Assessing the Delayed Gratification, Identity Orientation and Transitional Plans of ESGP-PA Recipients: Implications for Policies and Program Development

Governments in developing countries adopted the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) system to alleviate poverty and reduce the transmission of poverty from one generation to the next. In the Philippines, the ESGP-PA is the government\u27s version of CCT. The ESGP-PA grant has immense implications to the lives of recipients and it is important to examine the psychological aspects to inform policy making and to assess the effectiveness of the program as perceived by the recipients. This study measured delayed gratification and self-identity orientations using standardized instruments and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Transitional plans were assessed qualitatively. Results showed that recipients had high levels of delayed gratification for achievement and moderate levels for food, money, physical and social interaction. They had higher personal and relational identity orientations than social and collective identity orientations. Relational identity (r=-.329, p=.000) and collective identity (r=-.363, p=.000) was negatively correlated with delayed gratification while money (F=1.614; p=.004) significantly influenced social identity orientation. They feared they would not reach their dreams, while financial difficulties and economic factors, hindered them from reaching their goals. In conclusion, ESGPPA recipients\u27 psychological well-being is positively and negatively impacted by the ESGPPA program

A Nursing Diagnosis Decision Aid Adoption Assessment

This study investigates the roles trust and bias may play in nursing information technology acceptance via a two-phase study.In phase one, the impact of user experience on levels of trust in and bias towards automated decision aids (ADAs) isassessed. In phase two, the impact of trust and bias on ADA adoption is explored using actual usage data. The resultsindicate that experienced nurses have higher levels of trust and positive bias towards automation; yet, novice nurses are morelikely to accept information from an ADA. Additionally, a parsimonious model incorporating trust, bias, experience, andADA adoption is proposed

Health-Care Access during the Ebola Virus Epidemic in Liberia

The Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic, which began in West Africa in December 2013, claimed more than 11,000 lives, with more than 4,800 of these deaths occurring in Liberia. The epidemic had an additional effect of paralyzing the health-care systems in affected countries, which led to even greater mortality and morbidity. Little is known about the impact that the epidemic had on the provision of basic health care. During the period from March to May 2015, we undertook a nationwide, community-based survey to learn more about health-care access during the EVD epidemic in Liberia. A cluster sampling strategy was used to administer a structured in-person survey to heads of households located within the catchment areas surrounding all 21 government hospitals in Liberia. A total of 543 heads of household from all 15 counties in Liberia participated in the study; more than half (67%) of urban respondents and 46% of rural respondents stated that it was very difficult or impossible to access health care during the epidemic. In urban areas, only 20-30% of patients seeking care during the epidemic received care, and in rural areas, only 70-80% of those seeking care were able to access it. Patients requiring prenatal and obstetric care and emergency services had the most difficulty accessing care. The results of this survey support the observation that basic health care was extremely difficult to access during the EVD epidemic in Liberia. Our results underscore the critical need to support essential health-care services during humanitarian crises to minimize preventable morbidity and mortality

GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF NEWLY ISOLATED INDONESIAN MICROALGAE UNDER DIFFERENT SALINITY

The aim of this study was to investigate the growth characteristics of microalgae strains isolated from Kendari Bay and the Wanggu River estuary, Indonesia. The growth of the isolates, denoted as Kb1-2, Kb1-3, Kb1-5, and Kb2-6, were evaluated under controlled conditions. A batch culture experiment of these strains except Kb2-6 was conducted for 15 days under salinity levels of 20, 25, 30 and 35 gL-1. Tetraselmis chui, Tisochrysis lutea and Chaetocero sneogracile were also culture and used as the growth references. Cell density was measured every day and cell size was measured from 50 live cells during the logarithmic phase. The cell sizes of three of the four Indonesian microalgae ranged from 1.2-11.8 µm, considered suitable for shrimp larvae. The Indonesian strains started the logarithmic phase of growth at all salinities tested from day 0 to day 3 after inoculation except for Kb1-3 that started the phase after a 3-day lag. Increased cell density over the culture period and division rate of Indonesian microalgae during the logarithmic phase of growth were similar at all salinities tested and similar to T. chui, Ti. lutea and C. neogracile. However, the final biomasses after 15 days of culture of all microalgal strains were affected by culture salinities tested. Indonesian microalgal strains showed similar dry weight and ash free dry weight to smaller-cell strains, Ti. lutea and C. neogracile. Indonesian strains (other than Kb2-6) are suggested as suitable live food candidates for mass culture in shrimp hatcheries based on their cell size, ability to survive long culture periods, and wide salinity tolerance

Vitamin D status is associated with early markers of cardiovascular disease in prepubertal children

