Surgical Myocardial Revascularization of Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy and Severe Left Ventricular Disfunction

OBJECTIVE: To determine long-term survival, identify preoperative factors predictive of a favorable outcome, and assess functional improvement after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with advanced left ventricular dysfunction. METHODS: Between 1995 and 2001, 244 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and had a preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 35% were included. left ventricular ejection fraction was determined by uniplanar or biplanar ventriculography during left heart catheterization. Indication for surgery was predominance of tissue viability. Functional improvement was evaluated through echocardiography and gated scintigraphy at exercise/ rest. Survival was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 29±4% (ranged from 9% to 35%). An average of 3.01 coronary bypass grafts per patient were performed. In-hospital mortality was 3.7% (9 patients). The 4-year survival rate was 89.7%. Multivariate correlates of favorable short- and long-term outcome were preoperative New York Heart Association Funcional classification for congestive heart failure class I/II, lower PAsP, higher left ventricular ejection fraction and gated left ventricular ejection fraction Ex/Rest ratio >5%. Left ventricular ejection fraction rise from 32±5% to 39±5%, p <0.001. Gated left ventricular ejection fraction at exercise/ rest increased markedly after surgery: from 27±8%/ 23±7% to 37±5%/ 31±6%, p <0.001. CONCLUSIONS: In selected patients with severe ischemic left ventricular dysfunction and predominance of tissue viability, coronary artery bypass grafting may be capable of implement preoperative clinical/ functional parameters in predicting outcome as left ventricular ejection fraction and gated left ventricular ejection fraction at exercise/ rest

Efficacy of aneurysmectomy in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction: favorable short‐ and long‐term results in ischemic cardiomyopathy

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the functional results after aneurysm surgery in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and (2) identify predictors of favorable outcomes. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Patients (n = 169) with angiographic left ventricular ejection fraction of 22±5% underwent aneurysm surgery and were prospectively followed for three years. Prior to surgery, 40% and 60% of the patients were in congestive heart failure NYHA class I/II and III/IV, respectively. Concomitant revascularization was performed on 95% of the patients. RESULTS: Cumulative in-hospital and 36-month mortalities were 7% and 15%, respectively. These respective rates varied according to preoperative parameters: CHF class I-II, 4% and 13%; CHF class III-IV, 8% and 16%; LVEF,20%, 12% and 26%; LVEF 21-30%, 2% and 6%; gated LVEF exercise/rest .5%, ,1% and 4%; and gated LVEF exercise/rest #5%, 17% and 38%. Higher LVEF ex/rest ratio (p = 0.01), male sex (p = 0.05), and a higher number of grafts (p = 0.01) were predictive of improvement in CHF class at follow-up based on the results of a multivariate analysis. After three years of follow-up, 84% of the patients were in class I/II, LVEF was 45±7%, and gated LVEF ex/rest ratio was 13% higher (p,0.01) compared to the beginning of the study. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that aneurysmectomy among patients with severe LV dysfunction result in shortand long-term favorable functional outcome and survival. Selection of appropriate surgical candidates may substantially improve survival rates among these patients

Efficacy of aneurysmectomy in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction: favorable short-and long-term results in ischemic cardiomyopathy

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the functional results after aneurysm surgery in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and (2) identify predictors of favorable outcomes. METHODS AND MATERIAL: Patients (n = 169) with angiographic left ventricular ejection fraction of 22±5% underwent aneurysm surgery and were prospectively followed for three years. Prior to surgery, 40% and 60% of the patients were in congestive heart failure NYHA class I/II and III/IV, respectively. Concomitant revascularization was performed on 95% of the patients. RESULTS: Cumulative in-hospital and 36-month mortalities were 7% and 15%, respectively. These respective rates varied according to preoperative parameters: CHF class I-II, 4% and 13%; CHF class III-IV, 8% and 16%; LVEF,20%, 12% and 26%; LVEF 21-30%, 2% and 6%; gated LVEF exercise/rest .5%, ,1% and 4%; and gated LVEF exercise/rest #5%, 17% and 38%. Higher LVEF ex/rest ratio (p = 0.01), male sex (p = 0.05), and a higher number of grafts (p = 0.01) were predictive of improvement in CHF class at follow-up based on the results of a multivariate analysis. After three years of follow-up, 84% of the patients were in class I/II, LVEF was 45±7%, and gated LVEF ex/rest ratio was 13% higher (p,0.01) compared to the beginning of the study. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that aneurysmectomy among patients with severe LV dysfunction result in shortand long-term favorable functional outcome and survival. Selection of appropriate surgical candidates may substantially improve survival rates among these patients

Intermediate levels of BNP were related with cardiology events in acute coronary syndromes?

