2,467 research outputs found
Innovation Potential of Acmeological Approach to Teaching Staff Training
The article deals with the conditions of the formation of innovative competences of the teachers and
students. The full view of the content of innovation in higher education, working conditions and factors
of its optimization can be formed on the basis of the acmeological approach. Acmeology focuses on the
allocation of productivity factors that promote the development of the object, definition of the strategies
to achieve qualitative results, which can be relied upon in choosing technologies and solutions to
educational problems. The acmeological approach allows to optimally realize the innovative potential
of the professional development to its best.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². Π¦Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ
Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π²ΡΠ·Π°Ρ
, ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ
Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°ΠΊΠΌΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠΊΠΌΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ²
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ. ΠΠΊΠΌΠ΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING OF FAMILIES WITH A CHILD WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES
Introduction. The culture of parents, family constellation and the atmosphereΒ in the family, including psychological well-being of all its members have a great impact on forming of the identity of a child. The study of psychological well-being of parents with children with intellectual disabilities, allows us to select the most important areas of work with the family, effectively distribute the efforts of experts to meet the communication, medical, educational and other needs of families. The aim of this research is to analyze the state of psychological well-beingΒ of parents of the special boarding school children as a factor of their socialization. Methods. A standardized scale of subjective wellbeing (authors Perrudet-Badoux,Β Mendelssohn and Chiche, adapted by V. M. Sokolova) is used to determine the componentsΒ of the psychological well-being of parents of mentally deficient children. The techniqueΒ Β«A scale of subjective well-beingΒ» in authorβs adaptation is applied to determinationΒ of the level of psychological well-being of school students. Results. 58 parents from 53 families and 60 children of early teenage ageΒ (12β13 years) having the diagnosis of F70 (minor mental retardation) or F71 (moderateΒ mental retardation) participated in the research; it shows that the comprehensiveΒ social and psychological support of a family aimed at providing psychologicalΒ well-being of parents (their legal representatives) in the conditions of correctionalΒ boarding school becomes a factor of positive socialization of the child withΒ intellectual incapacity. Adult examinees with psychological problems are not found.Β The respondents do not have serious emotional problems, they are optimistic,Β not inclined to state claims, active, successfully interact with people around,Β most of them possess a positive self-assessment. These characteristics are explainedΒ by the comprehensive program of social and psychological maintenance of familiesΒ conducted at school. It is concluded that interconditionality of psychologicalΒ well-being of children and their parents can and must be supported and adjustedΒ by the school.Scientific novelty consists in the development of ideas to ensure positive socializationΒ of families with children with disabilities.Practical significance. The found results can be used in special education,Β the implementation of social and psychological support of students with intellectualΒ disabilities and their families.ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΒ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΒ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° VIII Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Β ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ (Perrudet-Badoux,Β Mendelssohn ΠΈ Chiche; Π² Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π. Π. Π‘ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ). ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΒ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Β Β«Π¨ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΒ» Π² Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ 58 ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉΒ ΠΈΠ· 53 ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ 60 Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° (12β13 Π»Π΅Ρ), ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅Β Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· F70 (ΡΠΌΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡΡ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ) ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ F71 (ΡΠΌΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ), ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ) ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅Β ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ
, ΠΊΡΠΎ Π±Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π» ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΅. Π£ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ±Ρ, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ, ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ, Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ΅Π»Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°.Β ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉ
Social Justice Based on Religious Forms of Prosociality in Russia
This article shows the social and psychological aspects of the prosociality in Russia which help to see the ways to social justice forming. In Russia, under the influence of Christianity forms an approach to prosocial behavior as a mandatory element of public life. Objective of study is an identification of the peculiarities of prosocial manifestation in Russian people with different levels of religiosity in modern social and cultural conditions. This study is conducted on the base of the complex of methods, namely, The Scale of Altruism (SRA); Social Norms of Prosocial Behavior (SNPB); Index of Core Spiritual Experiences (INSPIRIT); Religious Orientation Scale (RSO). The sample consists of 221 people living in various Russian cities (38% of men, 62% of women) aged 20 to 66 years (M-39.8). As a result, the collected data and their evaluation and discussion help to support the idea that spirituality and citizenship have a regulatory influence on the prosocial motives of mercy, tolerance, and altruism
Two New Species of the Genus Calanopia (Copepoda, Calanoida, Pontellidae) from the Northern Levantine Basin (Mediterranean Sea)
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Calanopia β Calanopia levantina Uysal et Shmeleva, sp. n. ΠΈ Calanopia metu Uysal et Shmeleva, sp. n., Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π°Ρ
