The Scientific Revolution of Thomas Kuhn and Their Relevances for Humanization of Islamic Law

This paper tries to explore the views of Thomas Kuhn that science is moving through the stages that will culminate in normal conditions and then "rot" because it has been replaced by science or new paradigm. So next. The new paradigm threatens the old paradigm that had previously become the new paradigm. With this thinking concept, Thomas Kuhn is not just a major contribution in the history and philosophy of science, but more than that, he has initiated the theories that have broad implications in the social sciences, arts, politics, education and even religious sciences , provide an important contribution in order to project humanization Islamic sciences. in showing Islamic humanist deconstruction re the primary sources of Islam, namely the Qur\u27an and Tafseer already should keep abreast of the needs of Muslim humanist paradigm so that the functional interpretation theories and theories of literacy is very possible to grow, to challenge the needs of the times

Model predictive control for current balancing in a four-phase buck converter

Multiphase buck topology offers smaller ripple current and lower component ratings. This, however, compromises unbalanced output current between each phase of an inductor which leads to over-current and inductor saturation issues. Often when discussing the linear control schemes, it involves the use of superposition theorem to understand the system’s response. However, the limitation of superposition theorem in this application is that it assumes the circuit to be completely linear. For components with nonlinear behaviour such as power switches and diodes, the analytical results may not be accurate resulting to unexpected behaviour as the algorithm is implemented on a real system. Hence, the use of a more advanced control scheme is necessary to improve a system with a non-linear characteristic. This paper proposes a current limit control (CLC) consists of MPC for inner loop control and PID for outer loop control for phase current balancing in a four-phase buck converter. The controller is designed to achieve balanced current for each phase with acceptable response time. The proposed system is designed using MATLAB/Simulink simulation software and verified by a laboratory prototype with a TMS320F28335 as the main controller. Simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the system performance

Prediction of the flow inside a micro gas turbine combustor

The main purpose of this study is to predict the flow dynamics inside a micro gas turbine combustor model. The flow field inside the combustor is controlled by the liner shape and size, wall side holes shape, size and arrangement (primary, secondary and dilution holes), and primary air swirler configuration. Air swirler adds sufficient swirling to the inlet flow to generate central recirculation region (CRZ) which is necessary for flame stability and fuel air mixing enhancement. Therefore designing an appropriate air swirler is a challenge to produce stable, efficient and low emission combustion with low pressure losses. Four axial flat vane swirlers with 20 °, 30 °, 45 ° and 60 ° vane angle corresponding to swirl number of 0.27, 0.42, 0.74, and 1.285 respectively were used in this analysis to show vane angle effect on the internal flow field. The flow behavior was investigated numerically using CFD solver FLUENT 6.2. This study has provided physical insight into the flow pattern inside the combustion chamber. Results show that the swirling action is augmented with the increase in the vane angle, which leads to increase in the turbulence strength, recirculation zone size, and amount of recirculated mass. However, all these happen at the expense of the increase in pressure losses. In case of 20 ° swirler (swirl number < 0.4), the produced swirling flow is not enough to generate CRZ

Improvement of speed response in four-phase DC–DC converter switching using two shunt voltage-source

This study proposes a technique that is able to improve the speed response of a four-phase DC–DC converter switching. The basic concept of the proposed technique is the inclusion of two shunt-connected voltage sources in series to the converter system. Using a higher input voltage to drive the load, a higher current per microsecond output system will be obtained and reverts to its nominal input upon obtaining desired references. Thus, the transient response observed when using this proposed technique is found to be much faster when compared to the conventional converter. Moreover, this technique is easily implemented as it requires only an additional voltage source, power switch, and power diode. The integrated model of the two shunt voltage-source in a four-phase DC–DC converter was simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and validated against the experimental results of a laboratory prototype, 600 W four-phase DC–DC converter. The novelty of this proposed technique is its ability to provide faster operations for critical loads applications, lower output capacitor and lower operating frequency

Comparison of two methods of noise power spectrum determinations of medical radiography systems

Noise in medical images is recognized as an important factor that determines the image quality. Image noise is characterized by noise power spectrum (NPS). We compared two methods of NPS determination namely the methods of Wagner and Dobbins on Lanex Regular TMG screen-film system and Hologic Lorad Selenia full field digital mammography system, with the aim of choosing the better method to use. The methods differ in terms of various parametric choices and algorithm implementations. These parameters include the low pass filtering, low frequency filtering, windowing, smoothing, aperture correction, overlapping of region of interest (ROI), length of fast Fourier transform, ROI size, method of ROI normalization, and slice selection of the NPS. Overall, the two methods agreed to the practical value of noise power spectrum between 10 -3-10-6mm2 over spatial frequency range 0-10mm-1

Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Komitmen Organisasi sebagai Variabel Mediasi

The purpose of this study was to know the effect of organizational culture and leadership style toward employee job performance with organizational as mediating variable in PG Rejo Agung Baru Madiun. Sample in this research is 84 people, using proportional random sampling method. Examination of validity used correlation of moment product and examination of reliability used alpha cronbach. Data in this research analyzed by classic assumption test, path analysis, multiple linier regression, t test, F test and R2 . Based on data analysis, the result as bellow: 1)leadership style has not significant influence to job performance, 2)organizational culture has positive and significant influence to job performance, 3)leadership style has significant influence to organizational commitment, 4) organizational culture has significant influence to organizational commitment, 5) organizational commitment has not significant influence to job performance, 6)organizational commitment has not mediated the influence leadership style to job performance, 7)organizational commitment has not mediated the influence organizational culture to job performance

PENGEMBANGAN MODUL FISIKA BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING PADA POKOK BAHASAN LISTRIK DINAMIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS X SMA/MA

Abstrak Modul Fisika Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing pada materi listrik dinamis perlu dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir siswa di Indonesia yang masih rendah khususnya keterampilan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi Listrik Dinamis yang masih di bawah KKM khususnya di SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Temanggung. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) cara mengembangakan Modul Fisika Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing, 2) kelayakan produk Modul Fisika Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing, 3) efektivitas Modul Fisika Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X SMA/MA. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) termodifikasi dari Borg and Gall (1983). Sampel penelitian pengembangan meliputi: 1) sampel uji coba produk awal sejumlah 2 validator ahli (materi, media dan bahasa), 2 praktisi pendidikan dan 2 teman sejawat, 2) sampel uji coba lapangan terbatas sejumlah 10 siswa kelas X2 SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Temanggung, dan 3) sampel uji lapangan operasional sejumlah 26 siswa kelas X1 SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Temanggung. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket, lembar observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Uji lapangan operasional menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design. Data keterampilan berpikir kritis (hasil belajar kognitif) siswa diuji menggunakan uji t berpasangan dan dihitung dengan N-gain ternormalisasi. Berdasarkan analisa data diperoleh hasil penelitian pengembangan sebagai berikut: 1) Mengembangkan Modul Fisika Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas X SMA/MA yaitu menggunakan teknik R&D (research and development) dari Borg and Gall (1983: 775) termodifikasi melalui 10 tahap dengan tahapan terakhir dilakukan diseminasi saja tanpa dilakukannya implementasi produk, 2) kelayakan Modul Fisika Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing setelah dilakukannya uji coba produk awal, uji coba lapangan terbatas, uji lapangan operasional dan diseminasi dan implementasi didapatkan rata-rata persentase sebesar 85,11% yang dikategorikan ˝Sangat Baik˝, 3) efektivitas Modul Fisika Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa didapatkan nilai N-gain dari keterampilan berpikir kritis (hasil belajar kognitif) sebesar 0,56 dikategorikan ˝Sedang˝ dan hasil belajar afektif dan psikomotor siswa mengalami kenaikan dari pertemuan sebelumnya. Kata kunci: Penelitian Pengembangan, Modul, Inkuiri Terbimbing, dan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis

Upaya Meningkatkan Aktivitas Dan Hasil Belajar Fisika Melalui Pendekatan Multirepresentasi Yangterintegrasi Pada Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Pokok Bahasan Gerak Lurus Kelas X IPA 5 Sman 3 Jember Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai model pembelajaran penelitian dan tindakan. Tujuan penelitiannya adalah mendeskripsikan aktivitas dan hasil belajar melelui pendekatan multirepresentasi yang terintegrasi pada model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing pada SMAN 3 Jember Kelas X MIPA 5 selama semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Model pembelajaran ini dikatakan berhasil apabila: tujuan pembelajaran tercapai, aktivitas siswa termasuk dalam kriteria aktif hingga sangat aktif dan peningkatan hasil belajar termasuk dalam kategori sedang hingga tinggi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas, sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan metode action research. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain siklus Hopkins. Teknik Pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi, observasi, tes, dan wawancara. Analisis data menggunakan N-gain. Siklus paling efektif saat diterapkan pada siklus I, dengan ktivitas belajar sebesar 71%-89,5% untuk tiap indikator. Aktivitas siswa pada siklus ini termasuk dalam kriteria aktif hingga sangat aktif. Peningkatan hasil belajar (n-gain) pada siklus ini sebesar 0,33 dan 0,35yang termasuk dalam kriteria sedang