Establishing comprehensive oral assessments for children with safeguarding concerns.

The dental profession is well placed to contribute important information in child protection cases but no previous research has been reported that assesses the volume or impact of this information. Comprehensive oral assessment clinics were introduced and established as an integral part of comprehensive medical assessments for children with welfare concerns in Greater Glasgow and Clyde. An assessment protocol and standardised paperwork for comprehensive oral assessments were developed to enhance information sharing and patient access to appropriate care. Two cases are presented and discussed to demonstrate the value of dental input

Indirect method to determine near-normal sun-conic reflectance

This paper presents an indirect method to estimate the near-normal sun-conic reflectance of solar mirrors, which is considered to be the relevant parameter to describe the reflectance characteristics of reflectors employed for CSP systems. The indirect method has been validated by direct measurements with the Spectral Specular Reflectometer measurement device reported in previous conferences. Good agreement between indirect and direct measurements was found for new and aged mirrors but not for soiled mirrors, where different phenomena seem to occur. The indirect method is thus only applicable for clean mirror surfaces in new and aged condition. The benefit of the indirect method is that it is simple and applicable with commercial equipment, providing a useful tool to determine near-normal sun-conic reflectance for all laboratories which do not own advanced reflectometers

SAN CARLO DEI BARNABITI: RESTORATION AND REINFORCEMENT OF THE ROOFING OF A FLORENTINE BAROQUE MASTERPIECE

The church of San Carlo dei Barnabiti houses one of the most important examples of Baroque illusionistic painting in Florence. Given the level of deterioration of the vault, the preliminary investigations required a 3D survey of the current geometry to detect the mainly damaged areas. A point cloud obtained by laser scanning is employed to investigate the deformations and the state of conservation of the vault. The acquired data also revealed some unknown aspects concerning the construction of the structure and its pictorial decoration useful to design the restoration project

DENS INVAGINATUS (DENS IN DENTE): A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH. CASE REPORT

Aim: The purpose of this report was to demonstrate how a multidisciplinary surgical and endodontic approach in this type of tooth anomaly, may improve the prognosis both functionally and aesthetically. Dens invaginatus is a developmental anomaly resulting from infolding of the surface of the tooth crown before calcification has occurred. Many mechanisms have been proposed as a cause of this phenomenon, including local delay in enamel formation, infolding of the enamel organ within the dental pulp and local external influences on the tooth germ, but the aetiology of dens in dente is still not entirely known. The most common teeth interested by this malformation are maxillary lateral incisors, sometimes it occurs bilaterally. Morphologically the malformation is classified in three types: Type I: An enamel-lined minor invagination occurring within the crown not extending beyond the amelocemental junction. Type II: An enamel-lined form that invades the root but remains confined as a blind sac. It may or not communicate with dental pulp. Type III: a form that penetrates through the root perforating at the apical area showing “a second foramen” in the apical or periodontal area. There is no immediate communication with the pulp. The invagination may be completely lined by enamel, but frequently cementum will be found lining the invagination. The invagination commonly communicates with the oral cavity, allowing the entry of irritants and microorganisms either to the pulpal tissue or to an area that is only separated from pulpal tissue by a thin layer of dentin or enamel. This continual admission of irritants and the consequent inflammation usually leads to necrosis of the adjacent pulpal tissue and induces a periodontal or apical abscess. Other reported sequels of undiagnosed and untreated invaginated teeth include cysts, delay eruption and internal resorption. Sometimes Dens in Dente is associated with dental anomalies like taurodontia, microdontia, supernumerary teeth, gemination, and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Description and procedures: A 24- year old male patient came to the Dental Clinic for aesthetic reasons. Intraoral examination disclosed the presence of a maxillary right lateral incisor with unusual morphological features. The crown of the tooth had a peg-shaped appearance. Radiological evaluation showed that a large periapical lesion existed corresponding to the area of the lateral incisor, and irregular root canal borders and an enamel-lined invagination extended through the root. A Type III Dens Invaginatus was diagnosed. The patient was invited to have a maxillary Dental Scan done that showed exactly the wideness of the bone loss. After several irrigations with 5% NaClO, the endodontic treatment was performed: Ca(OH)2 was left in the root canal for one month and then Thermafil Obturators (Dentsply, Maillefer) were used for endodontic closure. After eight months, although the initial improvement , we decided for the surgical removal of the cysts and apicectomy of the tooth. Conclusion: Dens invaginatus has an unpredictable root canals anatomy. For a good clinical outcome we need to associate the surgical approach with the endodontic treatment

