inflammation (photophobia and tearing) and taking prompt adequate measures for the prevention of further development of sympathetic inflammation. The use of current imaging modalities (including ultrasound scanning and especially SD-OCT of the retina and optic nerve) enables early documentation of the initial signs of sympathetic inflammation. Further research is warranted to develop the targeted treatment methods that would take into account the components of the immunopathogenesi

Selective Mediator dependence of cell-type-specifying transcription

The Mediator complex directs signals from DNA-binding transcription factors to RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Despite this pivotal position, mechanistic understanding of Mediator in human cells remains incomplete. Here we quantified Mediator-controlled Pol II kinetics by coupling rapid subunit degradation with orthogonal experimental readouts. In agreement with a model of condensate-driven transcription initiation, large clusters of hypophosphorylated Pol II rapidly disassembled upon Mediator degradation. This was accompanied by a selective and pronounced disruption of cell-type-specifying transcriptional circuits, whose constituent genes featured exceptionally high rates of Pol II turnover. Notably, the transcriptional output of most other genes was largely unaffected by acute Mediator ablation. Maintenance of transcriptional activity at these genes was linked to an unexpected CDK9-dependent compensatory feedback loop that elevated Pol II pause release rates across the genome. Collectively, our work positions human Mediator as a globally acting coactivator that selectively safeguards the functionality of cell-type-specifying transcriptional networks