Integrated coastal management for sustainable development

This paper examines how the coastal areas are highly productive rich in biodiversity and support intense economic and social activities. Indian subcontinent has a vast coastline extending 8129 km with enormous potential for development. These coastal areas are often the sites of wealthiest settlements and the most dynamic growth centres and as a consequence rapid development has taken place utilising the vast resources sustaining the life of coastal villages and the 'fishermen, besides economic gains for the country as a whol

Investigation on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Aluminium-Tin Based Plain Bearing Material

The purpose of this study is to investigate the Mechanical and Tribological properties of plain bearing alloys used especially in internal combustion engines. The mechanical properties namely Tensile strength and Hardness were investigated according to standard procedure. The sliding friction and wear properties of aluminium-tin alloy against high carbon high chromium steel were investigated at different normal loads as (29.43 N, 33.35 N and 36.25 N). Tests were carried in oil lubricated conditions with a sliding speed of 1 m/s. Prior to experimentation, the circulating engine oil 20w40 was heated to temperature of 800C using heater. The frictional behavior and wear property of aluminium-tin alloy were studied by means of pin-on-disk tribometer. The weight loss of the specimen was measured and wear and friction characteristics were calculated with respect to time, depth of wear track, sliding speed and bearing load. To determine the wear mechanism, the worn surfaces of the samples were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The optimum wear reduction was obtained at different normal loads and at same sliding speed

Role of Self Help Groups in Enhancement of Livelihoods of fishermen – A case study of Kakinada Harbour of Andhra Pradesh

Women constitute approximately half of the India's population and play a vital role in building our Nation. Women play a crucial role in Marine fisheries and aquaculture, specifically in the small-scale and artisanal fisheries sector. It is estimated that there are about 5.4 million people fully engaged in fisheries activities, out of which, 3.90 million are fishermen and 1.50 million are fisherwomen. The livelihoods of fishermen are often marked by economic uncertainty, vulnerability to natural factors, and exploitation by middlemen. However, concerted efforts have been made to enhance their living conditions and promote sustainable fishing practices. The primary data is collected from sample of 200 Self Help Groups fisherwomen in the Kakinada harbour of Andhra Pradesh. In the study area 83 per cent are of the sample respondents are living in pucca houses. 47.5 percent of the respondents joined in SHG to avail loan by becoming the member. 50.5 per cent of total respondents belong to 21-40 age group. 33 per cent of the respondents are having primary education, 17.5 per cent are having secondary education and 7 per cent are having higher education. 18 per cent of the sample respondents are spent their SHG loan amount on purchase of home appliances & gold, and 16.5 per cent respondents are spent on children’s education. The perception of the respondents on the impact of SHGs shows that there is a positive correlation between years of membership and impact of SHG in improvement of livelihoods of fishermen

Clustering On Large Numeric Data Sets Using Hierarchical Approach: Birch

The paper is about the clustering on large numeric data sets using hierarchical method In this BIRCH approach is used to reduce the amount of data for this a hierarchical clustering method was applied to pre-process the dataset Now a day s web information plays a prominent role in the web technology large amount of data is consumed to communicate but some with intruders there is loss of data or may changes occur in the interaction so to recognize intruders they detect to build an intrusion detection system for this a hierarchical approach is used to classify network traffic data accurately Hierarchical clustering is performed By taking network as an example The clustering method could produce high quality dataset with far less instances that sufficiently represent all of the instances in the original datase

Anatomical study on sciatic nerve variations in Andhra Pradesh, India

Background: The sciatic nerve is the largest and widest nerve in the body and is derived from ventral rami of spinal nerves L2 to S3. Sciatic nerve appears in the Gluteal region below Piriformis from Pelvic cavity by passing through Greater Sciatic foramen. In between the Ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter of Femur, it reaches the back of the thigh. At the superior angle of Popliteal fossa, it divides into Tibial and common Peroneal (fibular) nerves. The division varies, and it may occur within the pelvis, Gluteal, upper, mid and lower part of thigh. The anatomical variations of the level at which the Sciatic nerve divides is considered important by Neurosurgeons, Anaesthetists, Orthopaedicians and Surgeons.Methods: This study was conducted on 52 lower limbs to determine the level of sciatic nerve bifurcation and its variations on 26 embalmed human cadavers. The data was analyzed manually using numbers, frequencies and percentages.Results: The findings of this study states that in 2 limbs (3.84%) the nerve divided in the gluteal region; in 4 limbs (7.69%) in the pelvic region; in 10 limbs (19.23%) at the junction between upper and middle thigh. The highest incidence of division occurs in 36 limbs (69.23%) at the superior angle of the popliteal fossa.Conclusions: The findings of this study revealed that the majority of sciatic nerve divisions occur   at the superior angle of popliteal fossa while some divided into other regions such as Pelvis, Gluteal and thigh regions

