Dynamical symmetry breaking of SU(6) GUT in 5-dimensional spacetime with orbifold S1/Z2

The symmetry breaking of 5-dimensional SU(6) GUT into 4-dimensional SU(3) x SU(3) x U(1) with orbifold S1/Z2 through Scherk-Schwarz mechanism is investigated. It is shown that the origin of Little Higgs can be generated to further break SU(3) x SU(3) x U(1) down to the electroweak scale through Higgs mechanism.Comment: 4 page

Proton decay in 5D SU(6) GUT with orbifold S^1/Z_2 breaking in Scherk-Schwarz mechanism

Proton decay within 5-dimensional SU(6) GUT with orbifold S^1/Z_2 breaking is investigated using Scherk-Schwarz mechanism. It is shown that in the model neither leptoquark like heavy gauge bosons nor violation of baryon number conservation are allowed due to the orbifold breaking parity splitting. These results prevent too short proton lifetime within the model.Comment: 6 pages, Proceeding of the Conference in Honour of Murray Gell-Mann's 80th Birthday : Quantum Mechanics, Elementary Particles, Quantum Cosmology, Complexity (2011) 544-54

Sterile neutrinos, lepton asymmetries, primordial elements: how much of each?

We investigate quantitatively the extent to which having a primordial leptonic asymmetry (n_nu \neq n_nubar) relaxes the bounds on light sterile neutrinos imposed by BBN and LSS. We adopt a few assumptions that allow us to solve the neutrino evolution equations over a broad range of mixing parameters and asymmetries. For the general cases of sterile mixing with the electron or muon neutrino, we identify the regions that can be reopened. For the particular case of a LSND-like sterile neutrino, soon to be rejected or confirmed by MiniBooNE, we find that an asymmetry of the order of 10^-4 is needed to lift the conflicts with cosmology.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures. v2: References and minor comments added. Matches version published on PR

Adaptasi Dan Stabilitas Hasil Delapan Varietas Lokal Padi Sawah

Adaptation and Yield Stability of Eight Local Lowland Varieties. Abd. Azis Syarif and Syahrul Zen. The availability of improved rice variety adapted to high altitude areas and suitable for consumers preference in West Sumatra is very limited. Majority of rice farmers in high altitude area in West Sumatra grow many adapted local varieties. This activity aimed at estimating yield adaptability and stability of selected local varieties as a requirement for variety release. The yield and other agronomic traits of eight local and one improved varieties (Batang Sumani) were evaluated at six locations in Solok District, using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at each location. Regression technique of varietal yields at each location on environmental index (mean yield of all varieties at correspondent location) was used to assess the adaptability and stability of particular varieties. The results showed that local varieties of Caredek Putih and Caredek Merah gave the highest mean yields, 5.39 and 5.18 t/ha (13.87 and 9.28% higher than that of improved check variety) respectively. These varieties were found to be stable, indicated by non significantly different of their regression coefficient from 1.0 and deviation from regression from 0.0

Peluang Perbaikan Varietas Lokal Padi Gogo Pasaman Barat

Local varietyis the major component in upland rice cultivation as well asbreeding material in variety improve-ment. Local upland ricevarieties have been adapted to specific location, preferred andadopted by farmers although they are late in maturity. Thesereasons make it majority of farmers in West Pasaman District(West Sumatra) still cultivate local upland rice varieties. Toknow the yield potential and agronomic characters of widelycultivated of upland rice in West Pasaman District, a varietytrial conducted in 2010. Five local varieties and one improvevariety planted a Randomized complete block arrangementwith three replications. Observa-tion conducted on agronomiccharacters and yield and yield components. The results showedthat local variteies were tall (153-171 cm) and late maturity(130-157 days). The local varieties also showed higher numberof spikelet/panicle (249-454) lighter 1.000 grains weight (<20g) and higher yield than improved variety (4.27-5.51 comparedto 2.85 t/ha). In general all plant characters showed highheritability estimate (except number of productive tiller/hillr).High estimated of genetic variation coefficient and geneticadvance were shown on number of grain per panicle. Based onthese genetic parameters, selection at early generation for highyield can conducted on number of grain per panicle

Nuclear matrix elements for neutrinoless double-beta decay and double-electron capture

A new generation of neutrinoless double beta decay experiments with improved sensitivity is currently under design and construction. They will probe inverted hierarchy region of the neutrino mass pattern. There is also a revived interest to the resonant neutrinoless double-electron capture, which has also a potential to probe lepton number conservation and to investigate the neutrino nature and mass scale. The primary concern are the nuclear matrix elements. Clearly, the accuracy of the determination of the effective Majorana neutrino mass from the measured 0\nu\beta\beta-decay half-life is mainly determined by our knowledge of the nuclear matrix elements. We review recent progress achieved in the calculation of 0\nu\beta\beta and 0\nu ECEC nuclear matrix elements within the quasiparticle random phase approximation. A considered self-consistent approach allow to derive the pairing, residual interactions and the two-nucleon short-range correlations from the same modern realistic nucleon-nucleon potentials. The effect of nuclear deformation is taken into account. A possibility to evaluate 0\nu\beta\beta-decay matrix elements phenomenologically is discussed.Comment: 24 pages; 80 references. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1101.214

Water and Chlorophyll Content and Leaf Anatomy of Patchouli Planlet (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) Resulted by Shoot-tip Culture Experience Hyperhydricity After Treatment of Modification Ammonium Nitrate or Macro Salt Concentration on MS Medium (Murashige Skoog)

