Type and breed as factors effecting taste and consumer preference of beef

The primary objectives of this study were: 1. To determine if type and breed are factors that influence taste panel and consumer preference of beef. 2. To compare consumer preferences to technical taste panel scores of meat from the same animals. 3. To determine whether consumer preference and taste panel scores are influenced by carcass grade, marbling, tenderness, amount of chemical fat, shear and specific gravity

Eradication of Exotic Weeds in Australia: Comparing Effort and Expenditure

Weeds have many adverse impacts on agriculture and the environment and therefore are often targets of eradication attempts. Eradication attempts involve large commitments of labour and financial resources over significant periods of time. Using data from 12 Australian weed eradication attempts the authors compare work hours and expenditure on each attempt for various initial-infestation sizes. Analysis of a limited data set shows: (1) that while the eradication effort increases with the initial area of infestation, the effort applied per hectare actually decreases; (2) that application of a greater work effort was not the reason why completed eradications were successful; and (3) that the larger the initial infestation size, the smaller the amount of resources applied per hectare for eradication.weeds, eradication, work effort, expenditure, infestation size, Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Natural history of Plasmodium odocoilei malaria infection in farmed white-tailed deer

ABSTRACT White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), an ecologically and economically important species, are the most widely distributed large animals in North America. A recent study indicated that up to 25% of all white-tailed deer may be infected with Plasmodium odocoilei, a malaria parasite belonging to the distinct clade of ungulate-infecting Plasmodium spp. Because the clinical impact of P. odocoilei on deer health and survival is unknown, we undertook a retrospective longitudinal study of farmed Floridian O. virginianus fawns. We found that a substantial proportion (21%) of fawns acquire malaria infection during the first 8 months of life. Some animals naturally clear P. odocoilei infection, while other animals remain persistently positive. Importantly, we found that animals that acquire malaria parasites very early in life have poor survival compared to animals that remain uninfected. Our report thus provides the first evidence of a clinically significant impact of malaria infection in young deer. IMPORTANCE Malaria parasites of the genus Plasmodium are known to infect a variety of vertebrate hosts, including ungulates (hoofed mammals). A recent study found that up to a quarter of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in North America are infected with the parasite Plasmodium odocoilei. In addition to occupying an important ecological niche, white-tailed deer are popular game animals and deer farming represents a rapidly growing industry. However, the effect of P. odocoilei infection in this ecologically and economically important ungulate species is unknown. Our work is significant because (i) we identified a high prevalence of P. odocoilei in farmed deer and (ii) we found evidence for both cleared and persistent infection, as well as an association with decreased survival of young fawns

Preliminary study of minimum performance approaches to automated Mars sample return missions Final report, 19 Oct. - 20 Nov. 1970

Alternative mission/system approaches to automated Mars surface sample return based on utilization of Titan 3 or Saturn Intermediate-20 launch vehicle

Rechargeable Batteries Including High-Voltage Cathode and Redox Shuttle Conferring Overcharge Protection

Compounds for use as photoredox catalysts and as redox shuttles in a rechargeable battery having a high-voltage cathode providing overcharge protection capabilities are provided, including a compound according to the formula: (see patent for formula) wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkoxyaryl, alkylcarboxyl, aryl carbonyl, haloalkyl, perfluoroalkyl, glycols, haloaryl, a negative electrolyte, and a polymer

Modifications à la psychothérapie focalisée sur le transfert (PFT) pour le traitement des adolescents avec une identité diffuse

