27 research outputs found
Multiplexed Frequency Spectrum Analyzer Instrumentation for the Characterization of Multiple QCM-Based Biosensors
In this contribution, we present novel multiplexed frequency spectrum analyzer instrumentation to extract operational parameters and completely characterize the frequency response of an array of quartz_crystal microbalance sensors. The effectiveness of the proposed instrumentation is proven by experimental measurements over a range of frequencies. © 2007 IEEE
Meta-orbital Transition in Heavy-fermion Systems: Analysis by Dynamical Mean Field Theory and Self-consistent Renormalization Theory of Orbital Fluctuations
We investigate a two-orbital Anderson lattice model with Ising orbital
intersite exchange interactions by means of dynamical mean field theory
combined with the static mean field approximation of the intersite orbital
interactions. Focusing on Ce-based heavy-fermion compounds, we examine the
orbital crossover between the two orbital states, when the total f-electron
number per site n_f is n_f ~ 1. We show that a "meta-orbital" transition, at
which the occupancy of the two orbitals changes steeply, occurs when the
hybridization between the ground-state f-electron orbital and conduction
electrons are smaller than that between the excited f-electron orbital and
conduction electrons. Near the meta-orbital critical end point, the orbital
fluctuations are enhanced, and couple with the charge fluctuations. A critical
theory of the meta-orbital fluctuations is also developed by applying the
self-consistent renormalization theory of itinerant electron magnetism to the
orbital fluctuations. The critical end point, first-order transition and
crossover are described within Gaussian approximations of orbital fluctuations.
We discuss the relevance of our results to CeAl2, CeCu2Si2, CeCu2Ge2 and the
related compounds, which all have low-lying crystalline-electric-field excited
states.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 79, (2010) 11471
Calorimetric and transport investigations of CePd_{2+x}Ge_{2-x} (x=0 and 0.02) up to 22 GPa
The influence of pressure on the magnetically ordered CePd_{2.02}Ge_{1.98}
has been investigated by a combined measurement of electrical resistivity,
, and ac-calorimetry, C(T), for temperatures in the range 0.3 K<T<10 K
and pressures, p, up to 22 GPa. Simultaneously CePd_2Ge_2 has been examined by
down to 40 mK. In CePd_{2.02}Ge_{1.98} and CePd_2Ge_2 the magnetic
order is suppressed at a critical pressure p_c=11.0 GPa and p_c=13.8 GPa,
respectively. In the case of CePd_{2.02}Ge_{1.98} not only the temperature
coefficient of , A, indicates the loss of magnetic order but also the
ac-signal recorded at low temperature. The residual
resistivity is extremely pressure sensitive and passes through a maximum and
then a minimum in the vicinity of p_c. The (T,p) phase diagram and the
A(p)-dependence of both compounds can be qualitatively understood in terms of a
pressure-tuned competition between magnetic order and the Kondo effect
according to the Doniach picture. The temperature-volume (T,V) phase diagram of
CePd_2Ge_2 combined with that of CePd_2Si_2 shows that in stoichiometric
compounds mainly the change of interatomic distances influences the exchange
interaction. It will be argued that in contrast to this the much lower
p_c-value of CePd_{2.02}Ge_{1.98} is caused by an enhanced hybridization
between 4f and conduction electrons.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
Signatures of valence fluctuations in CeCu2Si2 under high pressure
Simultaneous resistivity and a.c.-specific heat measurements have been
performed under pressure on single crystalline CeCu2Si2 to over 6 GPa in a
hydrostatic helium pressure medium. A series of anomalies were observed around
the pressure coinciding with a maximum in the superconducting critical
temperature, . These anomalies can be linked with an abrupt change
of the Ce valence, and suggest a second quantum critical point at a pressure
GPa, where critical valence fluctuations provide the
superconducting pairing mechanism, as opposed to spin fluctuations at ambient
pressure. Such a valence instability, and associated superconductivity, is
predicted by an extended Anderson lattice model with Coulomb repulsion between
the conduction and f-electrons. We explain the T-linear resistivity found at
in this picture, while other anomalies found around can be
qualitatively understood using the same model.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Unconventional Superconductivity in Heavy Fermion Systems
We review the studies on the emergent phases of superconductvity and
magnetism in the -electron derived heavy-fermion (HF) systems by means of
the nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) under pressure. These studies have
unraveled a rich variety of the phenomena in the ground state of HF systems. In
this article, we highlight the novel phase diagrams of magnetism and
unconventional superconductivity (SC) in CeCuSi, HF antiferromagnets
CeRhIn, and CeIn. A new light is shed on the difference and common
features on the interplay between magnetism and SC on the magnetic criticality.Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. JPN, 74, No.1
(2005), special issue "Kondo Effect- 40 Years after the Discovery
Mass Enhancement in an Intermediate-Valent Regime of Heavy-Fermion Systems
We study the mechanism of the mass enhancement in an intermediate-valent
regime of heavy-fermion materials. We find that the crossovers between the
Kondo, intermediate valent, and almost empty f-electron regimes become sharp
with the Coulomb interaction between the conduction and f electrons. In the
intermediate-valent regime, we find a substantial mass enhancement, which is
not expected in previous theories. Our theory may be relevant to the observed
nonmonotonic variation in the effective mass under pressure in CeCu2Si2 and the
mass enhancement in the intermediate-valent compounds alpha-YbAlB4 and
beta-YbAlB4.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Gutzwiller Method for an Extended Periodic Anderson Model with the c-f Coulomb Interaction
We study an extended periodic Anderson model with the Coulomb interaction Ucf
between conduction and f electrons by the Gutzwiller method. The crossovers
between the Kondo, intermediate-valence, and almost empty f-electron regimes
become sharper with Ucf, and for a sufficiently large Ucf, become first-order
phase transitions. In the Kondo regime, a large enhancement in the effective
mass occurs as in the ordinary periodic Anderson model without Ucf. In
addition, we find that a large mass enhancement also occurs in the
intermediate-valence regime by the effect of Ucf.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
Multiband Superconductivity in Heavy Fermion Compound CePt3Si without Inversion Symmetry: An NMR Study on a High-Quality Single Crystal
We report on novel superconducting characteristics of the heavy fermion (HF)
superconductor CePt3Si without inversion symmetry through 195Pt-NMR study on a
single crystal with T_c= 0.46 K that is lower than T_c= 0.75 K for
polycrystals. We show that the intrinsic superconducting characteristics
inherent to CePt3Si can be understood in terms of the unconventional
strong-coupling state with a line-node gap below T_c= 0.46 K. The mystery about
the sample dependence of T_c is explained by the fact that more or less
polycrystals and single crystals inevitably contain some disordered domains,
which exhibit a conventional BCS s-wave superconductivity (SC) below 0.8 K. In
contrast, the Neel temperature T_N= 2.2 K is present regardless of the quality
of samples, revealing that the Fermi surface responsible for SC differ from
that for the antiferromagnetic order. These unusual characteristics of CePt3Si
can be also described by a multiband model; in the homogeneous domains, the
coherent HF bands are responsible for the unconventional SC, whereas in the
disordered domains the conduction bands existing commonly in LaPt3Si may be
responsible for the conventional s-wave SC. We remark that some impurity
scatterings in the disordered domains break up the 4f-electrons-derived
coherent bands but not others. In this context, the small peak in 1/T_1 just
below T_c reported in the previous paper (Yogi et al, 2004) is not due to a
two-component order parameter composed of spin-singlet and spin-triplet Cooper
pairing states, but due to the contamination of the disorder domains which are
in the s-wave SC state.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.,
vol.78, No.1 (2009