Comportamento de cultivares no ensaio Sul-Rio-Grandense de sorgo, para corte/pastejo, Capão do Leão, RS. 2004/2005.

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Manejo da cultura da soja em terras baixas em safras com El-Niño.

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Espaçamento entre linhas e população de plantas para milho cultivado em solos de várzeas.

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Cultural modulation of face and gaze scanning in young children

Previous research has demonstrated that the way human adults look at others’ faces is modulated by their cultural background, but very little is known about how such a culture-specific pattern of face gaze develops. The current study investigated the role of cultural background on the development of face scanning in young children between the ages of 1 and 7 years, and its modulation by the eye gaze direction of the face. British and Japanese participants’ eye movements were recorded while they observed faces moving their eyes towards or away from the participants. British children fixated more on the mouth whereas Japanese children fixated more on the eyes, replicating the results with adult participants. No cultural differences were observed in the differential responses to direct and averted gaze. The results suggest that different patterns of face scanning exist between different cultures from the first years of life, but differential scanning of direct and averted gaze associated with different cultural norms develop later in life

Genes involved in sex determination and the influence of temperature during the sexual differentiation process in fish: A review

This review attempts to group the recent hypotheses involved in the complex system of determination and sex differentiation in fish. Based on recent literature, we relate the key genes involved in the genomic cascade as the Cyp19, Dmrt1, Sox9, Foxl2, Esr, Dax1, Sf1 and Amh1, and still little known action of temperature on them. As the sex reversal is a highly desired process in fish farming aiming at obtaining male mono-sexual populations (due to weight gain of males), several techniques based on direct and indirect manipulation of phenotypic sex are being tested. Recent surveys show the use of temperature as alternative to the process of sex reversal. However, high or low temperatures have limited effect, in addition to there being a window of sex reversal in which temperature acts, varying from species to species. Thus, we draw a parallel with the role of temperature in the process of sex reversal and its effect on genes of the genomic cascade, which has been the subject of several studies that attempt to explain how temperature would be acting in this process. Intracellular receptors, such as those used for steroid hormones, act as transcription factors to regulate target genes moving between the nucleus and cytoplasm and, in the hormone absence, are linked to the complex of heat shock protein 90 kDa (Hsp90). Through this mechanism, it is possible to predict that fluctuations in temperature can influence the action of hormones, the increased transcription of genes involved in steroidogenesis and hence in sexual differentiation, becoming an alternative to explain where the temperature is acting. However, this literature review discusses the correlations between the genomic cascade, the action of intracellular receptors and the influence of temperature within this large system of determination and sex differentiation in fish.Keywords: Fish, gene, sex differentiation, temperatureAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(17), pp. 2129-214

Inheritance of resistance to race 4 of Cercospora sojina Hara in soybean

Esse trabalho visou determinar a herança da resistência à raça 4 de Cercospora sojina Hara em soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Os resultados permitiram concluir que esse caráter tem herança monogênica dominante. Sugerem-se os símbolos Rcs4 e rcs4 para o par de alelos que condiciona, respectivamente, resistência e suscetibilidade à raça 4 do patógeno causador da mancha olho-de-rã.This research aimed to determine the inheritance of resistance to the race 4 of Cercospora sojina Hara in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). The results led to the conclusion that this charater inheritance is monogenic dominant. The simbols Rcs4, rcs4 are suggested to the allelia pair responsible for resistance and susceptibility, respectively, to the race 4 of the pathogen that causes the frogeye leaf spot disease of soybean

A Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Platform Reveals NAFLD Pathophysiological States and Targeting Strategies

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a high global prevalence with a heterogeneous and complex pathophysiology that presents barriers to traditional targeted therapeutic approaches. We describe an integrated quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) platform that comprehensively and unbiasedly defines disease states, in contrast to just individual genes or pathways, that promote NAFLD progression. The QSP platform can be used to predict drugs that normalize these disease states and experimentally test predictions in a human liver acinus microphysiology system (LAMPS) that recapitulates key aspects of NAFLD. Analysis of a 182 patient-derived hepatic RNA-sequencing dataset generated 12 gene signatures mirroring these states. Screening against the LINCS L1000 database led to the identification of drugs predicted to revert these signatures and corresponding disease states. A proof-of-concept study in LAMPS demonstrated mitigation of steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis, especially with drug combinations. Mechanistically, several structurally diverse drugs were predicted to interact with a subnetwork of nuclear receptors, including pregnane X receptor (PXR; NR1I2), that has evolved to respond to both xenobiotic and endogenous ligands and is intrinsic to NAFLD-associated transcription dysregulation. In conjunction with iPSC-derived cells, this platform has the potential for developing personalized NAFLD therapeutic strategies, informing disease mechanisms, and defining optimal cohorts of patients for clinical trials

Avaliação de cultivares de sorgo granífero na safra de 2004/2005 do ensaio Sul-Rio-Grandense.

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