Direct Chargino-Neutralino Production at the LHC: Interpreting the Exclusion Limits in the Complex MSSM

We re-assess the exclusion limits on the parameters describing the supersymmetric (SUSY) electroweak sector of the MSSM obtained from the search for direct chargino-neutralino production at the LHC. We start from published limits obtained in simplified models, where for the case of heavy sleptons the relevant branching ratio, BR(neu2->neu1 Z), is set to one. We show how the decay mode neu2->neu1 h, which cannot be neglected in any realistic model once kinematically allowed, substantially reduces the excluded parameter region. We analyze the dependence of the excluded regions on the phase of the gaugino soft SUSY-breaking mass parameter, M_1, on the mass of the light scalar tau, on tb as well as on the squark and slepton mass scales. Large reductions in the ranges of parameters excluded can be observed in all scenarios. The branching ratios of charginos and neutralinos are evaluated using a full NLO calculation for the complex MSSM. The size of the effects of the NLO calculation on the exclusion bounds is investigated. We furthermore assess the potential reach of the experimental analyses after collecting 100/fb at the LHC running at 13 TeV.Comment: 34 pages, 12 figures. Minor changes, matches published versio

El control genético de los componentes del rendimiento

No podemos decir que el rendimiento de las plantas esté determinado por todos los genes del organismo, pero sí, que intervienen una gran cantidad, aún algunos que aparentemente no lo afectarían, como por ejemplo, podría ser el color de flor en plantas de polinización entomófíla, donde algunos colores pueden ser más atractivos que otros a los insectos polinizadores y por consiguiente esas plantas podrían producir más semilla, o, genes que en un determinado ambiente no se manifiestan, pero sí lo hacen en presencia de, por ejemplo, una plaga, condición de suelo o de clima particulares. Para poder trabajar con esos caracteres es necesario conocer bien las relaciones que tienen entre sí los componentes del rendimiento. Si la correlación genética entre los mismos es negativa, es decir, seleccionando para aumento de un carácter, disminuimos otro, no conseguiremos progresar en el objetivo final, o sea el rendimiento.Tema: El rendimiento de especies de gran cultivo: características ecofisiológicas y su manipulación genéticaAcademia Nacional de Agronomía y Veterinaria (ANAV

Neutralino Decays in the Complex MSSM at One-Loop: a Comparison of On-Shell Renormalization Schemes

We evaluate two-body decay modes of neutralinos in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with complex parameters (cMSSM). Assuming heavy scalar quarks we take into account all two-body decay channels involving charginos, neutralinos, (scalar) leptons, Higgs bosons and Standard Model gauge bosons. The evaluation of the decay widths is based on a full one-loop calculation including hard and soft QED radiation. Of particular phenomenological interest are decays involving the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (LSP), i.e. the lightest neutralino, or a neutral or charged Higgs boson. For the chargino/neutralino sector we employ two different renormalization schemes, which differ in the treatment of the complex phases. In the numerical analysis we concentrate on the decay of the heaviest neutralino and show the results in the two different schemes. The higher-order corrections of the heaviest neutralino decay widths involving the LSP can easily reach a level of about 10-15%, while the corrections to the decays to Higgs bosons are up to 20-30%, translating into corrections of similar size in the respective branching ratios. The difference between the two schemes, indicating the size of unknown two-loop corrections, is less than order(0.1%). These corrections are important for the correct interpretation of LSP and Higgs production at the LHC and at a future linear e+e- collider. The results will be implemented into the Fortran code FeynHiggs.Comment: 49 pages, 27 figures, typos corrected. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1112.0760, arXiv:1111.7289, arXiv:1204.400

Physics Opportunities at mu+mu- Higgs Factories

We update theoretical studies of the physics opportunities presented by mu+mu- Higgs factories. Interesting measurements of the Standard Model Higgs decays into {\bar b}b, tau+tau- and WW* may be possible if the Higgs mass is less than about 160 GeV, as preferred by the precision electroweak data, the mass range being extended by varying appropriately the beam energy resolution. A suitable value of the beam energy resolution would also enable the uncertainty in the b-quark mass to be minimized, facilitating measurements of parameters in the MSSM at such a first mu+mu- Higgs factory. These measurements would be sensitive to radiative corrections to the Higgs-fermion-antifermion decay vertices, which may violate CP. Radiative corrections in the MSSM may also induce CP violation in Higgs-mass mixing, which can be probed via various asymmetries measurable using polarized mu+mu- beams. In addition, Higgs-chargino couplings may be probed at a second mu+mu- Higgs factory.Comment: Report of the Higgs factory working group of the ECFA-CERN study on Neutrino Factory & Muon Storage Rings at CERN. 28 p

Severe climate change risks to food security and nutrition

This paper discusses severe risks to food security and nutrition that are linked to ongoing and projected climate change, particularly climate and weather extremes in global warming, drought, flooding, and precipitation. We specifically consider the impacts on populations vulnerable to food insecurity and malnutrition due to lower income, lower access to nutritious food, or social discrimination. The paper defines climate-related “severe risk” in the context of food security and nutrition, using a combination of criteria, including the magnitude and likelihood of adverse consequences, the timing of the risk and the ability to reduce the risk. Severe climate change risks to food security and nutrition are those which result, with high likelihood, in pervasive and persistent food insecurity and malnutrition for millions of people, have the potential for cascading effects beyond the food systems, and against which we have limited ability to prevent or fully respond. The paper uses internationally agreed definitions of risks to food security and nutrition to describe the magnitude of adverse consequences. Moreover, the paper assesses the conditions under which climate change-induced risks to food security and nutrition could become severe based on findings in the literature using different climate change scenarios and shared socioeconomic pathways. Finally, the paper proposes adaptation options, including institutional management and governance actions, that could be taken now to prevent or reduce the severe climate risks to future human food security and nutrition

HI Velocity Fields and Rotation Curves

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Chargino Decays in the Complex MSSM: A Full One-Loop Analysis

We evaluate two-body decay modes of charginos in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with complex parameters (cMSSM). Assuming heavy scalar quarks we take into account all decay channels involving charginos, neutralinos, (scalar) leptons, Higgs bosons and Standard Model gauge bosons. The evaluation of the decay widths is based on a full one-loop calculation including hard and soft QED radiation. Special attention is paid to decays involving the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (LSP), i.e. the lightest neutralino, or a neutral or charged Higgs boson. The higher-order corrections of the chargino decay widths involving the LSP can easily reach a level of about \pm 10%, while the corrections to the decays to Higgs bosons are slightly smaller, translating into corrections of similar size in the respective branching ratios. These corrections are important for the correct interpretation of LSP and Higgs production at the LHC and at a future linear e+e- collider. The results will be implemented into the Fortran code FeynHiggs.Comment: 75 pages, 43 figures. Minor corrections; version to appear in EPJC. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1111.728