65 research outputs found
Thermodynamic limit for the magnetic uniform electron gas and representability of density-current pairs
Although the concept of the uniform electron gas is essential to quantum
physics, it has only been defined recently in a rigorous manner by Lewin, Lieb
and Seiringer. We extend their approach to include the magnetic case, by which
we mean that the vorticity of the gas is also held constant. Our definition
involves the grand-canonical version of the universal functional introduced by
Vignale and Rasolt in the context of current-density-functional theory. Besides
establishing the existence of the thermodynamic limit, we derive an estimate on
the kinetic energy functional that also gives a convenient answer to the
(mixed) current-density representability problem
The structure of the density-potential mapping. Part I: Standard density-functional theory
The Hohenberg-Kohn theorem of density-functional theory (DFT) is broadly considered the conceptual basis for a full characterization of an electronic system in its ground state by just the one-body particle density. Part I of this review aims at clarifying the status of the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem within DFT and Part II at different extensions of the theory that include magnetic fields. We collect evidence that the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem does not so much form the basis of DFT, but is rather the consequence of a more comprehensive mathematical framework. Such results are especially useful when it comes to the construction of generalized DFTs
The structure of the density-potential mapping. Part I: Standard density-functional theory
The Hohenberg-Kohn theorem of density-functional theory (DFT) is broadly
considered the conceptual basis for a full characterization of an electronic
system in its ground state by just the one-body particle density. Part I of
this review aims at clarifying the status of the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem within
DFT and Part II at different extensions of the theory that include magnetic
fields. We collect evidence that the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem does not so much
form the basis of DFT, but is rather the consequence of a more comprehensive
mathematical framework. Such results are especially useful when it comes to the
construction of generalized DFTs
The structure of the density-potential mapping. Part II: Including magnetic fields
The Hohenberg-Kohn theorem of density-functional theory (DFT) is broadly
considered the conceptual basis for a full characterization of an electronic
system in its ground state by just the one-body particle density. In this
Part~II of a series of two articles, we aim at clarifying the status of this
theorem within different extensions of DFT including magnetic fields. We will
in particular discuss current-density-functional theory (CDFT) and review the
different formulations known in the literature, including the conventional
paramagnetic CDFT and some non-standard alternatives. For the former, it is
known that the Hohenberg-Kohn theorem is no longer valid due to
counterexamples. Nonetheless, paramagnetic CDFT has the mathematical framework
closest to standard DFT and, just like in standard DFT, non-differentiability
of the density functional can be mitigated through Moreau-Yosida
regularization. Interesting insights can be drawn from both
Maxwell-Schr\"odinger DFT and quantum-electrodynamical DFT, which are also
discussed here
Complete Genome Sequence of Francisella endociliophora Strain FSC1006, Isolated from a Laboratory Culture of the Marine Ciliate Euplotes raikovi
A strain of Francisella endociliophora was isolated from a laboratory culture of the marine ciliate Euplotes raikovi. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the bacterial strain FSC1006 (Francisella Strain Collection, Swedish Defence Research Agency, UmeĂĄ, Sweden)
Two novel missense mutations in the myostatin gene identified in Japanese patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
BACKGROUND: Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. Truncating mutations in the myostatin gene have been reported to result in gross muscle hypertrophy. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common lethal muscle wasting disease, is a result of an absence of muscle dystrophin. Although this disorder causes a rather uniform pattern of muscle wasting, afflicted patients display phenotypic variability. We hypothesized that genetic variation in myostatin is a modifier of the DMD phenotype. METHODS: We analyzed 102 Japanese DMD patients for mutations in the myostatin gene. RESULTS: Two polymorphisms that are commonly observed in Western countries, p.55A>T and p.153K>R, were not observed in these Japanese patients. An uncommon polymorphism of p.164E>K was uncovered in four cases; each patient was found to be heterozygous for this polymorphism, which had the highest frequency of the polymorphism observed in the Japanese patients. Remarkably, two patients were found to be heterozygous for one of two novel missense mutations (p.95D>H and p.156L>I). One DMD patient carrying a novel missense mutation of p.95D>H was not phenotypically different from the non-carriers. The other DMD patient was found to carry both a novel mutation (p.156L>I) and a known polymorphism (p.164E>K) in one allele, although his phenotype was not significantly modified. Any nucleotide change creating a target site for micro RNAs was not disclosed in the 3' untranslated region. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that heterozygous missense mutations including two novel mutations did not produce an apparent increase in muscle strength in Japanese DMD cases, even in a patient carrying two missense mutations
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