Jim Jones: A popular figure amongst many

Don’t drink the Kool-Aid! Ever heard this term? Where it’s a term that is based off the worst mass suicide ever to happen in the history of the world. Jim Jones a popular preacher in the 1950s to 1970s who taught about social justice. He was breaking ground in race relations, when it was still shady during that time period and he also introduced the idea of a “Utopian Society”. Struggling with economic, physical and emotional circumstances in his early life, made him realize what his mission was for later in life. It was through these circumstances that led him to form the Peoples Temple and gain such popularity amongst his congregation, and political figures. In summary, this paper focuses on my theme which is “What made Jim Jones such a popular figure in society”. It explores his background, his teachings, the links of several different counter-culture movements that were happening throughout that time period to his movement, the definition of a cult and examples, and lastly a brief summary of the fateful day, November 1978

Control of Iron Chlorosis

Publication discusses the causes of iron deficiency in plants and how to best control it

Theory of commensurable magnetic structures in holmium

The tendency for the period of the helically ordered moments in holmium to lock into values which are commensurable with the lattice is studied theoretically as a function of temperature and magnetic field. The commensurable effects are derived in the mean-field approximation from numerical calculations of the free energy of various commensurable structures, and the results are compared with the extensive experimental evidence collected during the last ten years on the magnetic structures in holmium. In general the stability of the different commensurable structures is found to be in accord with the experiments, except for the tau=5/18 structure observed a few degrees below T_N in a b-axis field. The trigonal coupling recently detected in holmium is found to be the interaction required to explain the increased stability of the tau=1/5 structure around 42 K, and of the tau=1/4 structure around 96 K, when a field is applied along the c-axis.Comment: REVTEX, 31 pages, 7 postscript figure

The Impact of an Application of TelerehabilitationTechnology on Caregiver Burden

The objective of this research was to assess the effects of an application of telerehabilitation reducing time and financial obligation on caregiver burden among eleven caregivers of elderly persons with Parkinson’s disease. Clients (care receivers) participated in speech therapy delivered via videophones in their homes; the protocol required 16 treatments delivered four times a week for four weeks. At the conclusion of treatment, caregivers completed a structured interview about the impact of telerehabilitation on time and financial aspects of the burden of care. On average, this speech therapy protocol delivered by videophones saved 48 hours of time, more than 92 hours of work time, and $1024 for each caregiver. Savings were significant and previous research demonstrated nearly equal outcomes using the videophone delivery method. Implications for practice and research are discussed.Keywords: Telerehabilitation, Speech Therapy, Parkinson’s Disease.

Indian monsoon variability in response to orbital forcing during the late Pliocene

The Asian monsoon is a major component of the global climate system and can be divided into two subsystems, the Indian monsoon and the East Asian monsoon. Insights into monsoon behaviour and dynamics can be gained through studying past warm intervals in Earth's history. One such interval is the Pliocene epoch, specifically the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period (mPWP; 3.264–3.025 Ma). This time is characterised as a period of sustained warmth, with annual mean temperatures 2–3 °C higher than the pre-industrial era. Studies have examined the East Asian monsoon during the mPWP from both a geological data and climate modelling perspective. However, there has been little investigation into the behaviour of the Indian monsoon. Using a coupled atmosphere-ocean global climate model (HadCM3), the Indian summer monsoon response to orbital forcing during the mPWP is studied. Of the simulated interglacial events (Marine Isotope Stages KM5c, KM3, K1 and G17), MIS KM5c is the only one with a near-modern orbital forcing. This experiment is compared to a pre-industrial simulation to determine the nature of the mPWP Indian summer monsoon in the absence of a different pattern if insolation forcing. The monsoon at MIS KM5c, is simulated to be stronger than pre-industrial, with higher surface air temperatures and precipitation over land due to higher levels of CO2. MIS G17, K1, and KM3 represent interglacial events of similar magnitude with different insolation forcing than MIS KM5c. The Indian summer monsoon is simulated to be significantly stronger for the interglacials K1 and KM3, compared to KM5c. This is due to stronger precession forcing causing an increase in summer surface air temperature and precipitation. When combined with Pliocene geological boundary conditions, these results highlight the significant effect of orbital forcing on the strength of the Indian summer monsoon. The sensitivity of the Indian monsoon to orbital forcing has important implications for any parallels drawn between Pliocene and future monsoon behaviour

