Возможности рекультивации каменных отвалов пустых пород после извлечения медной руды

The Elatsite porphyry copper deposit is formed spatially and genetically in magmatic intrusive and effusive rocks of the 1200-1500 m above sea level (asl). At the places where there are more remnants of sulphide minerals, are highly acidic and pollute adjacent waterways. In this paper we present some of the research on the properties of bulk materials suitable for coating the root layer for biological reclamation.Овал порфиритовой меди Элатсайт сформирован из магматических интрузивных и эффузивных пород на высоте 1200-1500 м над уровнем моря. На местах, где много остатков сульфидных минералов, высока кислотность и высоко загрязнение подземных вод. В этой работе представлены результаты исследований по изучению свойств материалов, подходящих для создания покрывающего корнеобитаемого слоя для биологической рекультивации

LOCALIZATION OF PULMONARY THROMBOEMBOLISM - AN IMPORTANT PROGNOSTIC FACTOR

The prognosis of pulmonary thromboembolism is a serious challenge for the clinicians. A total of 967 patients with pulmonary thromboembolism, 511 males and 456 females at a mean age of 60,1 ±13,7 years were analyzed. A special protocol consisting of 52 parameters was used to define their prognostic value. A non-invasive diagnostic algorithm based on symptoms, ECG, pulmonary roentgenography, perfusion scintigraphy, spiral scan, pulmoangiography, or on autopsy was applied. A prognostic index was elaborated by means of multifactorial analysis of the parameters of prognostic significance concerning the risk of lethal outcome. The localization of the pulmonary thromboembolism as determined by using spiral C T can effectively be used for patients' risk stratification

Одонтогенные абсцессы в челюстно-лицевой области у детей до 3-x летнего возраста: клиническое изучение воспалительных процессов одонтогенного происхождения 20 случаев в Болгарии

Introduction: Inflammatory processes of odontogenic origin in the maxillo-facial area are rare in children less than 3 years of age. Aim: The aim of this study was to present the structure and specific characteristics of odontogenic inflammatory processes in the maxillofacial area in children less than 3 years of age. Material and methods: Data was collected from patient’s medical files from the Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery at “St. George” University Hospital in Plovdiv, Bulgaria between January 1996 and April 2008. Data processing was performed with software SPSS 11.0. Results: Inflammatory processes were mainly in the maxilla rather than the mandible (1/0.05). Surgical treatment was etiological and included intraoral incision (all patients), extraction of the deciduous tooth that caused the inflammation (in 95% of the patients), or conservative dental medication (in 5% of the patients). Operative treatment was under general anesthesia (in 80% of the patients), local anesthesia with premedication (in 5% of the patients), or local anesthesia (in 15% of the patients). On average 2.3 teeth per patient were extracted. The microorganisms most frequently found were E. coli, Str. α-haemol., Enterococcus. Cephalosporins were most frequently applied. The patients spent in a hospital an average of 3.3 days. Conclusion: Odontogenic abscesses and phlegmons are found in early childhood (less than 3 years of age), even though the denture is still forming; and there is a tendency of a rise in their frequency.Одонтогенные абсцессы в челюстно-лицевой области у детей до 3-x летнего возраста: клиническое изучение воспалительных процессов одонтогенного происхождения 20 случаев в Болгарии. Введение: Воспалительные процессы одонтогенного происхождения челюстно-лицевой области редко встречаются у детей 3 лет. Цель: Oписание структуры и характерных клинических признаков одонтогенных воспалительных процессов челюстно-лицевой области у детей младше 3-x лет. Материал и методы: Были собраны данные медицинских карт пациентов Клиники Челюстно-лицевой хирургии “St. George” в Университетской больнице г. Пловдив, Болгария, в период с января 1996 года по апрель 2008 года. Обработка данных проводилась с помощью программы SPSS 11.0. Результаты: Воспалительные процессы в основном были выявлены в верхней челюсти, а не в нижней (1/0.05). Хирургическое лечение являлось этиологическим методом и включало внутриротовой разрез (все пациенты), экстракцию больных зубов, которые вызвали воспаление (у 95% пациентов) или консервативное медикаментозное лечение (у 5% пациентов). Оперативное лечение было проведено под общей анестезией (у 80% пациентов), местной анестезией с премедикацией (у 5% больных), или местной анестезией (у 15% пациентов). В среднем были удалены 2, 3 зуба на одного пациента. Наиболее часто встречающиеся микроорганизмы были E. coli, Str. α-haemol., Enterococcus. Цефалоспорины – наиболее часто применяемые антибиотики. Число дней, проведенных в больнице, составляло в среднем 3,3 дня. Вывод: Одонтогенные абсцессы и флегмоны выявляются в раннем детском возрасте (у детей менее 3 лет), несмотря на развитие зубной ткани. И это является тенденцией роста их частоты

