Study of Hematological Parameters in Patients of Different Subtypes of Panduroga

Introduction: Diagnosis in Ayurveda depends on history and clinical examination of the patient. Application of technological advancements and diagnostics tin Ayurveda may increase its acceptability globally and add objectivity to it. This research is advancement in the same direction to observe and analyze the haematological profile in patients of Panduroga (anemia) after categorizing them into Pandu roga subtypes and report the findings.Material and Methods: A prospective non – interventional observational exploratory study was conducted for a period of 18 months on hundred newly diagnosed adult and pediatric cases of anemia presenting to department of pediatrics and general medicine. Patients were categorized into Panduroga subtypes after examining them in detail with history, physical examination, hematological and other relevant investigations and with their due written informed consent. The data was then put to statistical analysis.Results: Differences were observed in the values of hematological parameters for the different subtypes of Panduroga which were statistically significant for Hemoglobin, Total Red blood cell count (TRBC), Hematocrit (HCT), Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and Red cell distribution width (RDW).Conclusion: The differences in the objective profile as uncovered in the study reveals that the subtypes of Panduroga correlate to some extent to the different stages and pathology of anemia. However, the application of this study to the management of different types of anemia will require further confirmatory study with larger sample size in each subgroup

Filters in second language learning: findings from a six-year study on language acquisition

First and second language acquisition differs mainly in the cognitive filters acting at different levels in the process of acquiring language. Dulay and Burt (1977) proposed the affective filter hypothesis which was later included by Krashen (1985) in his five input hypotheses. According to this hypothesis, motivation, attitude, anxiety, and selfconfidence constitute affect. Higher affective filter translates into lower second language learning and vice versa, which accounts for the differences between first and second language learning (Du, 2009). This affective filter is not present in first language acquisition. In this study, we aim to identify and understand these filters and their relevance in current language teaching trends and how they can be effectively employed in the classroom

Antimicrobial Studies on Epidermal Mucus of Fish Anabas Testudineus

The present investigation was conducted to find out the antimicrobial, hemolytic activity and protein content of fish epidermal mucus and their chemical constituents from Anabas testudineus. The in vitro hemolytic activity were analyzed and the antimicrobial activity against human pathogens (Bacteria) were determined by agar well diffusion methods. Epidermal mucus sample protein was analyzed by (Thin layer chromatography and SDS-PAGE). Totally thirteen human pathogens were tested against the fish mucus. Out of thirteen pathogens five pathogens have proved to be sensitive to the mucus. The average value of maximum zone of inhibition was observed against K. pneumonia (15.17±0.09mm) > P. vulgaris (13.2±0.17mm) > E. lentum (12.43±0.18mm) > MRSA (11.37±0.32mm) > S. aureus (10.5±0.11mm). The percentage of haemolysis for lyophilized sample shows more hemolytic activity. The amount of protein present in the mucus for Lyophilized sample: 3.61 g/dL, for Rotavac sample: 1.08 g/dL. The present inspection were revealed that positive progresses in the fish mucus extracts hostile to human pathogen (Bacteria) and the hemolytic activity, also the simple population of proteins (SDS PAGE) and the (TLC) reveals the presence of amino acids and peptides. Further efforts are required for the isolation of the active antimicrobial compounds in order to establish their possible applications

EVALUATION OF ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF WEDELIA TRILOBATA

The aim of present study was to investigate antipyretic activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Wedelia trilobata in yeast induced pyrexia in wistar albino rats. In which pyrexia was induced by an intraperitonial injection of 20% brewer’s yeast (10 ml/kg b.wt.). The body temperature of rats were measured before the injection of yeast and injected ethanolic extract of leaves of Wedelia trilobata (100 mg/kg b.wt.) and (200 mg/kg b.wt.) and followed by treatment with paracetamol (150 mg/kg b.wt.). The body temperature of experimental animals were recorded in the time interval of 0 hr, 1 hr, 2 hr and 3 hr with help of digital clinical thermometer which is placed in rectum in the depth of 2 cm and recorded body temperature values shown that the leaves extract of of Wedelia trilobata possess antipyretic activity

Virological, immunological and pathological findings of transplacentally transmitted bluetongue virus serotype 1 in IFNAR1-blocked mice during early and mid gestation

© 2020, The Author(s). Transplacental transmission (TPT) of wild-type Indian BTV-1 had never been experimentally proved. This study was first time investigated TPT of Indian BTV-1 (isolated from aborted and stillborn goat fetal spleens). The sequential pathology, virological and immune cell kinetics (CD4+, CD8+ T-lymphocytes and NK cells in spleen and PBMCs), and apoptosis in IFNAR1-blocked pregnant mice during early (infected on 1 GD) and mid (infected on 8 GD) gestation have been studied. There was higher rate of TPT during mid stage (71.43%) than early (57.14%) stage. In early stage reduced implantation sites, early embryonic deaths, abortions, and necro-haemorrhagic lesions had observed. Mid stage, congenital defects and neurological lesions in foetuses like haemorrhages, diffuse cerebral edema, necrotizing encephalitis and decreased bone size (Alizarin red staining) were noticed. BTV-1 antigen was first time demonstrable in cells of mesometrium, decidua of embryos, placenta, uterus, ovary, and brain of foetuses by immunohistochemistry and quantified by real-time qRT-PCR. BTV-inoculated mice were seroconverted by 7 and 5 dpi, and reached peak levels by 15 and 9 dpi in early and mid gestation, respectively. CD4+ and CD8+ cells were significantly decreased (increased ratio) on 7 dpi but subsequently increased on 15 dpi in early gestation. In mid gestation, increased CD8+ cells (decreased ratio) were observed. Apoptotic cells in PBMCs and tissues increased during peak viral load. This first time TPT of wild-type Indian BTV-1 deserves to be reported for implementation of control strategies. This model will be very suitable for further research into mechanisms of TPT, overwintering, and vaccination strategies

