The Influence of Diabetic Foot Gymnastic to Body Balance in Elderly Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Gatoel Mojokerto Hospital Diabetic Club

Diabetes mellitus suffers from insulin deficiency which inhibited the transfer of glucose to cells in body tissues that cause starvation cells an in the increase in glucose in the blood that leads to muscle weakness thus disrupt the body’s balance and increase the risk of falling. Diabetic foot exercises aim to improved blood circulation in the feet of people with diabetes mellitus, so that nutrient smoothly to the network. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of diabetic foot gymnastics on body balance elderly people with diabetes mellitus in Diabetic Club Gatoel Hospital Mojokerto in the 27 February – 25 March 2017. This research used a Quasy Experimental method with Pretest-Posttest with Control Group Design. The sampling technique used Simple Random Sampling with the sample of 17 respondents for the control group and 17 respondents for the intervention group. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test obtained p-value 0,000 < 0,05 concluded that there is an influence of diabetic foot exercises on body balance in elderly people with diabetes mellitus in Diabetic Club Gatoel Hospital Mojokerto. The study recommended that elderly people with diabetes mellitus is expected to take advantage of diabetic foot exercises as an effort to improve the balance of the body to reduce the incidence of fall

Lysophosphatidylcholines modulate immunoregulatory checkpoints in peripheral monocytes and are associated with mortality in people with acute liver failure.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening disease characterised by high-grade inflammation and immunoparesis with a high incidence of death from sepsis. Here, we aimed to describe the metabolic dysregulation in ALF and determine whether systemic immune responses are modulated via the lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC)-autotaxin(ATX)-lysophosphatidylcholinic acid (LPA) pathway. METHODS: 96 ALF patients, 71 healthy controls (HC), 104 patients with cirrhosis and 31 septic patients were recruited. The pathways of interest were identified based on multivariate statistical analysis of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) spectroscopy, untargeted ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS)-based lipidomics and validated with a targeted metabolomics panel. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with LPA 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, and their immune checkpoint surface expression was assessed by flow cytometry. LPA receptor (LPAR) transcript-level expression of monocytes was investigated and the effect of LPAR antagonism was also examined in vitro. RESULTS: LPC 16:0 was found highly discriminant between ALF and HC. There was an increase in ATX and LPA in ALF compared to HC and sepsis. LPCs 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 were reduced in ALF patients with poor prognosis. Treatment of monocytes with LPA 16:0 increased their PD-L1 expression and reduced CD155, CD163, MerTK levels, without effect on T and NK/CD56+T cells immune checkpoints. LPAR1 and 3 antagonism in culture reversed the LPA effect on monocyte expression of MerTK and CD163. MerTK and CD163, but not LPARs genes, were differently expressed and upregulated in monocytes from ALF patients compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Reduced amounts of LPCs are biomarkers of poor prognosis in patients with ALF. The LPC-ATX-LPA axis appears to modulate innate immune response in ALF via LPAR1 and LPAR3. Further investigations are required to identify novel therapeutic agents targeting these receptors. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: Liver disease is the 5th leading cause of death in the UK and rising in incidence. Acute liver failure occurs on the background of normal liver function and mostly in young adults. Acute admissions to hospital and intensive care units are rising in the UK and worldwide. We identified a metabolic signature of acute liver failure and investigated the immunometabolic role of the Lysophosphatdylcholine(LPC)-Autotaxin (ATX)-Lysophosphatidylcholinic acid (LPA) pathway in order to find a mechanistic explanation for monocyte behaviour and find possible therapeutic target(s) to modulate the systemic immune response in ALF. At present, no selective immune based therapies exist. We were able to modulate monocyte phenotype and function in vitro and aim to extend findings to murine models of ALF before could apply this treatment to patients. Future therapies may be based on the enhancement of resolution through metabolic modulation and therefore the role of specific lipids in this pathway require elucidation and the relative merits of ATX inhibition, LPAR blockade or lipid-based therapies answered. This application aims to make a step change in meeting this knowledge gap and definitively elucidate these immune-metabolic pathways using an experimental medicine approach, thus finding the most effective therapeutic targets

