Specifics of computer discourse translation from English into Russian

Relevance of the problem under study is caused by need of further development of science and technology in Russia and abroad and it inevitably puts on the agenda the issue of information exchange in the field of scientific and technological achievements. This article is directed on identification and analysis of main features of translation of lexical and grammatical phenomena of computer discourse. The leading approaches to research of this problem are logical and linguistic analysis, method of actualization, selection, systematization and generalization with analysis of the specifics of lexical-grammatical phenomena of computer discourse point of translation studies. The main results of the study are that the concept of computer discourse and the characteristics of technical translation were analyzed; specificity of computer terminology translation was revealed; lexical and grammatical phenomena of computer discourse in terms of the theory of translation were investigated. The article may be useful for IT teachers when preparing teaching aids and manuals on languages, seminars and special courses on English in the field of information technology and dictionaries of the English and Russian languages.peer-reviewe

Semântica cultural nacional através do prisma de unidades fraseológicas

The phraseological fund of language is the most valuable source of data on culture, stereotypes of national consciousness; it includes people's ideas about myths, customs, ceremonies, rituals, habits, morals, behavior. Each person belongs to the certain national culture including national traditions, language, history, literature. Economic, cultural and scientific contacts of the countries and their people increase the relevance of the topics connected with a research of cross-cultural communications, interactions and interferences of languages and cultures, studying of the language personality.Studying of how the phraseological component of language reflects the outlook characteristic of "national spirit" in the images gives a special impulse to development of phraseology. Phraseological units (PU) reproduce this outlook in processes of the speech and by that form it, becoming property of language consciousness. The addressing to PU in which figurative basis is imprinted outlook of the English and Russian linguocultural societies defines relevance of the present research.El fondo de fraseología del lenguaje es la fuente de datos más valiosa sobre la cultura, los estereotipos de la conciencia nacional; Incluye las ideas de las personas sobre mitos, costumbres, ceremonias, rituales, hábitos, moral, comportamiento. Cada persona pertenece a la cultura nacional determinada, incluidas las tradiciones nacionales, el idioma, la historia, la literatura. Los contactos económicos, culturales y científicos de los países y sus pueblos aumentan la relevancia de los temas relacionados con la investigación de las comunicaciones interculturales, las interacciones y las interferencias de idiomas y culturas, el estudio de la personalidad lingüística.El estudio de cómo el componente fraseológico del lenguaje refleja la perspectiva característica del "espíritu nacional" en las imágenes da un impulso especial al desarrollo de la fraseología. Las unidades de Phraseological (PU) reproducen esta perspectiva en los procesos del discurso y por eso lo forman, convirtiéndose en propiedad de la conciencia del lenguaje. Dirigirse a PU en el que figura figurativa está impresa la perspectiva de las sociedades linguoculturales inglesas y rusas define la relevancia de la presente investigación.O fundo de fraseologia da linguagem é a fonte mais valiosa de dados sobre cultura, os estereótipos da consciência nacional; Inclui as idéias das pessoas sobre mitos, costumes, cerimônias, rituais, hábitos, moral, comportamento. Cada pessoa pertence à cultura nacional determinada, incluindo tradições nacionais, língua, história, literatura. Os contatos econômicos, culturais e científicos dos países e seus povos aumentam a relevância de temas relacionados à pesquisa de comunicações interculturais, às interações e interferências de línguas e culturas, ao estudo da personalidade lingüística.O estudo de como o componente fraseológico da linguagem reflete a perspectiva característica do "espírito nacional" nas imagens dá um impulso especial ao desenvolvimento da fraseologia. As unidades de fraseologia (PU) reproduzem essa perspectiva nos processos de discurso e, portanto, formam-na, tornando-se propriedade da consciência da linguagem. Dirigindo PU em que figura figurativa é impressa a perspectiva de sociedades linguísticas culturais inglesas e russas define a relevância da presente investigação

