Analysis of Wigner energy release process in graphite stack of shut-down uranium-graphite reactor

Data, which finding during thermal differential analysis of sampled irradiated graphite are presented. Results of computational modeling of Winger energy release process from irradiated graphite staking are demonstrated. It's shown, that spontaneous combustion of graphite possible only in adiabatic case

Capability assessment for application of clay mixture as barrier material for irradiated zirconium alloy structure elements long-term processing for storage during decommissioning of uranium-graphite nuclear reactors

The radionuclide composition and the activity level of the irradiated zirconium alloy E110, the radionuclide immobilization strength and the retention properties of the mixed clay barrier material with respect to the radionuclides identified in the alloy were investigated to perform the safety assessment of handling structural units of zirconium alloy used for the technological channels in uranium-graphite reactors. The irradiated zirconium alloy waste contained the following activation products:{93m}Nb and the long-lived {94}Nb, {93}Zr radionuclides. Radionuclides of {60}Co, {137}Cs, {90}Sr, and actinides were also present in the alloy. In the course of the runs no leaching of niobium and zirconium isotopes from the E110 alloy was detected. Leach rates were observed merely for {60}Co and {137}Cs present in the deposits formed on the internal surface of technological channels. The radionuclides present were effectively adsorbed by the barrier material. To ensure the localization of radionuclides in case of the radionuclide migration from the irradiated zirconium alloy into the barrier material, the sorption properties were determined of the barrier material used for creating the long-term storage point for the graphite stack from uranium-graphite reactors

Biodiversity of Sciaridae (Diptera) in Ukraine

Sciarids (Diptera, Sciaridae) or black fungus gnats are small, mainly dark coloured insects whose larvae usually develop in rotting plant remains permeated by fungal hyphae. Typical habitats for sciarids are shaded forests and wet meadows, but some species can migrate from natural biotopes to anthropogenic ecosystems and live as synanthropes. We have investigated ecological and chorological features of sciarids in Ukraine since 2012. Within this work, we collected imagoes during expeditions and excursions in different biotopes using the Malaise trap, by the method of sweeping and with exhauster directly from substrate. Collected imagoes were placed into 5 mL vials with 70% ethanol. In the lab fixed material was dehydrated in absolute ethanol and mounted on the slides in Euparal. Previous registrations are based on 6 field collections, two of them were carried out in the XIX century, 4 observations of “army worms” and two pest records. From published material of these collections 78 sciarid species were known from 17 genera in 8 more or less specified localities of Ukraine. Our sciarid study in the country expanded the data on registered sciarids by adding 18 new species and enriched information about the distribution of sciarids by 86 new findings of previously known species in 12 regions (Volyn, Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kharkiv, Khmelnytsk, Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne and Ternopil) of Ukraine. The current checklist of Sciaridae of Ukraine contains 96 species from 17 genera in 168 localities. Through comparison with Germany, whose sciarid fauna is studied much better, for Ukraine we can predict the presence approximately 400 sciarid species, so the species diversity of Sciaridae in Ukraine still poorly known for the known species does not exceed 25 percent of presumed existing species here. The majority of sciarid findings are registered in different types of broadleaf forest biotopes, only a few species have been found also in grassland habitats. Some sciarid species show synanthropic attraction and have been registered in anthropogenic habitats, for example Bradysia fenestralis (pest of cultivated plants in greenhouses), Corynoptera dentiforceps, Scatopsciara atomaria and Corynoptera tridentata. Larvae of Bradysia placida develop in rotten wood, also development of Corynoptera membranigera preimaginal phases possibly takes place in the fruit bodies of fungi (Neoboletus luridiformis, Russula sp.) and Mycetozoa (Fuligo septica)

The research of antibacterial properties of decamethoxin, decasan, horosten

The study of Staphylococcus resistance to the antibacterial drugs Decamethoxin, Decasan, Horosten remains an important medical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the antistaphylococcal properties of Decamethoxin, Decasan, Horosten. It has been proven that qaterinary ammonium antiseptic drugs (Decamethoxin, Decasan, Horosten) have high antistaphylococcal properties. The bactericidal activity of Decamethoxin has been shown to be stable under adverse pH conditions of different microbial loading. Different concentrations of Decamethoxine have been shown to cause the formation of resistant variants of Staphylococcus, which lose the ability to form pigments and enzymes

Capability assessment for application of clay mixture as barrier material for irradiated zirconium alloy structure elements long-term processing for storage during decommissioning of uranium-graphite nuclear reactors