Geographical Differences in the Forefoot Morphology – A Comparative Radiological Study of Feet in Malawi and UK

Background: Many skeletal morphological differences between populations have been reported with possible but unproven clinical importance. This study was aimed at identifying the normal radiographic findings and measurements seen in patients from Southern Africa and compares them to a European population’s values.Methods: AP foot radiographs of 40 adults from Blantyre, Malawi were compared with those of 40 adults from London, UK. For each patient, measurements were taken of: 1st and 2nd metatarsal lengths, the 1st/2nd intermetatarsal angle, the 1st metatarso- phalangeal angle (the ‘bunion’ angle), and the 2nd metatarsal mortice joint medial and lateral depths.Results: Our results show an increased 1st/2nd metatarsal angle in Malawian feet, but a reduced ‘bunion’ angle. We also found the second metatarsal length to be longer relative to the first in the Malawian foot, and the 2nd metatarsal base to be significantly more covered by its mortice than in UK feet.Conclusion: This racial anatomical variation may convey more stability and less risk of a Lisfranc dislocation. It is also important to be aware of the normal range of these values when considering the need for forefoot arthroplasty procedures

Modelling the mid-Pliocene warm period using HadGEM2

Here, for the first time, we present simulations of mid-Pliocene climate using a UK IPCC AR5-class model (HadGEM2). The global annual mean surface air temperature increases by 3.4∘C compared to the preindustrial control, with warming amplified towards the poles. The overall sensitivity of surface air temperature and polar amplification in response to the specification of the Pliocene boundary conditions is greater in HadGEM2 than in a previously utilised UK model (HadCM3). The simulated temperature anomaly is also at the upper range of that produced by the first phase of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project ensemble. Energy balance analysis indicates that the polar amplification of the mid-Pliocene warming in HadGEM2 is due to greenhouse gas emissivity changes and surface albedo changes. Approximately 5 × 106km2 of Arctic sea-ice is lost in the HadGEM2 Pliocene simulation and the global precipitation increases by 0.18 mm/day, these anomalies are approximately twice as large as seen in HadCM3. HadGEM2 can retain a much larger amount of soil moisture than HadCM3, such that the amount of evaporation (and precipitation) over the land surface in the mid-Pliocene simulation is not as strongly constrained by water availability. These results highlight the importance of using more recently developed climate and Earth System Models to simulate the past. They further underline that our appreciation of Pliocene climate is model dependant and ultimately limited by our physical understanding of the climate and the way this is represented in models

Improving habitats for wildlife in your backyard and neighborhood (2016)

A habitat for wildlife is as an area that provides their basic needs: food, cover or shelter, water, and space. Each habitat component is an important part of a wildlife-friendly yard. For example, providing supplemental foods for birds can create opportunities for closer observation. Building birdhouses provides nesting space to attract bluebirds, wrens, purple martins, chickadees and other species. Additionally, planting and managing for an appropriate mix of food and cover plants in proper locations can benefit wildlife, butterflies and other pollinator species. Planning ahead is crucial to developing a successful habitat. It is also helpful to understand some ecological concepts that provide the basis for implementing various management activities. This will help you identify specific habitat components that are in short supply for species of interest and address any deficiencies through active management. With proper planning, you can design habitats that suit your interests and preferences. By the same token, you can design a plan and manage habitats in your yard in such a way that prevents certain species that you consider to be a nuisance from becoming abundant.New 5/16/Web only

Fertilizer Impact on Groundwater in Utah

Water quality has become the focal point of many decisions involving crop production. Crop production depends on specific inputs including fertilizer application. Without proper fertilization a farmer cannot achieve maximum economic returns. Crop yields in Utah have been increased over 50% by nitrogen fertilizer application alone. However, increasing nitrogen application beyond that needed for optimum economic return does more harm than good. This is especially true when groundwater concerns are ressed