A Study on Income and Expenditure Pattern of Fishermen During Fishing Holiday Period in Kakinada Harbour, Andhra Pradesh

India is the second leading fish producing country in the world accounting for 7.56 per cent of global production. Fisheries sector plays an important role in the Indian economy through contributing national income, employment creation; promote exports, provides food and nutritional security. Andhra Pradesh has favorable agro-climatic conditions for the growth of fisheries and aquaculture sector. The State is contributing about 29.7% of national fish production and is a major exporter of shrimp in India with share of 40.4% in total value of sea food exports of the country during 2019-20. The sector is providing employment to nearly 26.5 lakhs. Andhra Pradesh has 26 coastal districts. The present study analyzing the socio-economic status of fishermen and various problems encountered by the fishermen during fishing holiday period in the study area. To analyze the income and expenditure pattern and asset structure of fisher households. This study is confined to Kakinada Harbour Area. A major proportion of the sample respondents were joined in fishing due to poverty i.e. 45 per cent, a higher proportion of the respondents (67%) are living in nuclear family, Major proportion of respondents had 11-20 years of fishing experience (42%), followed by 21-30 years (24%), 1-10 years (17%) and more than 30 years (16%), 97 per cent of respondents are living in the pucca and semi-pucca house

EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF VILAZODONE HYDROCHLORIDE WITH 5-FLUOROURACIL IN HT-29 BOWEL CANCER CELL LINE

Objectives: Vilazodone hydrochloride is a novel selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat major depressive disorders. There are only sparse data available to know about the SSRI’s and its association with colon cancer. This study aims to evaluate and compare the in vitro cytotoxic effect of vilazodone with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in HT-29 cell line. Methods: Cell viability was tested by the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay (Mosmann, 1983). Test sample and standard drug in variable concentrations were added to the HT-29 cell lines for incubation over 24 h under ideal conditions. After washing the test and standard drug sample from the well with saline, MTT was added and incubated for 4 h. Dimethyl sulfoxide of 1 ml was added in all wells after incubation with MTT. The absorbance at 570 nm was measured with an ultraviolet - spectrophotometer. Results: The values were tabulated, and the graph was plotted to find the IC-50 value (inhibitory concentration at 50%) which was struck at 28.5 μg/ml and12. 8 μg/ml for vilazodone hydrochloride and 5-FU, respectively. Conclusion: The results show that vilazodone hydrochloride has good anticancer property comparable with 5-FU, which would probably play a role as a cytotoxic agent in tumor cells. The proposed mechanism of action could be by activation of caspase-3 enzyme, thereby increasing apoptosis and indicates its use in coexisting depression and colon carcinoma. Other mechanism includes suppression of oncogene p53, which can be confirmed by future studies

Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) for sustainable development

This paper examines how the coastal areas are highly productive rich in biodiversity and support intense economic and social activities. Indian subcontine~t has a vast coastline extending 8129 km with enormous potential for development. These coastal areas are often the sites of wealthiest settlements and the most dynamic growth centres and as a consequence rapid development has taken place utili sing the vast resources sustaining the life of coastal villages and the 'fishermen, besides economic gains for the country as a whole. Over the years, due to diversified activities and human interference, intense deterioration ofsuch areas has taken place leading to several intra and inter-sectoral conflicts. In order to protect the resources and ,promote coastal area development Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) plan has been drawn by the Government of India for its effective implementation. However, the ICM plans have not been fully operational due to various reasons. Therefore, the present paper communicates some of the major issues involved in the ICM plans which can be thought of for their effective and immediate implementatio