The radionuclide composition and the activity level of the irradiated zirconium alloy E110, the radionuclide immobilization strength and the retention properties of the mixed clay barrier material with respect to the radionuclides identified in the alloy were investigated to perform the safety assessment of handling structural units of zirconium alloy used for the technological channels in uranium-graphite reactors. The irradiated zirconium alloy waste contained the following activation products:{93m}Nb and the long-lived {94}Nb, {93}Zr radionuclides. Radionuclides of {60}Co, {137}Cs, {90}Sr, and actinides were also present in the alloy. In the course of the runs no leaching of niobium and zirconium isotopes from the E110 alloy was detected. Leach rates were observed merely for {60}Co and {137}Cs present in the deposits formed on the internal surface of technological channels. The radionuclides present were effectively adsorbed by the barrier material. To ensure the localization of radionuclides in case of the radionuclide migration from the irradiated zirconium alloy into the barrier material, the sorption properties were determined of the barrier material used for creating the long-term storage point for the graphite stack from uranium-graphite reactors

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ АНТИМІКРОБНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ КОНСЕРВАНТІВ З МЕТОЮ РОЗРОБКИ СКЛАДУ КОМБІНОВАНОГО ГЕЛЮ ДЛЯ МІСЦЕВОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ ОПІКІВ

The aim of the work. Investigation of the preservatives antimicrobial activity in the gel samples based on water extraction from xenoderm and with lidocaine hydrochloride for topical treatment of burns. Materials and methods. The study used the method of evaluating the effectiveness of antimicrobial preservatives in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. The following microorganisms were used as test cultures: Staphylococcus аureus АТСС 25923, Escherichia сoli 055К59 №3912/41, Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 2853 (F51), Candida albicans АТСС 885-653, Aspergіllus brasіlіensіs АТСС 16404. Results and Discussion. As a result of the conducted research, the effectiveness of the investigated antimicrobial preservatives (nipagine/nipazole, cosgard, phenylethyl alcohol, benzalkonium chloride) of different concentrations in the gel samples based on water extraction from xenoderm and with lidocaine hydrochloride was established. The tested gel samples meet the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine (second edition, volume 1, section 5.1.3) for the indicator “Antimicrobial preservative efficacy” for medicinal products for external use. Conclusion. As a result of the conducted research, the most suitable preservative was selected phenylethyl alcohol at a concentration of 0.4%, which is due to its high antimicrobial activity in this pharmaceutical composition, physiological safety, economy, and the possibility of its use as a flavoring.Мета роботи. Дослідження активності антимікробних консервантів у зразках гелів з водним витягом з ксенодерми та лідокаїну гідрохлоридом для місцевого лікування опіків. Матеріали і методи. При дослідженні використовували методику оцінки ефективності антимікробних консервантів відповідно до вимог ДФУ. Як тест-культури використовували наступні мікроорганізми: Staphylococcus аureus АТСС 25923, Escherichia сoli 055К59 №3912/41, Pseudomonas aeruginosa АТСС 2853 (F51), Candida albicans АТСС 885-653, Aspergіllus brasіlіensіs АТСС 16404. Результати й обговорення: У результаті проведених досліджень встановлена ефективність досліджуваних антимікробних консервантів (ніпагін/ніпазол, cosgard, спирт фенілетиловий, бензалконію хлорид) різних концентрацій у модельних зразках гелів з водним витягом з ксенодерми та лідокаїном гідрохлоридом. Досліджувані зразки гелів відповідають вимогам ДФУ (друге вид., том 1, п. 5.1.3) за показником “Ефективність антимікробних консервантів” для лікарських засобів для зовнішнього застосування. Висновок. У результаті проведених досліджень найбільш прийнятним консервантом обрано спирт фенілетиловий у концентрації 0,4 %, що зумовлено його високою антимікробною активністю у даній фармацевтичній композиції, фізіологічною безпечністю, економічністю, а також можливістю його використання у ролі ароматизатора

Experimental Simulation of the Radionuclide Behaviour in the Process of Creating Additional Safety Barriers in Solid Radioactive Waste Repositories Containing Irradiated Graphite

Results of the experimental modeling of radionuclide behavior when creating additional safety barriers in solid radioactive waste repositories are presented. The experiments were run on the repository mockup containing solid radioactive waste fragments including irradiated graphite. The repository mockup layout is given; the processes with radionuclides that occur during the barrier creation with a clayey solution and during the following barrier operation are investigated. The results obtained confirm high anti-migration and anti-filtration properties of clay used for the barrier creation even under the long-term excessive water saturation of rocks confining the repository

POTENTIAL OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF UKRAINE IN THE GEOECONOMIC SPACE OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY

The article defines the dominant criteria for the functional symbiosis of macro-regional and local-regional systems with a large number of producers of tourism products. A macroeconomic model was developed for calculating the integrated index of international cooperation of the country in the European geoeconomic space of the tourism industry based on standardized variable indicators. A detailed analysis of the development of the tourism industry in Ukraine was carried out, with the determination of the scope of tourist flows in the pre-war period and during the war period. The forecast dynamics of the development of the potential of international cooperation of Ukraine in the geo-economic space of macro-regional systems of Europe are provided