Water related environmental issues in central asia

This article addresses the need for a sustainable water resource management in the Central Asian region with a hot, dry and continental climate. This research and its results meet sustainable development’s goals and also specifically the potential to solve or softening consequences of the Aral Sea ecological disaster. The urgency of this concern is felt most deeply in areas lacking potable water, most notably the larger Aral Sea region. During the long summer (from May until October) water consumption increases sharply and water sources cannot meet the demand. Intensive water use and sharply increasing of the water demand misbalances water flow in the main rivers as Syr Darya and Amu Darya which feed the Aral Sea. The primary challenge facing water supply and sustainability specialists in Central Asia and specifically in Uzbekistan is to balance competing water supply demand and water sources preservation in the region. Among these demands is the urgency of halting further depletion of water in the Aral Sea, and, ideally, to augment the water in that basin. But there is also the need to develop high quality water delivery systems for human and industrial use. And, of course, there is the question of what water can be left for the agricultural sector of the dry and hot temperature region to irrigate its crops or just sustainable water resources management. This study will address water-related issues in the Central Asian Republics with special emphasis on the Republic of Tajikistan. The authors analyse a current situation and describe the factors that contribute to these issues and will provide recommendations for alleviating the Aral Sea disaster. Authors offer to solve this problem with wider team from different fields

Two nucleon momentum distributions mea sured in 3He(e; e0pp)n

We have measured the 3He(e,e′pp)n reaction at 2.2 GeV over a wide kinematic range. The kinetic energy distribution for “fast” nucleons (p\u3e250   MeV/c) peaks where two nucleons each have 20% or less, and the third nucleon has most of the transferred energy. These fast pp and pn pairs are back to back with little momentum along the three-momentum transfer, indicating that they are spectators. Calculations by Sargsian and by Laget also indicate that we have measured distorted two-nucleon momentum distributions by striking one nucleon and detecting the spectator correlated pair

Effective Hamiltonian of topologically protected qubit in a helical crystal

We study a superlattice formed by tunnel-coupled identical antidots periodically situated in a two-dimensional topological insulator placed in a magnetic field. The superlattice spectrum can be controlled by gate electrodes or by changing the magnetic flux through the antidots. We demonstrate that a topologically protected qubit appears at the boundary between two regions with different fluxes. The qubit properties depend on the value of the flux jump on the boundary and can be controlled by the gate voltage. We derive the effective Hamiltonian of such a qubit and analyze the dependence of its properties on the main parameters of the superlattice: the tunnel coupling between antidots, and the probability of jumps with the spin flip.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

Actualization of a statement through order of the sentence (the Russian and Tajik languages)

The objective of the article is examining the words order in an utterance of the Russian and Tajik languages in comparative and typological aspects; revealing peculiarities of the structural-grammatical and actual aspects of studying the words order in sentences of the compared languages, depending whereon regular laws of rigidity or flexibility of the words order and linear-dynamic structures of a sentence in the compared languages are established, which allows to take a fresh look at the issue of interaction between the communicative and constructive structures in the languages under study (Russian and Tajik) and to determine the role of various means of expressing the words order in forming different types of information in the Russian and Tajik languages. Materials and methods: descriptive method; linguistic experiment integrating various types of transformation; comparative method revealing differences of communicative structures of reviewed sentences, verbal statements, types of words order in sentences and statements; direct observation method implying observing arrangement of words in texts when expressing the grammatical and logical base of a sentence. Tables presented in the article reflect the basic models of words order in the Russian and Tajik languages which are necessary in practical teaching of the both languages. Practical significance lies in expansion and deepening of theoretical knowledge of the role of words order and other means of actual articulation of a sentence in the Russian and Tajik languages; in formation of communicative competence and practical skills in process of professional teaching of translators and editors, and also in working-out of the general theory of words order in sentences, communicative structure of a sentence and functional grammar, which is one of leading lines of researching of the sentence in the modern linguistics. © 2018 by the authors

Influence of words in the sentence on the communicative function of a language (exemplified by the Russian and tajik languages)

A necessity in the development of the comparative grammar of the Russian and Tajik languages and a need in solving of many disputable issues of the syntactic knowledge, moreover, the lack of fundamental researches on comparative studying of the words order in Russian and Tajik allows to define our research as for actual. The objectives of the article are studying of the words order in Russian and Tajik within comparative and typological aspects formulization of peculiarities of interaction between the structural-grammar and actual aspects of studying of words order in sentences of the languages themselves. In order to achieve the objectives, the authors used a method of direct observation of word arrangement in texts when expressing the grammatical and logical base of the sentence; linguistic experiment the content whereof is various types of transformation; comparative method by means whereof differences are exposed in communicative structures of analyzed sentences, statements and types of words order in sentences and statements and descriptive method. Studying of variants of syntactic structures in the two languages expose national specificity of the semantics of the verbal execution of a statement in these consistencies/inconsistencies. The results allow expansion of theoretical knowledge of the role of words order and other means of actual articulation of a sentence in the Russian and Tajik languages as well as working out the theory of words order in sentences, the communicative structure of a sentence and functional grammar. © 2019, Slovenska Vzdelavacia Obstaravacia. All rights reserved