Predictive factors for loneliness in female high school students; an unvariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis

Background and aims: Loneliness typically includes anxious feelings. It is particularly relevant to adolescence period. It has effect on physical and mental health. The present study aimed to identify the predictive factors of loneliness among high schools female students. Methods: A cross –sectional survey was carried out among high schools female students in Ilam during the academic year 2014-15. Sampling was done by multistage method. The student's consent to participation in the study obtained by full filled the questionnaires. Data were collected by demographic and University of California, Los Angeles questionnaire. Questionnaires with incomplete information were excluded. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was measured as an index of internal identicalness of the questionnaire to verify its reliability. Results: A total 400 female high school students were studied. Overall, 62.8 of students put into non- loneliness group and 37.3 of all have loneliness. The univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrates that education field, father’s education and father’s occupation were different between the groups (P < 0.05). The risk of loneliness was higher in students with a mathematical sciences education field in comparison to general education field (OR= 1.75). In multivariate logistic regression analysis the education field, father’s education and father’s occupation were considered as independent predictive variables for female students’ loneliness. The AUROC criterion was applied to compute both the sensibility and the specificity of the manikin. The overall percent of correct classification of the model is 64. Conclusion: Identify the causes of students loneliness can prevent complications and provide appropriate solutions

Risk factors of pelvic organ prolapse in Iranian women: a cross-sectional study

Background and aims: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition which affects on a large proportion of women. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors of POP in Iranian women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out to examine the role of demographic, anthropometric and clinical characteristics in POP disease in a sample of 365 females in Ilam, Iran. Examinations were performed according to Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POPQ) technique in dorsal lithotomic position. Then, the sample divided into two groups as with and without prolapse. Then, unilabiate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results: Totally, 365 women participated in this study. The prevalence of POP was 80.8. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant differences between groups with and without POP based on age, maximum birth weight, BMI, pregnancy, delivery mode, delivery operative and delivery position. But after multivariate analysis, the most significant factors identified as risk factors for POP were age (OR= 1.12, 95 CI= 1.02-1.23, P= 0.02), normal vaginal delivery (NVD; OR= 6.18, 95 CI= 1.43-26.75, P= 0.01) and episiotomy (OR= 30, 95 CI= 5.69-158.11, P= 0.000). Conclusion: Findings of the study showed that several risk factors could collaborate in creating of POP. However; body mass index and number of pregnancies are modifiable factors. So, maternal care providers should educate women for maintaining the ideal weight and decreasing the number of pregnancy in order to prevent POP

A novel diblock copolymer of (monomethoxy poly [ethylene glycol]-oleate) with a small hydrophobic fraction to make stable micelles/polymersomes for curcumin delivery to cancer cells

Curcumin is a potent natural anticancer agent, but its effectiveness is limited by properties such as very low solubility, high rate of degradation, and low rate of absorption of its hydrophobic molecules in vivo. To date, various nanocarriers have been used to improve the bioavailability of this hydrophobic biomaterial. This study investigates the encapsulation of curcumin in a novel nanostructure of monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-oleate (mPEG-OA) and its anticancer effect. Tests were done to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC), encapsulation efficiency, drug-loading efficiency, and cytotoxicity (against U87MG brain carcinoma cells and HFSF-PI3 cells as normal human fibroblasts) of some nanodevice preparations. The results of fluorescence microscopy and cell-cycle analyses indicated that the in vitro bioavailability of the encapsulated curcumin was significantly greater than that of free curcumin. Cytotoxicity evaluations showed that half maximal inhibitory concentrations of free curcumin and curcumin-loaded mPEG-OA for the U87MG cancer cell line were 48 μM and 24 μM, respectively. The Annexin-V-FLUOS assay was used to quantify the apoptotic effect of the prepared nanostructures. Apoptosis induction was observed in a dose-dependent manner after curcumin-loaded mPEG-OA treatments. Two common self-assembling structures, micelles and polymersomes, were observed by atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scat­tering, and the abundance of each structure was dependent on the concentration of the diblock copolymer. The mPEG-OA micelles had a very low CMC (13.24 μM or 0.03 g/L). Moreover, atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering showed that the curcumin-loaded mPEG-OA polymersomes had very stable structures, and at concentrations 1,000 times less than the CMC, at which the micelles disappear, polymersomes were the dominant structures in the dispersion with a reduced size distribution below 150 nm. Overall, the results from these tests revealed that this nanocarrier can be considered as an appropriate drug delivery system for delivering curcumin to cancer cells. © 2014 Erfani-Moghadam et al

Seroepidemiology of rubella, measles, HBV, HCV and B19 virus within women in child bearing ages (Saravan City of Sistan and Bloochastan Province)

Present survey basically focused on women between 15-45 years of age resident in a town of Sistan and Baluchistan province named as Saravan city located in border of Pakistan-Iran in order to find out the seropositivity against the viruses in child bearing ages in the above stated under study community. This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried-out from 2001 up to 2002. Saravan town was divided into 4 geographical areas and each area was further sub-divided into 10 blocks and in each block 10 families were chosen randomly. In the next step by referring to each family from the chosen married women with specified age i.e., 15-45 years, 5 mL blood was collected. Serum was then separated and stored at -20°C before the assay. ELISA kit was employed to detect anti B19, anti rubella, anti measles, anti HBV and anti HCV antibody. Furthermore during samples collection a questionnaire filled for each woman under study. This study showed that 89.6% of women understudy were seropositive against measles, rubella (96.2%), B19 (59.2%), HCV (0.8%) and HBV (19.8%), respectively. According to the results of no serious problem with rubella in this area; But, about measles, the present immunity against measles in this area is insufficient. It seems that incidence of B19 infection in this region is same as other places in Iran. The rate of seropositivity against HBV and HCV indicated of these viruses circulating in the population in this area. © 2007 Academic Journals

Which therapies will provide the best results in IBS

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic abdominal pain with the change of defecation. The present study aimed to compare the effects of standard medical treatment plus stress management treatment and standard medical treatment alone in IBS symptoms and quality of life. An experimental study has been carried out among participants with Rome-III diagnostic criteria. Participants randomly assigned into two groups. The case group received the standard medical treatment plus stress management treatment, n= 15, while, the control group received the standard medical treatment alone, n= 15. The training programs were contain 8 domains of relaxation, cognation reproduce, contrast skills training, express trains and problem solving, anger management training and social supports. Data were collected using demographic, ROME III, Bowel Syndrome Symptom Severity Score and Quality of Life- IBS. Overall, 30 male participants were evaluated. The age range of participants was 25-55 years. The stress management training could decrease the ROME-II scores. Also the stress management training has a significant effect on quality of life and the HSE. Therefore, it is necessary that IBS suffering referred to psychologists for psychotherapy while they are under medical treatment

The incidence of prostate cancer in Iran: Results of a population-based cancer registry

Background: Little is known about the epidemiology of prostate cancer in Iranian men. We carried out an active prostate cancer surveillance program in five provinces of Iran. Methods: Data used in this study were obtained from population-based cancer registries between 1996 and 2000. Results: The age-standardized incidence rate of prostate carcinoma in the five provinces was 5.1 per 100,000 person-years. No significant difference was seen in the age-standardized incidence rate of prostate cancer within the provinces studied. The mean±SD age of patients with prostate cancer was 67±13.5 years. Conclusion: The incidence of prostate cancer in Iran is very low as compared to the Western countries. This can partly be explained by lack of nationwide screening program, younger age structure and quality of cancer registration system in Iran