The polar-ring galaxies NGC 2685 and NGC 3808B (VV 300)

Polar-ring galaxies (PRG) are among the most interesting examples of interaction between galaxies. A PRG is a galaxy with an elongated main body surrounded by a ring (or a disk) of stars, gas, and dust rotating in a near-polar plane (Schweizer, Whitmore, and Rubin, 1983). Accretion of matter by a massive lenticular galaxy from either intergalactic medium or a companion galaxy is usually considered as an explanation of the observed structure of PRG. In the latter case there are two possibilities: capture and merging of a neighbor galaxy, and accretion of mass from a companion galaxy during a close encounter. Two PRG formation scenarios just mentioned are illustrated here by the results of our observations of the peculiar galaxies NGC 2685 and NGC 3808B

Роль самостоятельной работы при обучении иностранному языку в современных условиях

The role of autonomous work in learning a foreign language in modern conditionsНовые требования к подготовке специалистов отразились на процессе организации обучения иностранным языкам в неязыковом вузе. Изучение иностранного языка сопряжено с активной самостоятельной работой студентов. В данной статье акцент делается на организации самостоятельной работы в процессе обучения