Hyperhydricity is a symptom of abnormal morphological and physiological function which inhibits the regeneration of plantlets. In general, the main symptom of hyperhydricity is a change in the condition of the plantlets which looks clear (Glassy) as a result of low levels of chlorophyll, the high water content in the plantlets, and the abnormal anatomical structure of the leaves. Hyperhydricity can be controlled by reducing cytokinin concentration, increasing gelling agent concentration, and reducing ammonium nitrate and macro salt concentration on medium. Objective of this research was to reduce hyperhydricity in shoot tip culture of patchouli by modification of ammonium nitrate and macro salt concentration on MS medium. The various treatment concentrations of ammonium nitrate were 0 mg.L-1 (0), 41.25 mg.L-1 (¼ concentration), 825 mg.L-1 (½ concentration), 1650 mg.L-1 (1 concentration) and macro salt MS with 0, ¼ MS, ½ MS, MS with 5 replications. Hyperhydricity on patchouli shoots could be lowered, as indicated by the decrease in water content from 96% to 90-91%, the increase in total chlorophyll content, and the increased number of palisade cells and stomata on the leaf treatment outcome. The concentration treatment of ammonium nitrate showed better results than the concentration of macros salt in increasing the total chlorophyll content, but it did not differ significantly in lowering water levels and increasing the number of palisade cells and stomata. ¼x concentration treatment of ammonium nitrate could increase chlorophyll content of 0.16 to 0.97 mg.g-1, but MS with 1x concentration showed the best result in the increase of number of palisade cells and stomata of the leaves

Ice Formation on Kaolinite: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations

The formation of ice affects many aspects of our everyday life as well as technologies such as cryotherapy and cryopreservation. Foreign substances almost always aid water freezing through heterogeneous ice nucleation, but the molecular details of this process remain largely unknown. In fact, insight into the microscopic mechanism of ice formation on different substrates is difficult to obtain even via state-of-the-art experimental techniques. At the same time, atomistic simulations of heterogeneous ice nucleation frequently face extraordinary challenges due to the complexity of the water-substrate interaction and the long timescales that characterize nucleation events. Here, we have investigated several aspects of molecular dynamics simulations of heterogeneous ice nucleation considering as a prototypical ice nucleating material the clay mineral kaolinite, which is of relevance in atmospheric science. We show via seeded molecular dynamics simulations that ice nucleation on the hydroxylated (001) face of kaolinite proceeds exclusively via the formation of the hexagonal ice polytype. The critical nucleus size is two times smaller than that obtained for homogeneous nucleation at the same supercooling. Previous findings suggested that the flexibility of the kaolinite surface can alter the time scale for ice nucleation within molecular dynamics simulations. However, we here demonstrate that equally flexible (or non flexible) kaolinite surfaces can lead to very different outcomes in terms of ice formation, according to whether or not the surface relaxation of the clay is taken into account. We show that very small structural changes upon relaxation dramatically alter the ability of kaolinite to provide a template for the formation of a hexagonal overlayer of water molecules at the water-kaolinite interface, and that this relaxation therefore determines the nucleation ability of this mineral

Hubungan Asupan Energi Dan Protein Dengan Status Gizi Narapidana Umum (Studi Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas I Semarang Tahun 2016)

Narapidana mempunyai hak mendapatkan makanan yang layak sama halnya manusia pada umumnya. Hasil penelitian di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata sisa makanan narapidana sebesar 86,2%. Energi dan protein yang terbuang sebesar 54,3% dan 10%. Sebagian besar narapidana tidak mengkonsumsi energi dan protein yang cukup sehingga dapat mempengaruhi status gizi narapidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan asupan energi dan protein dengan status gizi narapidana umum di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Klas I Semarang. Desain penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebesar 65 narapidana. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara menimbang makanan selama tiga hari tidak berurutan dan menggunakan semikuantitatif frekuensi pangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata asupan energi responden 2030,77 ± 471,467 kkal dan rerata asupan protein 66,59 ± 12,557 g. Sebagian besar responden memiliki status gizi kurang sebesar 55,3%. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kecukupan energi responden sebagian besar kurang (53,8%) dan seluruh tingkat kecukupan protein responden kurang (100%). Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Rank Spearman menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan asupan energi dengan status gizi (p value = 0,001 dan koefisien korelasi (r) = 0,713) dan ada hubungan asupan protein dengan status gizi (p value = 0,001 dan koefisien korelasi (r) = 0,721). Lembaga pemasyarakatan disarankan memberikan adanya variasi menu agar terpenuhinya kebutuhan gizi seimbang pada narapidana

Identificação de nematoides em abacaxizeiro no Municipio de Mari, Paraiba.

Dada a importancia da abacaxicultura no Estado da Paraiba e a pouca informação sobre a presença de nematoides associados a este cultivo, coletaram-se 10 amostras de raizes e 13 de solo da rizosfera de abacaxizeiro (Ananas comosus) cultivares Perola e Smooth Cayenne, no Municipio de Mari, para analise nematologica. Foram verificadas as especies Pratylenchus brachyurus, Meloidogyne incognita, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Helicotylenchus dinystera, Macroposthonia ornata, Tylenchorhynchus sp. e Tylenchus sp. Observaram-se altas populações de Pratylenchus brachyurus associadas a um sistema radicular reduzido e a plantas pouco desenvolvidas sendo este nematoide o principal problema nematologico do abacaxizeiro no Estado da Paraiba.bitstream/item/44150/1/ZEN.pd