11 research outputs found
Methodological guide: Community participatory inventory and prioritization of climate-smart crop-livestock agroforestry technologies / practices
This guide addresses the issue of identifying priority interventions for communities
in the face of climate change. The manual is about participatory approach
of inventorizing and prioritizing climate-smart crop-livestock-agroforestry and
social technologies / practices. The guide provides a step by step guidance on
how project/extension workers can work with communities and other development
stakeholders in the target sites to identify practices that can help local
communities to better adapt to climate variability in production.
The guide was developed within the framework of a project âBuilding resilient
agro-sylvo-pastoral systems in West Africa through participatory action researchâ
(BRAS-PAR)â which is one ofthe flagship 2 projects funded by the CGIAR
Research Program on Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).
The flagship 2 of CCAFS, which is about climate-smart technologies and practices,
addresses the challenge of how to transition to a climate-smart agriculture
(CSA) at a large scale for enabling agricultural systems to be transformed and
reoriented to support food security under the new realities of climate change.
Led by ICRAF-WCA/Sahel, the BRAS-PAR project is being implemented by a
consortium of National research institutes in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Niger and
Senegal, IUCN, and ILRI
Epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of the umbilical cord prolapse at the Befelatanana University Hospital Centre of Obstetric Gynecology in Antananarivo, Madagascar
Background: Umbilical cord prolapse is a major obstetrical emergency that threatens the fetal prognosis during labor. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiologic and clinical profile of pulsatile cord prolapse at the Befelatanana University Hospital of Obstetric Gynecology.Methods: It is about a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Befelatanana University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Antananarivo over a period of 3 years, from January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2014. We have identified all cases of umbilical cord prolapse. We studied obstetric, neonatal and maternal parameters.Results: We found 70 cases of pulsatile umbilical cord prolapse, a prevalence of 0.28% of deliveries. The average age of the patients was 28 ± 3.2 years with extremes ranging from 18 to 43 years. Multiparous women predominated with (51.43%) Pregnancy was long term, with 71.43% of cases associated with placenta praevia, lateral prolapse of the limb, long cord and contracted pelvis. The prolapse of the cord was 1st degree with 44.29% of cases. All patients had received (100%) of oxygen therapy. Almost all patients were caesarized (95.71%). Neonatal complications were represented by admission to neonatal intensive care unit (32.86%), perinatal asphyxia (31.43%), prematurity (28.57%), neonatal infection (4.29%) and neonatal death (10%).Conclusions: The umbilical cord prolapse is relatively rare. Fetal extraction in the shortest possible time, especially when the cord is externalized, which is the main determining factor of neonatal prognosis
Guide methodologique: MĂ©thode communautaire participative dâinventaire et de priorisation des technologies / pratiques dâagriculture Ă©levage-agroforesterie climato-intelligentes
Ce guide traite des questions dâidentification des interventions prioritaires pour
les communauteÌs dans le contexte du changement climatique. Il sâagit dâune approche
participative dâinventaire et de priorisation des technologies / pratiques
dâagriculture-eÌlevage-agroforesterie et sociales climato-intelligentes. Le guide
fournit aux agents de terrain un accompagnement etÌape par etÌape pour travailler
avec les acteurs cleÌdans les sites cibles, pour identifier les pratiques prometteuses
qui aideraient ces derniers aÌsâadapter aux variabiliteÌs climatiques dans
leurs activiteÌs de production.
