5 research outputs found
COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) stimulated the development of highly effective vaccines that were produced with unprecedented speed with the use of new technologies. All the newly developed vaccines are highly effective with minimal adverse effects. Clinical introduction of the AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine has raised public alarm regarding the rare, but serious thrombotic events, known as vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). VITT is characterized clinical and laboratory syndromes like: venous (acute cerebral sinus venous thrombosis and abdominal vein thrombosis) or arterial thrombosis; mild-to-severe thrombocytopenia; positive antiplatelet factor 4 (PF4)-polyanion antibodies or anti-PF4βheparin antibodies detected by ELISA; occurring 5β30 days after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) or Ad26. COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson/Janssen) vaccination and elevated D-dimer. From a pathophysiological point of view, VITT is an autoimmune disease characterized by the development of antibodies that directly activate platelets, causing thrombosis in the arterial or venous systems of the body. At the same time, the components of the vaccine serve as an antigen for the formation of autoantibodies, which enhance the production of platelet factor PF4, which contributes to the formation of blood clots. It has established that intravenous use of immunoglobulin at a dose of 1 g/kg of the patient's body weight per day, in addition to neutralizing antibodies, makes it possible to suppress VITT-mediated platelet activation. Fondaparinux, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), danaparoid or argatroban are the main anticoagulant drugs effective in the treatment of thrombotic conditions in VITT
COVID-19-Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) stimulated the development of highly effective vaccines that were produced with unprecedented speed with the use of new technologies. All the newly developed vaccines are highly effective with minimal adverse effects. Clinical introduction of the AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine has raised public alarm regarding the rare, but serious thrombotic events, known as vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). VITT is characterized clinical and laboratory syndromes like: venous (acute cerebral sinus venous thrombosis and abdominal vein thrombosis) or arterial thrombosis; mild-to-severe thrombocytopenia; positive antiplatelet factor 4 (PF4)-polyanion antibodies or anti-PF4βheparin antibodies detected by ELISA; occurring 5β30 days after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) or Ad26. COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson/Janssen) vaccination and elevated D-dimer. From a pathophysiological point of view, VITT is an autoimmune disease characterized by the development of antibodies that directly activate platelets, causing thrombosis in the arterial or venous systems of the body. At the same time, the components of the vaccine serve as an antigen for the formation of autoantibodies, which enhance the production of platelet factor PF4, which contributes to the formation of blood clots. It has established that intravenous use of immunoglobulin at a dose of 1 g/kg of the patientβs body weight per day, in addition to neutralizing antibodies, makes it possible to suppress VITT-mediated platelet activation. Fondaparinux, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), danaparoid or argatroban are the main anticoagulant drugs effective in the treatment of thrombotic conditions in VITT.ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ COVID-19, ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Ρ Ρ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Ρ AstraZeneca Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ β Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠΠ’Π’). ΠΠΠ’Π’ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ²: Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
(ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ Π°Π±Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅Π½Π°Ρ
) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ²; ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² < 150 Γ 10βΉ/L; ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π» ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ 4 (PF4) ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°; ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 5β30 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ 5β42 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π’ΠΠ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π’ΠΠΠ) ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² COVID-19 Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson/Janssen); ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π-Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° (>4000 Π€ΠΠΠ). Π‘ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ’Π’ β Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π», ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π² Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π» ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° PF4, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ². Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π΅ 1 Π³/ΠΊΠ³ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π² Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π», ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΠΠ’Π’-ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ². Π€ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΡ, ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ (ΠΠΠΠ), Π΄Π°Π½Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΡΠ³Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ±Π°Π½ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ°Π³ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠΠ’Π’
ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²: ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Introduction. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major public health issue that is frequently underestimated. The primary objective of this multicenter study was to identify patients at risk for VTE, and to define the rate of patients receiving appropriate prophylaxis in the regions of Kazakhstan.Materials and methods. Standardized case report forms were filled by trained medical doctors on one predefined day in selected hospitals. Data were analyzed by independent biostatistician. Risk of VTE was categorized according to Caprini score which was recommended by 2004 American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines.Results. 432 patients from 4 regions of Kazakhstan; 169 (39.10%) medical patients and 263 (60.9%) surgical patients were eligible for the study. Patients were at low (10%), moderate (19.2%), high (33.6%) and very high risk (37.3%) for VTE. The main risk factors (RF) of VTE among hospitalized patients were heart failure (HF), obesity, prolonged bed rest, and the presence of acute non-infective inflammation. From total number of hospitalized patients with RF with indications to VTE prophylaxis, 58.1% of patients received pharmacological prophylaxis and only 24.6% of them received VTE prophylaxis according ACCP. On the other hand, 23.5% patients with the risk of VTE but who were not eligible for it received pharmacological prophylaxis.Conclusion. These results indicate the existence of inconsistency between eligibility for VTE prophylaxis on one hand and its application in practice (p < 0.001). Risk factors for VTE and eligibility for VTE prophylaxis are common, but VTE prophylaxis and guidelines application are low.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ β Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π° Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅Π½ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ’Π ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ².ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ Π² Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
. Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠ’Π ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌ ACCP-2004 ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π΅ Caprini Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ 432 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈΠ· 4 ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΠ°Π·Π°Ρ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Π°, ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
169 (39,1%) β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΈ 263 (60,9%) β Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ (90%) ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠ’Π ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (10%), ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (19,2%), Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (33,6%) ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° (19,2%) ΠΠ’Π. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π€Π ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ’Π Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ· ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π€Π , ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°, 58,1% ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ. ΠΠ· ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° 24,6% ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΠ’Π ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΠ‘Π‘Π Π² ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ², Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² 23,5% ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΠ’Π ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Ρ. Π΅. ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ (Ρ < 0,001)
2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European respiratory society (ERS)
Guidelines summarize and evaluate available evidence with the aim of assisting health professionals in proposing the best management strategies for an individual patient with a given condition. Guidelines and their recommendations should facilitate decision making of health professionals in their daily practice. However, the final decisions concerning an individual patient must be made by the responsible health professional(s) in consultation with the patient and caregiver as appropriate