, Π²Π·ΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π² ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅ 0β100 ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΠ΅Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°. Π‘. levantina Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΊ Π‘. minor A. Scott ΠΈ Π‘. aurivillii Cleve, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ³, ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ (ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ) ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. Π‘. metu ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π³ΡΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠΉΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ.Two new species, Calanopia levantina Uysal et Shmeleva, sp. n. and Calanopia metu Uysal et Shmeleva, sp. n. are described and figured. These species were found in the zooplankton collected by the Nansen net at 0β100 m depth along Turkish coastal waters in the northern Levantine Basin. C. levantina is closely related to C. minor A. Scott and C. aurivillii Cleve but differs from other species of this genus mainly by the structure and armature of the fifth leg, the structure of rostrum, etc. C. metu differs from other species of this genus by the robust form, body-wide-ovoid cephalosome with short thoracic spines and a short compressed urosome
Features of subjective well-being as an indicator of socio-psychological security and social health of children with intellectual disabilities
Presents the results of research of subjective well-being of children with intellectual disabilities, who acts as the indicator of their socio-psychological safety and social healthΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°, Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Ρ
Applying the data envelopment analysis method for evaluating the efficiency of the complex system operations in fuel and energy companies
This work proposes the Data Envelopment Analysis method (DEA) as a tool for
evaluating the efficiency of the complex systems operations on the example of fuel and energy
companies. It is also presented a comparative analysis of different methods for evaluating the
efficiency of the complex systems operations. The output-oriented DEA model is used in the
research. The task with one input and two outputs is solved. In order to test the method, a
complex system was chosen β the heat supply system for the heat and power plants on the left
bank of Krasnoyarsk. The calculations were made using four heat and power plants in
Krasnoyarsk
Pecularities of composition, structure and environments of Hirnantian deposits in the Timan-northern Ural sedimentary basin
The results of lithological and geochemical study of the Hirnantian deposits on the western slope of the Subpolar (Ko-BKB and Ko-108/01 sections) and Northern (BK-2 section) Urals are presented. At the beginning of the Hirnantian the regression in the Timan-northern Ural region on the outer zone of the carbonate platform margin (eastern sections of Ko-BKB - the Badβyashor Fm in the Kozhym River, Subpolar Urals and BK-2 - pack 1 of the Verkh Ruchej Fm in the Ilych River basin, Northern Urals) was manifested in the formation of breccias, erosion surfaces with pockets, carbon and oxygen isotope excursions. In the inner zone of the platform margin (western section Ko-108/01 - pack 1 of the Yunkoshor Fm) was formed bioclastic sands, erosion processes have been significantly weaker. In the late Hirnantian existed shoals with crinoidal-sand facies (sections Ko-BKB - the Kamennaya Baba Fm and BK-2 - pack 2 of the Verkh Ruchej Fm) and more quiet water conditions of lower intertidal zone (section Ko-108/01 - pack 2 of the Yunkoshor Fm). The difference in the sedimentation was due to the existence of paleouplifts and paleodepressions (raised and lowered blocks of composite basement) on the carbonate platform. The similar environments in the sedimentary basin are revealed in the mid-Hirnantian by the negative excursion of carbon and oxide isotope curves clearly expressed in all sections. This shift reaching in the Ξ΄18Π to 4.7β° fixed in the section Ko-BKB. Such expressive isotope excursion can apply as the regional geochemical marker of the mid-Hirnantian deposits. This time interval characterizes an abrupt shallowing, intense continental runoff, and influence of fresh-water due to short-term extensive regional regression in the Timan-northern Ural marine basin. For the Hirnantian Stage in stratigraphic scheme of the Western Urals on the basis of sections completeness it is necessary to allocate the βKozhymβ Regional Stage with the stratotype sections in the Kozhym River on the Subpolar Urals, which must be located above the Kyrβya Regional Stage corresponding to the upper Katian
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Subject of study β role of corporate governance practices in managing the largest Russian banks. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that decisions affecting financial results of companies depend on socio-demographic characteristics of their decision-makers and technology of these decisions. The Board of Directors is the body that controls the activities of management, and the efficiency of management decisions depends on its structure. The aim of the study is to estimate the influence of socio-demographic characteristics of directors on financial results of banks. In this research the authors use such method as panel regression analysis to estimate the significance of the obtained results. The sample captures the data on 6 largest Russian banks by total assets for the period 2011β2020. As the result, gender board diversity has a positive and statistically significant impact both on ROA and ROE. Meanwhile, the influence of national diversity on ROE is insignificant whereas the effect of this variable on ROA is significant and negative. In addition to board diversity features, business size is also an important determinant of profitability. The negative influence of this indicator should not be understood literally. The largest Russian banks are examined in this article, so the growth in the volume of their assets is associated with a decline in profitability in relative terms. The analysis also reveals that board independence and leverage do not affect profitability. Conclusion confirm a positive influence of board gender diversity on financial performance of Russian banks. Along with that, a negative impact of national diversity and an insignificant impact of board independence refute the results reported by both foreign and Russian authors. Further research on the influence of corporate governance practices on financial performance of Russian companies is required.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡ, ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
, ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΎ-Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°Ρ
(ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° 2022 Π³.) Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 2011β2020 Π³Π³. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π° Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ². Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅Π· Ρ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ². Π’ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
- β¦