Development of compact bandpass filter using symmetrical metamaterial structures for GPS, ISM, Wi-MAX, and WLAN applications

This article describes the development of a compact microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) for multiple wireless communication utilizations. The proposed bandpass filter consists of metamaterial unit cells that are symmetrical in shape. The design process involves the placement of four symmetrical split-ring resonators (SRRs) on the top plane of the BPF. It exhibits improved filter characteristics through the implementation of these SRRs. The filter was modeled and fabricated and its performance was evaluated using a Vector Network Analyzer. The designed bandpass filter shows a 5 GHz bandwidth covering the frequency band spanning from 1 to 5.2 GHz, with a quality factor value of 1.85 across 1.9 GHz, 3.3 across 3.3 GHz and 5.1 across 5.1 GHz. The metamaterial analysis was carried out using ANSYS ELECTRONIC DESKTOP. The proposed filter measures 20 × 18 × 1.6 mm3, which is significantly smaller than current filters. The designed bandpass filter occupies 50% of the space of a conventional filter. The designed bandpass filter exhibits a distributed surface current of 84 A/m, and 94 A/m across the wide- and narrow-band operating frequency. The simulated and measured results indicate that the suggested metamaterial filter is well-suited for multiband wireless applications like GPS (1.57 GHz), WLAN (2.4, 3.6, and 5.2 GHz), Wi-MAX (2.3, 2.5, and 3.5 GHz), and ISM (2.5 GHz)

Solid-State Protein Junctions:Cross-Laboratory Study Shows Preservation of Mechanism at Varying Electronic Coupling

Successful integration of proteins in solid-state electronics requires contacting them in a non-invasive fashion, with a solid conducting surface for immobilization as one such contact. The contacts can affect and even dominate the measured electronic transport. Often substrates, substrate treatments, protein immobilization, and device geometries differ between laboratories. Thus the question arises how far results from different laboratories and platforms are comparable and how to distinguish genuine protein electronic transport properties from platform-induced ones. We report a systematic comparison of electronic transport measurements between different laboratories, using all commonly used large-area schemes to contact a set of three proteins of largely different types. Altogether we study eight different combinations of molecular junction configurations, designed so that Ageo of junctions varies from 105 to 10−3 μm2. Although for the same protein, measured with similar device geometry, results compare reasonably well, there are significant differences in current densities (an intensive variable) between different device geometries. Likely, these originate in the critical contact-protein coupling (∼contact resistance), in addition to the actual number of proteins involved, because the effective junction contact area depends on the nanometric roughness of the electrodes and at times, even the proteins may increase this roughness. On the positive side, our results show that understanding what controls the coupling can make the coupling a design knob. In terms of extensive variables, such as temperature, our comparison unanimously shows the transport to be independent of temperature for all studied configurations and proteins. Our study places coupling and lack of temperature activation as key aspects to be considered in both modeling and practice of protein electronic transport experiments

Nanotopography reveals metabolites that maintain the immunomodulatory phenotype of mesenchymal stromal cells

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that are of considerable clinical potential in transplantation and anti-inflammatory therapies due to their capacity for tissue repair and immunomodulation. However, MSCs rapidly differentiate once in culture, making their large-scale expansion for use in immunomodulatory therapies challenging. Although the differentiation mechanisms of MSCs have been extensively investigated using materials, little is known about how materials can influence paracrine activities of MSCs. Here, we show that nanotopography can control the immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs through decreased intracellular tension and increasing oxidative glycolysis. We use nanotopography to identify bioactive metabolites that modulate intracellular tension, growth and immunomodulatory phenotype of MSCs in standard culture and during larger scale cell manufacture. Our findings demonstrate an effective route to support large-scale expansion of functional MSCs for therapeutic purposes

Nanoscale coatings for ultralow dose BMP-2-driven regeneration of critical-sized bone defects

While new biomaterials for regenerative therapies are being reported in the literature, clinical translation is slow. Some existing regenerative approaches rely on high doses of growth factors, such as bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in bone regeneration, which can cause serious side effects. An ultralow-dose growth factor technology is described yielding high bioactivity based on a simple polymer, poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA), and report mechanisms to drive stem cell differentiation and bone regeneration in a critical-sized murine defect model with translation to a clinical veterinary setting. This material-based technology triggers spontaneous fibronectin organization and stimulates growth factor signalling, enabling synergistic integrin and BMP-2 receptor activation in mesenchymal stem cells. To translate this technology, for the first time, plasma-polymerized PEA is used on 2D and 3D substrates to enhance cell signalling in vitro, showing the complete healing of a critical sized bone injury in mice in vivo. Efficacy is demonstrated in a Münsterländer dog with a nonhealing humerus fracture, establishing the clinical translation of advanced ultralow-dose growth factor treatment