High hydrogen yield and purity from palm empty fruit bunch and pine pyrolysis oils

The benefits of CO 2 sorption enhanced steam reforming using calcined dolomite were demonstrated for the production of hydrogen from highly oxygenated pyrolysis oils of the agricultural waste palm empty fruit bunches (PEFB) and pine wood. At 1 atm in a down-flow packed bed reactor at 600 °C, the best molar steam to carbon ratios were between 2 and 3 using a Ni catalyst. After incorporating steam-activated calcined dolomite as the CO 2 sorbent in the reactor bed, the H 2 yield from the moisture free PEFB oil increased from 9.5 to 10.4 wt.% while that of the pine oil increased from 9.9 to 13.9 wt.%. The hydrogen purity also rose from 68 to 96% and from 54 to 87% for the PEFB and pine oils respectively, demonstrating very substantial sorption enhancement effects

The relation between solar cell flight performance data and materials and manufacturing data Final report

Flight performance data for solar cell power systems in satellites and correlation with manufacturing methods and material

Transition from subbarrier to deep subbarrier regimes in heavy-ion fusion reactions

We analyze the recent experimental data of heavy-ion fusion cross sections available up to deep subbarrier energies in order to discuss the threshold incident energy for a deep subbarrier fusion hindrance phenomenon. To this end, we employ a one-dimensional potential model with a Woods-Saxon internuclear potential. Fitting the experimental data in two different energy regions with different Woods-Saxon potentials, we define the threshold energy as an intersect of the two fusion excitation functions. We show that the threshold energies so extracted are in good agreement with the empirical systematics as well as with the values of the Krappe-Nix-Sierk (KNS) potential at the touching point. We also discuss the asymptotic energy shift of fusion cross sections with respect to the potential model calculations, and show that it decreases with decreasing energies in the deep subbarrier region although it takes a constant value at subbarrier energies.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Implementation of ROSA radio occultation data handling into EUMETSAT and GRAS SAF processing

Within this contribution, outcomes from a GRAS - SAF Visiting Scientist activity focused on the analysis of ROSA data quality for their use in operational weather forecasting will be described and main results will be shown. The ROSA Radio Occultation instrument has been developed by Thales-Alenia-Space, Italy and was funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI). Such instrument is actually flying on-board three opportunity missions: the Indian OCEANSAT-2, the Argentinean SAC-D and the Indian-French MEGATROPIQUES. Focus of this Visiting Scientist activity has primarily been the analysis of ROSA data from OCEANSAT-2.This activity was divided into two parts. In the first one, performed at EUMETSAT, ROSA data processing was implemented into the EUMETSAT YAROS processor. The required updates into such processing package were implemented in order to make it able to properly manage also ROSA raw observations. It has to be noted that this processor is the baseline for the operational next generation EUMETSAT Radio Occultation ground segment: any changes performed in the framework of YAROS can easily be transferred to the operational ground segment. The YAROS - EUMETSAT processor was then updated and adapted to work with the ROSA raw data, tracking frequencies and instrument database. Adaptation to open loop data, navigation bits acquisition and potentially ionospheric measurement will be performed in the next future. NetCDF-4 YAROS output files are phases, amplitudes, bending angles over impact parameter, along with all other required data. Robust bias and standard deviation of bending angles to ECMWF collocated data were the statistical indicators generated to evaluate the quality of the ROSA observations. The second part of the activity was the adaptation of the GRAS-SAF ROPP (Radio Occultation Processing Package) processor for ROSA data processing. This second part was performed at Danish Meteorological Institute and has been focused on bending angles, refractivity and higher level product generation and validation against ECMWF and co-located occultation profiles. For the first time, one month of ROSA data have been deeply analyzed by a state-of-the-art Radio Occultation processing software and results will be described in the framework of this contributio

An economic analysis of time-based Demand Response programs and facts devices implementation for congestion management

This paper explores the utilization of combination of Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices, time-based Demand Response (DR) programs, and Generation Redispatch (GR) in short-term congestion management as well as minimization of generation costs in power systems. To achieve this, a multi-stage market clearing procedure is formulated. At the first stage, the market is cleared based on generation cost minimization, without considering network constraints. Market clearing formulation for the second stage is developed considering congestion, in which FACTS device (Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC)), and time-based DR programs (Time of Use (TOU)) are optimally coordinated with GR in the presence of network constraints, to manage congestion at minimum costs. In addition, to make conditions more realistic, operational conditions spanning for a day (24 hours) are considered in this study. Then capabilities of these approaches in different scenarios for congestion management as well as minimization of generation costs are examined on IEEE 14-bus system. Results show that although, applications of time-based DR programs are more effective as compared to other approaches in terms of generation cost reduction but they have limited capability for congestion management due to consumption of responsive loads which usually decreases in one period and increases in another

The application of fault signature analysis in Tenaga Nasional Berhad Malaysia

Unplanned electrical power outages are a major concern to power utilities throughout the whole world. Unfortunately, power outages will continue to occur and they cannot be fully prevented. It could be the result of lightning strikes, tree encroachment, or equipment failure. However, the impact can be reduced if power system operators are equipped with the appropriate tools to analyze the root cause of the failure. Without sufficient tools to identify the nature of a fault, the restoration process could be delayed because the operator does not know whether it is safe to normalize the isolated line. This paper describes the new and simplified fault signature analysis approach on Tenaga Nasional Berhad using a digital fault recorder. The research focuses on the contribution of the lightning strike and tree encroachment to the overhead line tripping in Malaysi

Influence of thermal radiation on unsteady MHD free convection flow of jeffrey fluid over a vertical plate with ramped wall temperature

Influence of thermal radiation on unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) free convection flow of Jeffrey fluid over a vertical plate with ramped wall temperature is studied. The Laplace transform technique is used to obtain the analytical solutions. Expressions for skin friction and Nusselt number are also obtained. Results of velocity and temperature distributions are shown graphically for embedded parameters such as Jeffrey fluid parameter , Prandtl number P r, Grashof number G r, Hartmann number H a, radiation parameter R d, and dimensionless time τ. It is observed that the amplitude of velocity and temperature profile for isothermal are always higher than ramped wall temperature

Development of Emulation Network Analyzer Tool for Computer Network Planning

This paper describes the development of Emulation Network Analyzer (ENA) for heterogeneous services in campus environment. The purpose of this paper is to inform this ENA able to plan and predict network performance. For this purpose, our ENA development is differ from others system such as application and hardware network analyzer. This study focuses on the design of emulation network analyzer, user interface design, characteristics, model description, implementation and evaluation. This ENA can provide a useful network architectural solutions and optimization of network resources during preparation, proposal and planning phases. Finally, ENA tool is a good emulation analyzer that can be used in small to medium size networks for campus environment purposes with minimum cost