4,784 research outputs found
Inverse wing design in transonic flow including viscous interaction
Several inverse methods were compared and initial results indicate that differences in results are primarily due to coordinate systems and fuselage representations and not to design procedures. Further, results from a direct-inverse method that includes 3-D wing boundary layer effects, wake curvature, and wake displacement are represented. These results show that boundary layer displacements must be included in the design process for accurate results
Method of decontaminating a contaminated fluid by using photocatalytic particles
A system for decontaminating the contaminated fluid by using photocatalytic particles. The system includes a reactor tank for holding the contaminated fluid and the photocatalytic particles suspended in the contaminated fluid to form a slurry. Light irradiates the surface of the slurry, thereby activating the photocatalytic properties of the particles. The system also includes stirring blades for continuously agitating the irradiated fluid surface and for maintaining the particles in a suspended state within the fluid. The system also includes a cross flow filter for segregating the fluid (after decomposition) from the semiconductor powder. The cross flow filter is occasionally back flushed to remove any semiconductor powder that might have caked on the filter. The semiconductor powder may be recirculated back to the tank for reuse, or may be stored for future use. A series of such systems may be used to gradually decompose a chemical in the fluid. Preferably, the fluid is pretreated to remove certain metal ions which interfere with the photocatalytic process. Such pretreatment may be accomplished by dispersing semiconductor particles within the fluid, which adsorb ions or photodeposit the metal as the free metal or its insoluble oxide or hydroxide, and then removing the semiconductor particles together with the adsorbed metal ions/oxides/hydroxide/free metal from the fluid. A method of decontaminating a contaminated fluid is also disclosed
Apparatus for photocatalytic treatment of liquids
Apparatus for decontaminating a contaminated fluid by using photocatalytic particles. The apparatus includes a reactor tank for holding a slurry of the contaminated fluid and the photocatalytic particles ultraviolet light irradiates the surface of the slurry, thereby activating the photocatalytic properties of the particles. Stirring blades for continuously agitate the irradiated fluid surface maintaining the particles in a suspended state within the fluid. A cross flow filter is used for separating the fluid from the semiconductor powder after the decomposition reaction is ended. The cross flow filter is occasionally back flushed to remove any caked semiconductor powder. The semiconductor powder may be recirculated back to the tank for reuse, or may be stored for future use. A series of reactor tanks may be used to gradually decompose a chemical in the fluid. The fluid may be pretreated to remove certain metal ions which interfere with the photocatalytic process. Such pretreatment may be accomplished by dispersing semiconductor particles within the fluid, which particles adsorb ions or photodeposit the metal as the free metal or its insoluble oxide or hydroxide, and then removing the semiconductor particles together with the adsorbed metal ions/oxides/hydroxide/free metal from the fluid
Freezing Injury of Seed Corn
The object of the investigations in this bulletin has been to determine the conditions under which freezing injury may occur to seed corn; to indicate, if possible, the vital changes in the embryo resulting in such injury; and to point out ways by which seed corn of strong vitality and satisfactory yielding capacity may be obtained
Diffusion versus linear ballistic accumulation: different models but the same conclusions about psychological processes?
Quantitative models for response time and accuracy are increasingly used as tools to draw conclusions about psychological processes. Here we investigate the extent to which these substantive conclusions depend on whether researchers use the Ratcliff diffusion model or the Linear Ballistic Accumulator model. Simulations show that the models agree on the effects of changes in the rate of information accumulation and changes in non-decision time, but that they disagree on the effects of changes in response caution. In fits to empirical data, however, the models tend to agree closely on the effects of an experimental manipulation of response caution. We discuss the implications of these conflicting results, concluding that real manipulations of caution map closely, but not perfectly to response caution in either model. Importantly, we conclude that inferences about psychological processes made from real data are unlikely to depend on the model that is used
Evolution of the bulk properties, structure, magnetic order, and superconductivity with Ni doping in CaFe2-xNixAs2
Magnetization, susceptibility, specific heat, resistivity, neutron and x-ray
diffraction have been used to characterize the properties of single crystalline
CaFe2-xNixAs2 as a function of Ni doping for x varying from 0 to 0.1. The
combined first-order structural and magnetic phase transitions occur together
in the undoped system at 172 K, with a small decrease in the area of the a-b
plane along with an abrupt increase in the length of the c-axis in the
orthorhombic phase. With increasing x the ordered moment and transition
temperature decrease, but the transition remains sharp at modest doping while
the area of the a-b plane quickly decreases and then saturates. Warming and
cooling data in the resistivity and neutron diffraction indicate hysteresis of
~2 K. At larger doping the transition is more rounded, and decreases to zero
for x=0.06. The susceptibility is anisotropic for all values of x. Electrical
resistivity for x = 0.053 and 0.06 shows a superconducting transition with an
onset of nearly 15 K which is further corroborated by substantial diamagnetic
susceptibility. For the fully superconducting sample there is no long range
magnetic order and the structure remains tetragonal at all temperature, but
there is an anomalous increase in the area of the a-b plane in going to low T.
Heat capacity data show that the density of states at the Fermi level increases
for x > 0.053 as inferred from the value of Sommerfeld coefficient. The regime
of superconductivity is quite restrictive, with a maximum TC of 15 K and an
upper critical field Hc2=14 T. Superconductivity disappears in the overdoped
region.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
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