Index finger motion recognition using self-advise support vector machine

Because of the functionality of an index finger, the disability of its motion in the modern age can decrease the person's quality of life. As a part of rehabilitation therapy, the recognition of the index finger motion for rehabilitation purposes should be done properly. This paper proposes a novel recognition system of the index finger motion suing a cutting-edge method and its improvements. The proposed system consists of combination of feature extraction method, a dimensionality reduction and well-known classifier, Support Vector Machine (SVM). An improvement of SVM, Self-advise SVM (SA-SVM), is tested to evaluate and compare its performance with the original one. The experimental result shows that SA-SVM improves the classification performance by on average 0.63 %

Self-advising SVM for sleep apnea classification

In this paper Self-Advising SVM, a new proposed version of SVM, is investigated for sleep apnea classification. Self-Advising SVM tries to trans-fer more information from training phase to the test phase in compare to the traditional SVM. In this paper Sleep apnea events are classified to central, ob-structive or mixed, by using just three signals, airflow, abdominal and thoracic movement, as inputs. Statistical tests show that self-advising SVM performs better than traditional SVM in sleep apnea classification

A geometrical sink-based cooperative coverage hole recovery strategy for WSNs

© 2015 IEEE. Unlike sporadic node failures, coverage holes emerging from multiple temporally-correlated node failures can severely affect quality of service in a network and put the integrity of entire wireless sensor networks at risk. Conventional topology control schemes addressing such undesirable topological changes have usually overlooked the status of participating nodes in the recovery process with respect to the deployed sink node(s) in the network. In this paper, a cooperative coverage hole recovery model is proposed which utilises the simple geometrical procedure of circle inversion. In this model, autonomous nodes consider their distances to the deployed sink node(s) in addition to their local status, while relocating towards the coverage holes. By defining suitable metrics, the performance of our proposed model performance is compared with a force-based approach

Change in drag, apparent slip and optimum air layer thickness for laminar flow over an idealised superhydrophobic surface

Analytic results are derived for the apparent slip length, the change in drag and the optimum air layer thickness of laminar channel and pipe flow over an idealised superhydrophobic surface, i.e. a gas layer of constant thickness retained on a wall. For a simple Couette flow the gas layer always has a drag reducing effect, and the apparent slip length is positive, assuming that there is a favourable viscosity contrast between liquid and gas. In pressure-driven pipe and channel flow blockage limits the drag reduction caused by the lubricating effects of the gas layer; thus an optimum gas layer thickness can be derived. The values for the change in drag and the apparent slip length are strongly affected by the assumptions made for the flow in the gas phase. The standard assumptions of a constant shear rate in the gas layer or an equal pressure gradient in the gas layer and liquid layer give considerably higher values for the drag reduction and the apparent slip length than an alternative assumption of a vanishing mass flow rate in the gas layer. Similarly, a minimum viscosity contrast of four must be exceeded to achieve drag reduction under the zero mass flow rate assumption whereas the drag can be reduced for a viscosity contrast greater than unity under the conventional assumptions. Thus, traditional formulae from lubrication theory lead to an overestimation of the optimum slip length and drag reduction when applied to superhydrophobic surfaces, where the gas is trapped

The influence of different compounds of trace elements on the biomass and synthesis of exopolysaccharides of mycelium Trametes versicolor (Polyporaceae, Polyporales)

This article presents the results of research on the influence of citrates of zinc, manganese and copper, obtained by the method of aquanotechnology, on a number of physiological indicators of a valuable medicinal mushroom Trametes versicolor 353. Previously we detected that these metal citrates stimulated the growth of mycelium more intensively than sulfates of the above-mentioned metals in equal concentrations. In the present research we investigated the influence of these metal citrates on the parameters of assimilation of carbon and nitrogen sources, metal ion accumulation and synthesis of exopolysaccharides. The degree of metals ions accumulation in the mycelium was studied by the  method of optical emission spectroscopy with an inductively coupled plasma. The economic coefficient of biomass synthesis and impact of nitrogen assimilation were higher on media with the metals citrate than on the medium with the sulfates of the studied metals. Thus, the highest economic coefficient of biomass synthesis (36%) was observed on the medium with copper citrate. Also, copper citrate (amongst the studied metals) increased the level of assimilation of the nitrogen source by up to 35%, versus 18% on the control medium. Quantitative analysis of trace elements in biomass showed that the mycelium accumulated an equal amount of zinc or manganese ions on both types of media (with citrate or sulfate of these metals). However, on the medium with copper citrate, mycelium of T. versicolor 353 accumulated copper ions better then on a medium with copper sulfate: 82.9 μg/g of biomass on the medium with copper sulfate versus 162.0 μg/g of biomass on the medium with copper citrate. Also the results show that a significant increase of biomass (by 79% relative to the control) on the copper citrate medium is due to a threefold reduction of the exopolysaccharides amount. This data indicates a greater biological activity of copper citrate,  relative to copper sulfate. Only zinc citrate raised both the synthesis of biomass and the synthesis of exopolysaccharides by 37% and 29% respectively ( relative to the control trial)