Different Approaches to Community Evolution Prediction in Blogosphere

Predicting the future direction of community evolution is a problem with high theoretical and practical significance. It allows to determine which characteristics describing communities have importance from the point of view of their future behaviour. Knowledge about the probable future career of the community aids in the decision concerning investing in contact with members of a given community and carrying out actions to achieve a key position in it. It also allows to determine effective ways of forming opinions or to protect group participants against such activities. In the paper, a new approach to group identification and prediction of future events is presented together with the comparison to existing method. Performed experiments prove a high quality of prediction results. Comparison to previous studies shows that using many measures to describe the group profile, and in consequence as a classifier input, can improve predictions.Comment: SNAA2013 at ASONAM2013 IEEE Computer Societ

Paclitaxel and CYC3, an aurora kinase A inhibitor, synergise in pancreatic cancer cells but not bone marrow precursor cells.

BACKGROUND: Amplification of aurora kinase A (AK-A) overrides the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint, inducing resistance to taxanes. RNA interference targeting AK-A in human pancreatic cancer cell lines enhanced taxane chemosensitivity. In this study, a novel AK-A inhibitor, CYC3, was investigated in pancreatic cancer cell lines, in combination with paclitaxel. METHODS: Western blot, flow cytometry and immunostaining were used to investigate the specificity of CYC3. Sulforhodamine B staining, time-lapse microscopy and colony-formation assays were employed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of CYC3 and paclitaxel. Human colony-forming unit of granulocyte and macrophage (CFU-GM) cells were used to compare the effect in tumour and normal tissue. RESULTS: CYC3 was shown to be a specific AK-A inhibitor. Three nanomolar paclitaxel (growth inhibition 50% (GI(50)) 3 nM in PANC-1, 5.1 nM in MIA PaCa-2) in combination with 1 μM CYC3 (GI(50) 1.1 μM in MIA PaCa2 and 2 μM in PANC-1) was synergistic in inhibiting pancreatic cell growth and causing mitotic arrest, achieving similar effects to 10-fold higher concentrations of paclitaxel (30 nM). In CFU-GM cells, the effect of the combination was simply additive, displaying significantly less myelotoxicity compared with high concentrations of paclitaxel (30 nM; 60-70% vs 100% inhibition). CONCLUSION: The combination of lower doses of paclitaxel and CYC3 merits further investigation with the potential for an improved therapeutic index in vivo

One‐week escitalopram intake alters the excitation–inhibition balance in the healthy female brain

Neural health relies on cortical excitation-inhibition balance (EIB). Previous research suggests a link between increased cortical excitation and neuroplasticity induced by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Whether there are modulations of EIB following SSRI-administration in the healthy human brain, however, remains unclear. Thus, in a randomized double-blind study, we administered a clinically relevant dose of 20 mg escitalopram for 7 days (time when steady state is achieved) in 59 healthy women (28 escitalopram, 31 placebo) on oral contraceptives. We acquired resting-state electroencephalography data at baseline, after a single dose, and at steady state. We assessed 1/f slope of the power spectrum as a marker of EIB, compared individual trajectories of 1/f slope changes contrasting single dose and 1-week drug intake, and tested the relationship of escitalopram plasma levels and cortical excitatory and inhibitory balance shifts. Escitalopram-intake was associated with decreased 1/f slope, indicating an EIB shift in favor of excitation. Furthermore, 1/f slope at baseline and after a single dose of escitalopram was associated with 1/f slope at steady state. Higher plasma escitalopram levels at a single dose were associated with better maintenance of these EIB changes throughout the drug administration week. These findings demonstrate the potential for 1/f slope to predict individual cortical responsivity to SSRIs and widen the lens through which we map the human brain by testing an interventional psychopharmacological design in a clearly defined endocrinological state