Background: The associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and related markers of early cardiovascular disease (CVD) are unclear in prepubertal children. Objective: To investigate the association of 25(OH)D with markers of CVD. The hypothesis was that 25(OH)D would vary inversely with non-HDL-C. Subjects and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of children (n=45; 26 males, 19 females) of mean age 8.3 ± 2.5 years to investigate the relationships between 25(OH)D and glucose, insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipids. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D/mL; overweight as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85 th but \u3c95th \u3epercentile; and obesity as BMI \u3e95th percentile. Results: Twenty subjects (44.4%) had BMI30 ng/mL. Patients with 25(OH)D of/mL had significantly elevated non-HDL-C (136.08 ± 44.66 vs. 109.88 ± 28.25, p=0.025), total cholesterol (TC)/HDL ratio (3.89 ± 1.20 vs. 3.21 ± 0.83, p=0.042), and triglycerides (TG) (117.09 ± 71.27 vs. 73.39 ± 46.53, p=0.024), while those with 25(OH)D of \u3e30 ng/mL had significantly lower non-HDL-C, TC/HDL, TG, and LDL (82.40 ± 18.03 vs. 105.15 ± 28.38, p=0.006). Multivariate analysis showed significant inverse correlations between 25(OH)D and non-HDL cholesterol (β=-0.337, p=0.043), and TC/HDL ratio (β=-0.339, p=0.028), and LDL (β=-0.359, p=0.016), after adjusting for age, race, sex, BMI, and seasonality. Conclusions: Vitamin D varied inversely with non-HDL, TC/HDL, and LDL. A 25(OH)D level of 30 ng/mL is associated with optimal cardioprotection in children

JOINTS OF STEEL-BRASS ONE-SIDE WELDED BY EXPLOSIVE METHOD

In this paper the results of investigation of the BW08 steel and M80 brass joints are presented. These joints were formed in three-layer billets (brass-steel-brass) during two-stage and one-side explosive welding. The investigations included microhardness and metallographic examination as well as determination of the superficial distribution of elements. On the basis of the results obtained it can be stated that the process of steel-brass joining runs in a high complicated manner through a plastic deformation and adhesion phenomena

A potential role for adjunctive vitamin D therapy in the management of weight gain and metabolic side effects of second-generation antipsychotics

Second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) medications introduced about 20 years ago are increasingly used to treat psychiatric illnesses in children and adolescents. There has been a five-fold increase in the use of these medications in U.S. children and adolescents in the past decade. However, there has also been a parallel rise in the incidence of side effects associated with these medications, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. Despite the severity of these complications and their financial impact on the national healthcare budget, there is neither a clear understanding of the mechanisms contributing to these side effects nor the best ways to address them. Studies that examined lifestyle modification and pharmaceutical agents have yielded mixed results. Therefore, clinical studies using agents, such as vitamin D, which are inexpensive, readily available, with low side effects profile, and have mechanisms to counteract the metabolic side effects of SGA agents, are warranted. Vitamin D is a prohormone with skeletal and extraskeletal properties that could potentially reduce the severity of these metabolic side effects. Its role as an adjunctive therapy for the management of metabolic side effects of SGA agents has not been adequately studied. Effective strategies to curb these side effects will improve the overall health of youths with psychiatric illnesses who receive SGAs. Herein we present a pilot study on the use of vitamin D in patients on treatment with SGAs

Public Health in Pharmacy Practice: A Casebook 2nd Edition

This casebook, now in its second edition, is a collaboration of over 90 individuals with expertise and training in public health pharmacy. A total of 54 chapters are presented, covering a broad array of topics relevant to pharmacy applications of public health. These topics include, but are not limited to, cross-cultural care, health literacy and disparities, infectious disease, health promotion and disease prevention, medication safety, structural racism, advocacy/policy analysis, chronic disease, women’s health, rural health, travel medicine and more. The book is designed to allow educators/students to choose chapters of interest as they feel suited, as each chapter is independent from the others. Each chapter contains learning objectives and an introduction to the topic, followed by a case and questions. The chapter closes with commentary from the authors and patient-oriented considerations for the topic at hand.https://knightscholar.geneseo.edu/oer-ost/1026/thumbnail.jp

Suicide in European Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an increased risk of suicide in European Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) patients compared to the general European population. European HL patients enrolled in the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) HD7 through HD15 studies were analyzed and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was calculated using suicide mortality rates for the general European population. Case-control analysis was performed to identify characteristics associated with risk of death by suicide. Among 12,202 European HL patients observed for 94,972 person-years, 19 suicides (17 males and 2 females) were identified resulting in a SMR 1.63 (95% CI: 1.01-2.50, p = 0.046). The only characteristic associated with a statistically significant increased risk of suicide was male sex with an odds ratio (OR) 8.42 (95% CI = 1.04-67.85; p = 0.046) on multivariate analysis. These findings were confirmed in an independently analyzed Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) validation dataset. European HL patients have a significantly increased incidence of suicide compared to the general European population. Male HL patients have a greater than 8-fold increased risk of suicide compared to female HL patients. Further study of social risk factors associated with an increased risk of suicide in HL patients is needed

Partial clinical remission in type 1 diabetes: a comparison of the accuracy of total daily dose of insulin of \u3c0.3 units/kg/day to the gold standard insulin-dose adjusted hemoglobin A1c of ≤9 for the detection of partial clinical remission

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether the gold standard test for the detection of partial clinical remission (PCR) in new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D), the insulin-dose adjusted Hemoglobin A1c (IDAA1c) of ≤9, is superior to a new tool, total daily dose of insulin (TDD) of METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 204 subjects of ages 2-14 years, mean age 7.9±3.2 years, (male 7.8±3.4 years, [n=98]; female 7.9±3.0 years, [n=106], p=0.816) with new-onset T1D. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected for the first 36 months of disease. PCR was defined by both IDAA1c≤9 and TDD RESULTS: There were 86 (42.2%) (age 9.1±3.0 years; male 57%) remitters by IDAA1c≤9 criterion, and 82 (40.2%) remitters (age 7.3±2.8 years) by TDD of CONCLUSIONS: There were no significant differences in the number of remitters, duration of PCR, or the time of peak remission defined by IDAA1c of ≤9 or TDD o