LINGUOCULTURAL PECULIARITIES OF ABBREVIATIONS IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE

The purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to define the linguocultural peculiarities of the abbreviations in the political discourse.Materials and methods: The leading approach to the study of this problem is scientific. In the article such general scientific research methods as a descriptive-analytical method; method of continuous sampling and contextual analysis were used.Results of the research: there is relevance to the detailed investigation of the active language processes in modern English electronic media. Abbreviations are the language tools that help create a picture of the day. The newspaper is the first source where new abbreviations are fixed. In the English speaking electronic newspapers in political discourse generally accepted abbreviations are used. In political articles the use of abbreviations is in outline. The materials of the article can be useful for students, Masters, and postgraduates in English study. Data on the "language picture of the world" of the analyzed linguistic and cultural community can be applied in the methodology and teaching practice of foreign languages. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Linguocultural Peculiarities of Abbreviations in Political Discourse is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Guia de museus como meio de envolvimento de crianças em idade escolar primária no patrimônio histórico e cultural

The purpose of the work was to study the cognitive interest of primary school-aged children in the historical and cultural heritage, in order to create children's guide-book to the Museum-reserve “Kazan Kremlin”, located in the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia.Theoretical and empirical research methods were used to solve the assigned tasks. The analysis of pedagogical and museological literature was performed. Questionnaire survey and interviewing were carried out, followed by mathematical analysis of the sample.The experience of museum pedagogy was used as a theoretical method. In the course of its studying it was revealed, that younger schoolchildren were attracted by external effects and practical orientation of excursions. And the most effective way was the creation of game situation, in which the child was stimulated to make individual discovery.The study was based on a specially developed questionnaire for children of primary school age, for their parents and museum workers of the complex “Kazan Kremlin”.Based on the results of collected data, the guide-book was developed. It includes learning games, which contain historical, art and religious information, adapted to the group of children 7-10 years old.El propósito del trabajo fue estudiar el interés cognitivo de los niños en edad escolar primaria en el patrimonio histórico y cultural, con el fin de crear una guía para niños de la reserva del museo "Kazan Kremlin", ubicado en la República de Tatarstán, Kazán, RusiaSe usaron métodos de investigación teóricos y empíricos para resolver las tareas asignadas. Se realizó el análisis de la literatura pedagógica y museológica. Se llevaron a cabo cuestionarios y entrevistas, seguidos de un análisis matemático de la muestra.La experiencia de la pedagogía museística se utilizó como método teórico. En el curso de su estudio se reveló que los escolares más pequeños se sentían atraídos por los efectos externos y la orientación práctica de las excursiones. Y la forma más efectiva fue la creación de la situación del juego, en la que el niño fue estimulado para hacer un descubrimiento individual.El estudio se basó en un cuestionario especialmente desarrollado para niños de edad escolar primaria, para sus padres y trabajadores de museos del complejo "Kazan Kremlin".Con base en los resultados de los datos recopilados, se desarrolló la guía. Incluye juegos de aprendizaje, que contienen información histórica, artística y religiosa, adaptada al grupo de niños de 7-10 añosO objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o interesse cognitivo das crianças em idade escolar primária do património histórico e cultural, a fim de criar um guia para reserva crianças museu "Kazan Kremlin", localizada na República de Tatarstan, Kazan . RússiaMétodos de pesquisa teórica e empírica foram utilizados para resolver as tarefas atribuídas. A análise da literatura pedagógica e museológica foi realizada. Questionários e entrevistas foram realizados, seguidos de uma análise matemática da amostra.A experiência da pedagogia do museu foi usada como método teórico. No curso de seu estudo, revelou-se que as crianças mais jovens eram atraídas pelos efeitos externos e pela orientação prática das excursões. E a maneira mais eficaz foi a criação da situação do jogo, em que a criança foi estimulada a fazer uma descoberta individual.O estudo foi baseado em um questionário especialmente desenvolvido para crianças em idade escolar primária, para seus pais e trabalhadores de museus do complexo "Kazan Kremlin".Com base nos resultados dos dados coletados, o guia foi desenvolvido. Inclui jogos de aprendizagem, que contêm informações históricas, artísticas e religiosas, adaptadas ao grupo de crianças de 7 a 10 anos

