Interdependence between Epizootic Activity of Natural Foci of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) and Epidemiological Situation in the Ulyanovsk Region

Based on the results of retrospective analysis of HFRS morbidity and epizootiological data on the numbers and contamination of mouse-like rodents, revealed has been epidemic potential shift of the HFRS foci. It requires reconsideration of the scope, format, and objectives of preventive and anti-epidemic activities. Periodicity of fluctuations in the numbers of small mammals, habitant in the territory of the Ulyanovsk Region, makes up three years on average. Since 2011 up to 2013 generalized depression in the abundance rates was observed. The period was marked by the reduction of the segment of main Hantavirus carrier - common red-backed vole. It was the key factor for epidemic process activity decrease, which in its turn resulted in the decrease of morbidity rates among the population. Therewith, the transformations that affect the population of mouse-like rodents are the determinative factors in the evolution of epidemic process which shapes epidemiological situation on HFRS in the territory of the constituent entity

Typing of Uncultured Isolates of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> and <i>Coxiella</i>-Like Microorganisms Associated with Ticks Using <i>16S</i> rRNA Gene Nucleotide Sequence Analysis

The causative agent of Q fever, the intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii, is found almost worldwide; many types of blood-sucking ticks that are dangerous to animals and humans are involved in the circulation of the pathogen. Using molecular-genetic methods, closely related species of microorganisms of the genus Coxiella sp. have been discovered, some of which are endo-symbionts of ticks, and some can survive in the human body, causing an infectious process. The existence of species whose genes are similar in nucleotide sequence to those of C. burnetii makes it difficult to diagnose the pathogen in arthropod vectors. The aim of this work was to consider the use of PCR and sequencing of an extended 16S rRNA gene fragment for molecular diagnostics and differentiation of C. burnetii from Coxiella-like microorganisms. Materials and methods. Individual samples of blood-sucking ticks were examined to detect bacteria of the genus Coxiella sp. applying standard PCR. For positive samples, an extended fragment of the 16S rRNA gene was obtained and examined by sequencing and multiple alignment with homologous sequences. Results and discussion. Of the 96 examined ticks collected in the Ulyanovsk Region, one was positive for the presence of C. burnetii DNA and one – for the presence of Coxiella sp. The greatest similarity for the C. burnetii isolate was noted in comparison with Western European strains, for the Coxiella-like microorganism - with closely related bacteria from ticks of the same species. Unique polymorphisms for the detected microorganisms were identified. It has been established that genus-specific primers to the 16S rRNA gene fragment are able to amplify not only bacteria of the genus Coxiella sp., but also genetically distant species. Analysis of the sequence of the extended 16S rRNA gene fragment makes it possible to differentiate C. burnetii from Coxiella-like microorganisms; some gene polymorphisms appear to have arisen through microevolution in different geographic regions. In the European part of the Russian Federation, Coxiella-like bacteria have been uncovered for the first time

Real-time multiplex PCR method for detection of A. veronii A. caviae A. salmonicida

As a result of the experiments, the parameters for setting up a polymerase chain reaction were developed for the accelerated identification of Aeromonas spp. The design of species-specific primers was performed, the reaction parameters were selected, the specificity was checked, and the optimal amplification time was selected. As a result of this study, a multiplex real-time PCR test system was developed for the simultaneous detection of A. salmonicida, A. caviae and A. veronii. The sensitivity of the developed protocol was 5.56 pg/µl. The data obtained will allow for accelerated screening of these pathogens

К вопросу диагностики внутриутробного листериоза

 Intrauterine infections are one of the most pressing health problems. A feature of listeria infection is the possibility of penetration of the pathogen  through the placental barrier with the development of severe systemic  lesions and negative perinatal outcomes.Purpose: To describe the nonspecific morphological manifestations of listeria infection in the early stages of the disease in postnatal fetal death.Morphological confirmation of listeriosis is multiple productive-necrotic granulomas (listeriomas) with the presence of listeria in them in the form of straight, short, sometimes ovoid rods, located singly or in groups, identified by Gram-Weigert staining.  Внутриутробные инфекции (ВУИ) являются одной из острейших проблем здравоохранения. Особенностью листериозной инфекции является возможность проникновения возбудителя через плацентарный барьер с развитием тяжелых системных поражений и негативных перинатальных исходов.Цель: Описать неспецифические морфологические проявления листериозной инфекции на ранних этапах заболевания при постнатальной гибели плода.Морфологическим подтверждением листериоза являются множественные продуктивно-некротические гранулёмы (листериомы) с наличием в них листерий в виде прямых, коротких, иногда овоидных палочек, расположенных одиночно или группами, выявленных при окраске по Грамм-Вейгерту.

Study of the sensitivity of bacteria of the species Pseudomonas stutzeri and their associates to various inhibitors

Currently, the development of methods for isolation, indication and identification of Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria from environmental objects and pathological material is an urgent problem. At the same time, there are no data in the scientific literature on the sensitivity of Ps.stutzeri bacteria to various inhibitors, which are necessary for the development of a selective and differential nutrient medium for them. The article presents the results of studying the sensitivity of Ps. stutzeri and their associates to inhibitors such as sodium benzoate, SDS, nalidixic acid, potassium tellurite and sodium azide, which will be used to develop a selective and differential culture medium for Ps.stutzeri bacteria

Real-time multiplex PCR method for detection of

As a result of the experiments, the parameters for setting up a polymerase chain reaction were developed for the accelerated identification of Aeromonas spp. The design of species-specific primers was performed, the reaction parameters were selected, the specificity was checked, and the optimal amplification time was selected. As a result of this study, a multiplex real-time PCR test system was developed for the simultaneous detection of A. salmonicida, A. caviae and A. veronii. The sensitivity of the developed protocol was 5.56 pg/µl. The data obtained will allow for accelerated screening of these pathogens

Determination of the Dependence of the Structure of Zn-Al Layered Double Hydroxides, as A Matrix for Functional Anions Intercalation, on Synthesis Conditions

Layered double hydroxides, especially Zn-Al, are valuable matrices for intercalation with various functional anions: dyes, medicines, food additives, etc. For the purposeful development and optimization of the technology for the synthesis of Zn-Al hydroxides intercalated with functional anions, the phase composition and crystal structure of Zn-Al nitrate layered double hydroxide samples (Zn:Al=4:1) synthesized at solution flow rates of 0.8 and 1.6 l/h, pH=7, 8, 9, 10 and t=10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 °С were studied. XRD showed that all samples synthesized at different temperatures, pH, and solution flow rates were Zn-Al layered double hydroxides with an α-Zn(OH)2 crystal lattice of medium crystallinity, with an admixture of an oxide phase with a ZnO lattice. Three sections of the dependence of the crystallite size of the sample on the synthesis temperature were distinguished: 10–20 °C, 30–50 °C, and 60 °C, within which an increase in temperature led to an increase in crystallinity. A hypothesis was put forward about a change in the mechanism or kinetics of LDH formation at temperatures of 30 °C and 60 °C. An increase in the pH of the synthesis and the flow rate of solutions led to an increase in crystallinity. A retrospective comparative analysis of the phase composition and crystal structure of Zn-Al-nitrate and Zn-Al-tripolyphosphate (tartrazine or Orange Yellow S) LDH samples was carried out. It was found that the use of large and multi-charged functional anions caused significant adsorption on precipitate nuclei and difficult intercalation. As a result, low crystallinity was formed (Tartrazine anion) or a significant part of LDH was decomposed to oxide (tripolyphosphate and Orange Yellow S anions)