Le guide a eÌteÌproduit dans le cadre dâun projet âBuilding resilient agro-sylvopastoral
systems in West Africa through participatory action researchâ (BRASPAR)â
qui est lâun des projets de la Composante 2 financeÌe par le programme de
recherche du CGIAR sur les Changements Climatiques, lâAgriculture etla SecÌ uriteÌ
Alimentaire (CCAFS). La composante 2 du CCAFS, quitraite des pratiques ettechnologies
climato-intelligentes, sâattaque aux deÌfis de comment passer aÌune
agriculture climato-intelligente (ACI) aÌplus grande eÌchelle pour permettre aux
systemÌ es agricoles dâetÌre transformesÌ et reoÌ rientesÌ pour soutenir la secÌ uriteÌalimentaire
dans le contexte actuel de changement climatique. PiloteÌpar lâICRAFWCA/Sahel,
le projet BRAS- PAR est mis en Ćuvre au Burkina Faso, Ghana, Niger
et SenÌ egÌ al par un consortium dâinstitutions nationales de recherche (INERA, SARI,
INRAN et ISRA), IUCN et ILRI
Effet des Variables Agro-Ăcologiques sur la Distribution de la VĂ©gĂ©tation de la RĂŽneraie AnthropisĂ©e de Dasga au Niger
Cette Ă©tude a pour objectif de contribuer Ă la gestion durable de la rĂŽneraie de Dasga Ă travers lâanalyse de la phytodiversitĂ© et des paramĂštres Ă©cologiques influençant la distribution de sa vĂ©gĂ©tation. Les mĂ©thodes de relevĂ© phytosociologique et dâanalyses multivariĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©es. Les relevĂ©s de la vĂ©gĂ©tation ont Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©s selon lâapproche sigmatiste de Braun-Blanquet (1932) et les techniques dâanalyses multivariĂ©es employĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© celles relatives Ă lâanalyse factorielle des correspondances dĂ©tendancĂ©es (DCA) et lâanalyse canonique des correspondances (CCA). Au total 144 espĂšces rĂ©parties dans 100 genres et 50 familles ont Ă©tĂ© recensĂ©es Ă partir de 68 relevĂ©s. Cette flore a Ă©tĂ© dominĂ©e par une forte prĂ©sence des thĂ©rophytes et dâespĂšces Ă large distribution pantropicale et palĂ©otropicale, montrant ainsi un environnement aride et perturbĂ©. Les analyses multivariĂ©es (DCA et CCA) ont permis dâidentifier les gradients de distribution des plantes. Parmi les variables testĂ©es, seules la pente et les cultures se sont revelĂ©es dĂ©terminantes dans la structuration de la vĂ©gĂ©tation par le test de permutation de Monte Carlo. Ces variables agro-Ă©cologiques sembleraient ĂȘtre les paramĂštres majeurs de la distribution des espĂšces vĂ©gĂ©tales dans cette rĂŽneraie. Ainsi la comprĂ©hension des relations entre la vĂ©gĂ©tation et les paramĂštres Ă©cologiques peut ĂȘtre utilisĂ©e comme outil dâamĂ©nagement durable des rĂŽneraies au Niger. The objective of this study is to contribute to the sustainable management of the Dasga palm trees forest by analyzing the phytodiversity and ecological parameters guiding the distribution of vegetation. The methods of phytosociological survey and multivariate analyzes were used. The vegetation surveys were carried out according to the sigmatistic approach of Braun-Blanquet (1932) and the multivariate analysis techniques used were those relating to factorial analysis of relaxed correspondence (DCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). A total of 144 species belonging to 100 genera and 50 families were recorded from 68 plots. This flora is dominated by a strong presence of therophytes and species with broad pantropical and palaeotropical distribution, thusshowing an arid and perturbed environment. The multivariate analyzes (DCA and CCA) sow among the variables tested; only the slope and the crops were determinants in the structuring of the vegetation by the Monte Carlo permutation test. These ecological variables would appear to be the major parameters of species distribution. Thus the understanding of the relationships between vegetation and ecological parameters can be used as a tool for sustainable management of this palm trees forest
Participatory analysis of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change: a methodological guide for working with rural communities. ICRAF Occasional Paper No. 19
This methodological guide was designed to help researchers and development workers to conduct a participatory analysis of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change (PAVACC) with rural communities, and to develop action plans that reflect the concerns of the rural communities. The approach helps rural communities to assess their vulnerability to climate change, and to identify and plan appropriate activities to reduce their vulnerability. In addition, it helps them to organize and analyze information about the vulnerability and resilience of their community, households and individuals, and to use local knowledge about coping strategies to help them adapt to climate change
Analyse participative de la vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© et de lâadaptation aux changements climatiques: un guide mĂ©thodologique
La vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© au changement climatique est un indicateur de sensibilitĂ© ou dâincapacitĂ© dâun systĂšme Ă faire face aux effets dĂ©favorables des variabilitĂ©s et risques climatiques. Les communautĂ©s rurales connaissent mieux leurs situations. Elles ont leur façon de percevoir le phĂ©nomĂšne de changement climatique; alors toute analyse de la vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© aux risques climatiques devrait sâappuyer sur leurs connaissances des conditions locales