RESEARCH STUDY ON COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE FEATURES OF SOCIAL SPHERE SPECIALISTS

Purpose of the study: To study the ways to increase the communicative competence of social sphere specialists, aimed at the formation of professional and personal qualities, communicative skills, and development of professional interest and success. Methodology: Some theoretical and empirical research methods are used: analysis of publications in social work, normative documentation on the research issue; diagnostic methods: questioning, testing, interviews; experimental methods: ascertaining, forming, and control stages of the experiment; stating, forming and control stages of the experiment; methods of statistical processing of research results. Main Findings: The main results of the study showed that the modern practice of successful organization of social service activities requires a thoughtful approach. The head, together with the full-time psychologist, should monitor the communicative competence of the specialists working at this service and timely organize the work to overcome the manifestations of professional burnout of specialists and prevent their professional deformation. The significance of the influence of active teaching methods on interpersonal communication has allowed us to develop and test several practically effective teaching methods that increase the effectiveness of interaction with others in professional communication. Applications of this study: This study reveals the possibilities of improving the communicative competence of the specialists working at social service departments in modern conditions of systematic emotional overload when performing their professional duties. This theme is quite relevant for the activities of any service within “person to person” interaction, especially a social one, having its specifics and directed at helping a person facing a social problem. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study is in justifying the need for organizing activities to improve the communicative competence of social service specialists using modern socio-psychological developments. In the modern practice of holding social work, this component is often overlooked, which subsequently leads to frequent conflicts among social service employees and recipients of social services, a gradual loss of interest in the work performed, and, as a result, its indifferent fulfilment

THE HEMOSTATIC ACTIVITY OF BIS (2-AMINOETHAN-1-SULFONATE) CALCIUM

Objective: It is known that local or systemic injection of hemostatic drugs is used to reduce blood loss and number of blood transfusions in patients with hypocoagulation and hemorrhagic diathesis. However, the analysis of literature data shows that the drugs applied for the control of bleeding, traditionally used in medical practice, are not effective enough. This study deals with the systemic hemostatic activity of bis (2-aminoethan-1- sulfonate) calcium in the experiment.Methods: Experimental work in vitro is performed on the blood of healthy male donors, under conditions in vivo it is done on intraperitoneal injection in male rats. Thromboelastography was carried out with apparatus Thromboelastography (TEG) 5000 (Haemoscope Corporation, United States). The influence of first synthesized derivative and ethamsylate on functional activity of platelets was studied using a platelet aggregation analyzer Biola 230LA†(Russia). Experimental evaluation of the system specific hemostatic activity in vivo was carried out using the model of parenchymatous bleeding in mature male rats. The interference came amid registration of bleeding stop time and extent of blood loss.Results: Bis (2-aminoethan-1-sulfonate) calcium shows procoagulation and proaggregant activity both in vitro and in vivo. Proaggregatory effect of bis (2-aminoethan-1-sulfonate) calcium is successfully implemented in the systemic hemostatic activity in terms of parenchymal bleeding, surpassing the control group and the group of etamsylate.Conclusion: The results of these studies reveal potentially high systemic hemostatic activity of bis (2-aminoethan-1-sulfonate) calcium, urging the need for further study on this compound and its analogs to create on their basis highly efficient, selective correctors of the hemostatic system

Research of the wastewater treatment method for the production of wood-chip building materials in the presence of nanostructured heterogeneous catalys

ABSTRACT: Introduction. Phenols and petroleum products are common wastewater contaminants in many industries. Due to their persistence and toxicity in the natural environment, an efficient waste disposal technology is needed. Ozonation in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts is one of the advanced methods for treating wastewater from these toxicants. Since most catalysts are expensive, they are being sought on the basis of transition metals and their oxides, which have high activity and relatively low cost. In this regard, the Scientific and Educational Center for Innovative Technologies (SECIT) of USPTU carried out work on the search for an effective and affordable catalyst for the deep oxidation of phenol and petroleum products in wastewater under the influence of ozone. Methods and materials. To study catalytic ozonation, we used model waste water containing phenol and oil products at concentrations of 8 and 30 mg/dm3, respectively. Ozonation was carried out in the presence of fresh (1) and spent (2) NiO–MoO3 catalyst deposited in the form of a film on cylindrical Al2O3 granules weighing 0.5 – 2 g. Results. Optimal conditions of ozonation have been found (1), within 10 min of the decomposition process in its presence, COD decreased by 25% compared to the oxidation process with a catalyst (2), and by 40% compared to classical ozonolysis. It was found that the optimal loading of catalyst (1) is 1 g, duration is 35 min, pH = 8.5, temperature – 22 – 30оC, ozone dose – 5 g/dm3. Discussion. At catalyst dosages of less than 1 g/dm3 , the low efficiency of removing phenol and hydrocarbons is probably due to a lack of the adsorption surface of the catalyst. Conclusion. The studied method of purification allows to reduce the content of phenol and oil products to the standard indicator of drinking water quality (0.001 and 0.05 mg/dm3, respectively), COD by 96% and solve the problem of the harmful effects of these toxicants on ecosystems