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi Inoculation on Growth and Uptake of Mineral Nutrition in Ipomoea aquatica

AbStrACt A green house experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza inoculation on plant growth and uptake of mineral nutrition in Ipomoea aquatica considering the objective of using environmental friendly biofertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer. A common leafy vegetable plant Ipomoea aquatica was grown with mycorrhiza and without mycorrhiza for 42 days. After harvesting the plants were analyzed for mineral nutrition concentration. Plant fresh weight, dry weight, macronutrient (P, K, Mg, Na), micronutrient (Fe, Mn, Zn) concentration was higher in arbuscular mycorrhiza inoculated plant than non-mycorrhiza inoculated plant. For sustainable agriculture, introducing biofertilizer by using arbuscular mycorrhiza inoculation would be one of the most efficient techniques for replacing chemical fertilizer to meet the nutrient deficiency in nutrient deficient soils of Bangladesh

Heavy Metal Concentration in Some Common Spices Available at Local Market as well as Branded Spicy in Chittagong Metropolitan City, Bangladesh

ABSTRACT A study has been conducted to evaluate some heavy metals concentration of spicy from local market of Chittagong metropolitan city, Bangladesh. Total 30 spicy samples of red chili or chili red, coriander, turmeric were collected from five different spots (Khatungonj, Chakbazar, Muradpur, Baluchora, Amanbazar) under Chittagong metropolitan city and metals as Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Fe concentration were measured. Metal concentration in red chili, coriander, turmeric were found as increasing order as Cu<Cr<Zn<Mn<Fe, Cu<Cr<Mn<Zn<Fe, Cu<Cr<Mn<Zn<Fe respectively. But the distribution of metal concentration in spicy of Chittagong metropolitan city was varied among the spots. Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Fe concentrations among the sampling spots followed the following attenuating order as Chakbazar >Khatungonj >Muradpur >Baluchora >Amanbazar, Khatungonj >Chakbazar >Amanbazar >Muradpur >Baluchora, Khatungonj >Chakbazar >Baluchora >Amanbazar >Muradpur, Khatungonj >Chakbazar >Muradpur >Amanbazar >Baluchora, Khatungonj >Chakbazar > Baluchora >Amanbazar >Muradpur respectively. So, spicy of Khatungonj was the highly contaminated with metal followed by chakbazar spicy and least metal concentrated spicy was in Amanbazar at Chittagong city. According to WHO (World Health Organization), Cr and Fe concentrations exceeded the permissible limit of heavy metals in spicy but other metal concentrations was within tolerable limit. The current research's findings will convey a strong message for the government body, policy maker to establish rules and regulation in order to protect food chain contamination, environment pollution and will be helpful for public awareness. An immediate attention from the concerned authorities is required in order to protect food chain contamination and environment pollution

Assessment of Flood Hazard Mapping Based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS: Application in Kencong District, Jember Regency, Indonesia

Flood is one of the most frequent hydrometeorological disasters which leads in economic losses. The first step in flood disaster mitigation efforts is mapping vulnerable areas. Kencong District frequently affected by the annual flooding event. This study aims to assess flood hazard mapping by integrating the AHP method and Geographic Information System. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach through the correlation matrix of the AHP model for each physical environmental factor. These factors include slope, altitude, distance from the river, soil type, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), and Curvature. Furthermore, with the Geographic Information System (GIS), the weighted overlay stage was carried out to obtain the results of flood-prone areas. Based on the AHP analysis, the most significant factors in determining flood-prone areas were the distance from rivers, slopes, and TWI. The results of flood-prone areas mapping were divided into five classes: from deficient 0.02%, low 4.26%, medium 37.11%, high 51.89%, and very high 6.72%. Validation of GIS mapping results with data in the field has an AUC value of 84%, which indicates that the prediction of the AHP-GIS model is perfect in flood-prone areas mapping in the Kencong District. The integration of AHP method and Geographic Information System in flood hazard assessment were able to produce a model to evaluate the spatial distribution of flood-prone areas. Keywords : Flood Hazard Mapping; Multi-criteria decision analysis; AHP Model; GIS; Jember   Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International Licens