Introdução: Diversos estudos na literatura têm relacionado valores elevados de peptídeo natriurético cerebral (BNP) com pior prognóstico em pacientes com síndrome coronária aguda (SCA). No entanto, valores entre 100 pg/mL e 400 pg/mL são considerados limítrofes e ainda questionados em relação à diagnóstico e ocorrência de eventos. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo observacional com objetivo de avaliar se o valor intermediário de BNP na admissão hospitalar é capaz de predizer prognóstico intrahospitalar. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo I: BNP &lt; 100 pg/mL; grupo II: 100 &lt; BNP &lt; 400 pg/mL. Foram incluídos 405 pacientes (235 no grupo I e 170 no grupo II) com SCA. Obtiveram-se dados referentes à comorbidades e medicações utilizadas. Análise estatística: O desfecho primário foi mortalidade por todas as causas. O desfecho secundário foi eventos combinados (choque cardiogênico, reinfarto, morte, acidente vascular cerebral e sangramento). A comparação entre grupos foi realizada através de Q-quadrado e ANOVA. A análise multivariada foi realizada por regressão logística, sendo considerado significativo p &lt; 0,05. Resultados: Na comparação entre os grupos I e II, observaram-se diferenças em relação à prevalência de diabetes mellitus e angioplastia coronária prévia. Na análise multivariada, observaram-se diferenças significativas entre os grupos I e II em relação à ocorrência de choque cardiogênico (2,55% x 10,59%, OR = 4,09, p = 0,01), respectivamente. Conclusão: Valores intermediários de BNP não foram capazes de predizer mortalidade em pacientes com SCA. No entanto, observou-se uma maior incidência de choque cardiogênico.Introduction: Several studies in the literaturehave linked high levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) withpoor prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).However, values between 100 pg/ml and 400 pg/ml are consideredborderline and also questioned about the occurrence of events anddiagnosis. Methods: This is an observational retrospective studyto evaluate the BNP intermediate value at hospital admissioncan predict in-hospital prognosis. The patients were divided intotwo groups: Group I: BNP &lt; 100 pg/ml; Group II: 100 &lt; BNP &lt;400 pg/mL. It included 405 patients (235 in group I and 170 ingroup II) with ACS. Data were obtained regarding comorbiditiesand medications used. Statistical analysis: The primary outcomewas mortality from all causes. The secondary endpoint wascombined events (cardiogenic shock, reinfarction, death, strokeand bleeding). The comparison between groups was performedusing Q-square test and ANOVA. Multivariate analysis wasperformed by logistic regression, considering significant p &lt; 0.05.Results: Comparing the groups I and II, there were differences inthe prevalence of diabetes and previous coronary angioplasty. Inmultivariate analysis, there were significant differences betweengroups I and II in the occurrence of cardiogenic shock (2.55%vs. 10.59%, OR = 4.09, p = 0.01), respectively. Conclusion:Intermediate BNP values were not able to predict mortality inpatients with ACS. However, there was a higher incidence ofcardiogenic shock

Search for new physics in multijet events with at least one photon and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

A search for new physics in final states consisting of at least one photon, multiple jets, and large missing transverse momentum is presented, using proton-proton collision events at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb−1, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC from 2016 to 2018. The events are divided into mutually exclusive bins characterized by the missing transverse momentum, the number of jets, the number of b-tagged jets, and jets consistent with the presence of hadronically decaying W, Z, or Higgs bosons. The observed data are found to be consistent with the prediction from standard model processes. The results are interpreted in the context of simplified models of pair production of supersymmetric particles via strong and electroweak interactions. Depending on the details of the signal models, gluinos and squarks of masses up to 2.35 and 1.43 TeV, respectively, and electroweakinos of masses up to 1.23 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level

Observation of the Rare Decay of the η Meson to Four Muons

A search for the rare η→μ+μ−μ+μ− double-Dalitz decay is performed using a sample of proton-proton collisions, collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC with high-rate muon triggers during 2017 and 2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101  fb−1. A signal having a statistical significance well in excess of 5 standard deviations is observed. Using the η→μ+μ− decay as normalization, the branching fraction B(η→μ+μ−μ+μ−)=[5.0±0.8(stat)±0.7(syst)±0.7(B2μ)]×10−9 is measured, where the last term is the uncertainty in the normalization channel branching fraction. This work achieves an improved precision of over 5 orders of magnitude compared to previous results, leading to the first measurement of this branching fraction, which is found to agree with theoretical predictions