Enhanced equivalent model algorithm for solar mirrors

The SolarPACES Reflectance Guideline provides an essential tool to obtain comparable reflectance measurements, but because of the lack of adequate commercial instrumentation, till now the exhaustive characterization of reflectance behaviour versus incidence ¿i and (half) acceptance angle ¿ is unachieved. An expert group in Task III has been working to outline some practicable solutions. The Equivalent Model Algorithm (EMA) was found quite promising: with few input data, EMA allows to predict any reflectance feature by computation. The recent availability of reliable reflectance measurements at oblique incidence made possible the refinement of EMA by analysing a representative set of commercial solar mirrors. This paper describes the new EMA for solar mirror, named EMA4SM, and reports its validation

Molecular states of polyacenes grown on noble metal surfaces

Here we present a combined photoemission (UPS), metastable deexcitation (MDS) and optical absorption (NEXAFS) at C K-edge study of molecular states of polyacenes grown on Ag(111) and Au(111), from submonolayer to multilayer thicknesses. We focus on the evolution of the HOMO and LUMO molecular states induced by the adsorption from submonolayer to monolayer thickness and we find a different redistribution of these states in the various systems formed at RT: while a strong redistribution of the molecular states takes place in Pn/Ag(111) and Tc/Ag(111) interface, a weaker interaction is indicated for Tc/Au(111)

Indicatori microscopici di pascolo per ricostruzioni di paleoeconomia e paleoambiente: polline, spore di funghi coprofili e uova di parassiti

The paper reports two study cases showing integrated analyses of microscopic records (pollen, coprophilous fungi and parasites remains) which are of basic importance to reconstruct past breeding and pastoral activities in Italy. The sites are located at Piano Locce (1225 m a.s.l., Barisciano, L’Aquila) in a depression in a mountain area and in the Bradano Valley (about 150-500 m a.s.l., Basilicata) in a hilly area rich in archaeological sites. The pollen-based palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of Piano Locce provided the history of plants landscape from around 36.000 years BP. Before the Holocene, a steppe vegetation and a grassland characterized the area where wild animals freely browsed. This assumption is strongly supported by the association of spores of coprophilous fungi with intestinal parasites eggs (Dicrocoelium) and pollen clumps. The trend of coprophilous fungi and pollen assemblages including Anthropogenic Indicators shows that, after the wild animals browsing, a fairly continuous presence of domesticated animals, prevalently ovicaprines, interested the area in the Holocene. The archaeological sites of Difesa San Biagio and Altojanni in Bradano Valley showed evidences of ovicaprine-farming and cattle breeding during Hellenistic and Mediaeval periods. In particular, Cichorioideae, Chenopodiaceae and Brassicaceae pollen and spores of coprophilous fungi (such as Sordaria type, Sporormiella and Podospora type) attest the predominance of pastoral activities during the Hellenistic period at San Biagio. A greater pollen biodiversity characterizes Altojanni, where spores of the coprophilous fungi were associated with spores of fungi with a different ecology as Chaetomium and Valsaria variospora type. The environmental and microarchaeobotanical contexts are in agreement with archaeological evidences that attest the presence of domestic animals, probably cattle, maintained in this site during Middle Ages

CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

Peer reviewe

New insights on the interaction between thiophene derivatives and Au surfaces: the case of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and the relevant polymer.

The nature of the interface between electrogenerated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and the Au substrate is studied in detail. In particular, the adsorption of the relevant monomer, namely, 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, is investigated and compared with that of other thiophene derivatives. Different deposition procedures have been adopted: very thin films of the thiophene derivatives have been obtained through chemisorption processes from vapor and liquid phases, on Au polycrystalline substrates, Au nano particles possessing different size, and a Au(111) single crystal. Different techniques, operating both in situ and ex situ, have been employed for the characterization of these deposits, that is, X-ray photoemission and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/metal interface is far from being simply constituted by unreacted molecules in contact with the substrate; rather, the formation of oligothiophene species and sulfur atoms at the interface has been ascertained