The museum guide as a means of participation of children of primary school age in the historical and cultural heritage

El propósito del trabajo fue estudiar el interés cognitivo de los niños en edad escolar primaria en el patrimonio histórico y cultural, con el fin de crear una guía para niños de la reserva del museo "Kazan Kremlin", ubicado en la República de Tatarstán, Kazán., Rusia.Se usaron métodos de investigación teóricos y empíricos para resolver las tareas asignadas. Se realizó el análisis de la literatura pedagógica y museológica. Se llevaron a cabo cuestionarios y entrevistas, seguidos de un análisis matemático de la muestra.La experiencia de la pedagogía museística se utilizó como método teórico. En el curso de su estudio se reveló que los escolares más pequeños se sentían atraídos por los efectos externos y la orientación práctica de las excursiones. Y la forma más efectiva fue la creación de la situación del juego, en la que el niño fue estimulado para hacer un descubrimiento individual.El estudio se basó en un cuestionario especialmente desarrollado para niños de edad escolar primaria, para sus padres y trabajadores de museos del complejo "Kazan Kremlin".Con base en los resultados de los datos recopilados, se desarrolló la guía. Incluye juegos de aprendizaje, que contienen información histórica, artística y religiosa, adaptada al grupo de niños de 7-10 años. The purpose of the work was to study the cognitive interest of children of primary school age in the historical and cultural heritage, in order to create a guide for children of the reserve of the museum "Kazan Kremlin", located in the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan ., Russia.Theoretical and empirical research methods were used to solve the assigned tasks. The analysis of the pedagogical and museological literature was carried out. Questionnaires and interviews were carried out, followed by a mathematical analysis of the sample.The experience of museum pedagogy was used as a theoretical method. In the course of their study, it was revealed that the youngest schoolchildren were attracted to the external effects and practical orientation of the excursions. And the most effective way was to create the play situation, in which the child was stimulated to make an individual discovery.The study was based on a questionnaire specially developed for children of primary school age, for their parents and museum workers of the "Kazan Kremlin" complex.Based on the results of the collected data, the guide was developed. Includes learning games, containing historical, artistic and religious information, adapted to the group of children from 7-10 years

Development of University Students’ Motivation with the Help of E-learning

The relevance of the study is due to the orientation of the modern model of education to the formation of a competitive creative personality with the need of continual self-improvement and self-development. It is possible due to the high level of the learning motivation of students and the motivation to acquire a future profession. It should be emphasized that e-learning has a considerable potential in this aspect. In this regard, this article is aimed to reveal the specifics of the use of e-learning means in the development of university students motivation. The article presents a series of lessons designed to develop students’ motivation, implemented by e-learning means. We elaborated a series of webinars (“I want to be an engineer – I want to be taught!”; "Information crystals" (effective information processing techniques), "Time Management Secrets," "Kaleidoscope of discoveries", "Jolly mathematics"); chats ("The engineer of the third millennium - the future engineer, who is he?", "Physics, Chemistry for Engineers: Myth and Reality"); the virtual round table - "The heritage of the past" (about great scientists, inventions and discoveries) and others. The article presents the ways of applying e-learning in the development of university students’ motivation. On one hand, it is the methodological basis of the training system; on the other hand, it provides the usage of scientific knowledge in the study of professional disciplines