Cet article présente une version modifiée de la psychothérapie focalisée sur le transfert (PFT) appliquée aux adolescents démontrant une identité diffuse. Cette méthode a déjà démontré son efficacité auprès d’adultes souffrant d’importants problèmes de diffusion de l’identité. Nous signalons l’importance de distinguer la crise identitaire normale à l’adolescence de la diffusion de l’identité, afin de bien repérer les adolescents qui pourraient bénéficier de ce traitement. Les principales modifications apportées à la PFT pour s’adapter aux adolescents impliquent divers changements : des changements quant à la fréquence et à la durée de certaines techniques particulières (par exemple une clarification accrue ; une plus grande attention aux relations extra-transférentielles avant d’aborder directement le transfert), des changements quant aux tactiques (par exemple l’inclusion de la famille à l’étape de l’évaluation et dans le contrat qui établit les phases de traitement, l’inclusion d’interventions de soutien dans le milieu tout en gardant la position analytique au cours des séances), des changements quant aux stratégies (par exemple tenter de lever les blocages qui nuisent au développement normal de l’intégration de l’identité, plutôt que de « forcer la maturation »). Le traitement vise à améliorer les relations de l’adolescent avec ses amis, ses parents et ses professeurs ; à clarifier ses objectifs dans la vie ; à acquérir une estime de lui-même et à être mieux préparé à s’investir dans les relations amoureuses.This paper is an introduction to a treatment for adolescents with identity diffusion that has been modified from a therapy that has been found to be effective in the treatment of adults with significant identity diffusion, namely, Transference Focused Psychotherapy. The central role of differentiating normal Identity Crisis from Identity Diffusion in adolescents, essential to accurately identifying those adolescents appropriate for this treatment, is articulated. The primary modifications of TFP for adolescent treatment described involve changes in frequency and duration of some of the specific techniques (e.g. increased clarification ; more work in the extra-transferential relationships before directly addressing the transference), tactics (e.g. inclusion of family during the assessment phase and treatment contract setting phases of treatment ; inclusion of supportive interventions in the environment while maintaining the analytic stance in sessions), and strategies (e.g. the goal of removing blockages to the development of normal identity integration, not "forced maturation"). This treatment aims to improve adolescent’s relationships with friends, parents, and teachers ; help clarify life goals ; acquire positive self-esteem ; and be better prepared for entering love relation ships.Este artículo presenta una versión modificada de la psicoterapia focalizada en la transferencia (PFT) aplicada en los adolescentes que presentan una identidad difusa. Este método ya ha demostrado su eficacia en los adultos con importantes problemas de difusión de la identidad. Señalamos la importancia de hacer la distinción entre la crisis de identidad normal en la adolescencia y la difusión de la identidad, a fin de localizar bien a los adolescentes que podrían beneficiarse con este tratamiento. Las principales modificaciones aportadas a la PFT para adaptarse a los adolescentes descritos implican diversos cambios: cambios en cuanto a la frecuencia y duración de ciertas técnicas particulares (por ejemplo, una clarificación aumentada; una mayor atención a las relaciones extra-transferenciales antes de abordar directamente la transferencia), los cambios en cuanto a las tácticas (por ejemplo, la inclusión de la familia en la etapa de la evaluación y en el contrato que establece las fases del tratamiento, la inclusión de intervenciones de apoyo en el medio al mismo tiempo que se mantiene la posición analítica en el curso de las sesiones), los cambios en cuanto a las estrategias (por ejemplo, intentar remover los bloqueos que perjudican el desarrollo normal de la integración de la identidad, en lugar de “forzar la maduración”). El tratamiento busca mejorar las relaciones del adolescente con sus amigos, padres y profesores; clarificar sus objetivos en la vida; adquirir una estima de sí mismo y estar mejor preparado para comprometerse en las relaciones amorosas.Este artigo apresenta uma versão modificada da psicoterapia focalizada na transferência (PFT) aplicada em adolescentes que demostram ter uma identidade difusa. Este método já mostrou sua eficácia junto a adultos que sofrem de problemas graves de difusão da identidade. Chamamos a atenção para a importância de distinguir a crise identitária normal da adolescência da difusão da identidade, para detectar corretamente os adolescentes que poderiam se beneficiar deste tratamento. As principais modificações feitas na PFT para adaptá-la aos adolescentes descritos implicam várias mudanças: quanto à freqüência e à duração de algumas técnicas singulares (por exemplo, uma maior clarificação; uma maior atenção às relações extra-transferenciais antes de abordar diretamente a transferência), mudanças quanto às táticas (por exemplo, a inclusão da família na etapa da avaliação e no contrato que estabelece as fases do tratamento, a inclusão de intervenções de apoio no meio, mantendo a posição analítica durante as sessões), mudanças quanto às estratégias (por exemplo, tentar retirar bloqueios que atrapalham o desenvolvimento normal da integração da identidade, ao invés de “forçar a amadurecimento”). O tratamento visa melhorar as relações dos adolescentes com seus amigos, pais e professores; a esclarecer seus objetivos na vida; a adquirir auto-estima e estar melhor preparado para investir nas relações amorosas

CPAs And Electronic Survey Media

Gathering and utilizing data about customers and other stakeholders has become vital to maintaining competitiveness in today’s business world. With the ongoing expansion of the Internet, new methods for data collection are available. The success of utilizing new methods depends on the technological capabilities of the audience from whom data are sought.  One group of business professionals perceived to possess above average technological skills is practicing Certified Public Accountants (CPAs). A study was designed to measure the response rates of CPAs to different survey administration methods. This study compares one traditional survey method (regular mail) with newer methods for collecting survey data (e-mail and WWW form)