The attention-emotion interaction in healthy female participants on oral contraceptives during 1-week escitalopram intake

Previous findings in healthy humans suggest that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) modulate emotional processing via earlier changes in attention. However, many previous studies have provided inconsistent findings. One possible reason for such inconsistencies is that these studies did not control for the influence of either sex or sex hormone fluctuations. To address this inconsistency, we administered 20 mg escitalopram or placebo for seven consecutive days in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design to sixty healthy female participants with a minimum of 3 months oral contraceptive (OC) intake. Participants performed a modified version of an emotional flanker task before drug administration, after a single dose, after 1 week of SSRI intake, and after a 1-month wash-out period. Supported by Bayesian analyses, our results do not suggest a modulatory effect of escitalopram on behavioral measures of early attentional-emotional interaction in female individuals with regular OC use. While the specific conditions of our task may be a contributing factor, it is also possible that a practice effect in a healthy sample may mask the effects of escitalopram on the attentional-emotional interplay. Consequently, 1 week of escitalopram administration may not modulate attention toward negative emotional distractors outside the focus of attention in healthy female participants taking OCs. While further research in naturally cycling females and patient samples is needed, our results represent a valuable contribution toward the preclinical investigation of antidepressant treatment

Fadraciclib (CYC065), a novel CDK inhibitor, targets key pro-survival and oncogenic pathways in cancer

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) contribute to the cancer hallmarks of uncontrolled proliferation and increased survival. As a result, over the last two decades substantial efforts have been directed towards identification and development of pharmaceutical CDK inhibitors. Insights into the biological consequences of CDK inhibition in specific tumor types have led to the successful development of CDK4/6 inhibitors as treatments for certain types of breast cancer. More recently, a new generation of pharmaceutical inhibitors of CDK enzymes that regulate the transcription of key oncogenic and pro-survival proteins, including CDK9, have entered clinical development. Here, we provide the first disclosure of the chemical structure of fadraciclib (CYC065), a CDK inhibitor and clinical candidate designed by further optimization from the aminopurine scaffold of seliciclib. We describe its synthesis and mechanistic characterization. Fadraciclib exhibits improved potency and selectivity for CDK2 and CDK9 compared to seliciclib, and also displays high selectivity across the kinome. We show that the mechanism of action of fadraciclib is consistent with potent inhibition of CDK9-mediated transcription, decreasing levels of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain serine 2 phosphorylation, the pro-survival protein Myeloid Cell Leukemia 1 (MCL1) and MYC oncoprotein, and inducing rapid apoptosis in cancer cells. This cellular potency and mechanism of action translate to promising anti-cancer activity in human leukemia mouse xenograft models. Studies of leukemia cell line sensitivity identify mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene status and the level of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) family proteins as potential markers for selection of patients with greater sensitivity to fadraciclib. We show that the combination of fadraciclib with BCL2 inhibitors, including venetoclax, is synergistic in leukemic cell models, as predicted from simultaneous inhibition of MCL1 and BCL2 pro-survival pathways. Fadraciclib preclinical pharmacology data support its therapeutic potential in CDK9- or CDK2-dependent cancers and as a rational combination with BCL2 inhibitors in hematological malignancies. Fadraciclib is currently in Phase 1 clinical studies in patients with advanced solid tumors (NCT02552953) and also in combination with venetoclax in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (NCT03739554) and relapsed refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (NCT04017546)