Deep Active Learning for Automatic Mitotic Cell Detection on HEp-2 Specimen Medical Images

Identifying Human Epithelial Type 2 (HEp-2) mitotic cells is a crucial procedure in anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) testing, which is the standard protocol for detecting connective tissue diseases (CTD). Due to the low throughput and labor-subjectivity of the ANAs' manual screening test, there is a need to develop a reliable HEp-2 computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system. The automatic detection of mitotic cells from the microscopic HEp-2 specimen images is an essential step to support the diagnosis process and enhance the throughput of this test. This work proposes a deep active learning (DAL) approach to overcoming the cell labeling challenge. Moreover, deep learning detectors are tailored to automatically identify the mitotic cells directly in the entire microscopic HEp-2 specimen images, avoiding the segmentation step. The proposed framework is validated using the I3A Task-2 dataset over 5-fold cross-validation trials. Using the YOLO predictor, promising mitotic cell prediction results are achieved with an average of 90.011% recall, 88.307% precision, and 81.531% mAP. Whereas, average scores of 86.986% recall, 85.282% precision, and 78.506% mAP are obtained using the Faster R-CNN predictor. Employing the DAL method over four labeling rounds effectively enhances the accuracy of the data annotation, and hence, improves the prediction performance. The proposed framework could be practically applicable to support medical personnel in making rapid and accurate decisions about the mitotic cells' existence

Вплив сульфату та цитрату міді на склад біомаси лікарського гриба Trametes versicolor (Polyporales, Polyporaceae)

The aim of our research was to study the influence of citrate and sulfate of copper on the biomass composition of the mycelium of the medicinal mushroom Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, (1920) cultivated in a liquid medium. The studied strain of Trametes versicolor 353 was obtained from the Culture Collection of Mushrooms (IBK) from M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Copper citrate was obtained from the Institute of Nanobiotechnologies and Resource Conservation of Ukraine, Kyiv. In this study we used glucose-peptone-yeast extract medium. Cu2+ (sulfate or citrate form) was added to the medium in concentration 4 mg/L. Mycelium was grown in a submerged culture on a rotary shaker (120 rpm) at 26 °C in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks, containing 50 ml of liquid media. The biomass was harvested after 9 days of cultivation in the liquid medium, filtered, washed, dried to a constant weight at 105 °C and weighed. Total nitrogen content (Ntotal) in the mycelium determined by the Kjeldahl method, crude protein content was determined as Ntotal x 6.25. The ash was obtained by the standard method. Total lipids were extracted from undried mycelium by a modified method of Bligh and Dyer. Amino acid composition was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography Agilent 1200 (Agilent technologies, USA). The methyl ethers of fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) Agilent 6890N/5973 inert. The results of our research demonstrated that sulfates and citrates of copper increased the amount of crude protein on the mycelium of T. versicolor 353. Also both form of copper increased the amount of ash by a third relative to the control medium. At the same time, both forms of copper reduced the amount of total carbohydrates on mycelial biomass. But copper sulfate reduced the amount of total lipids relative to the control medium and medium with copper citrate. It should be noted, that given the significant growth of biomass in both cases, the yield of the same biomass compounds (gram per liter of medium) was raised relative to the control medium. So the yield of total carbohydrates was increased by 72% (on the medium with copper citrate) and 43% (on the medium with copper sulfate) relative to the control medium. The yield of crude protein was raised by 94% (on the medium with copper citrate) and 63% (on the medium with copper sulfate) relative to the control medium. Assay of amino acid composition showed that the quality of crude protein didn’t change. Thus the yield of essential amino acids was increased in conjunction with the yield of crude protein. The yield of total lipids increased only on the medium with copper citrate (by 57%) and in this case the content of fatty acids was unchanged significantly relative to the control medium. But sulfate of copper decreased the amount of cis-linoleic acids by 7%, in return the amount of oleic acid was increased relative to the control medium without copper. Наведено дані щодо впливу цитрату та сульфату міді на біохімічний склад біомаси цінного лікарського гриба Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, (1920), що зростав на рідкому живильному середовищі в умовах глибинної культури. Результати експерименту свідчать про те, що цитрат та сульфат міді посилюють синтез білків за рахунок зменшення вмісту загальних вуглеводів у біомасі T. versicolor 353 порівняно із середовищем без міді. Обидві форми міді стимулювали накопичення зольних елементів у міцелії T. versicolor 353 порівняно з контрольним середовищем. Сульфат міді негативно впливає на накопичення загальних ліпідів відносно середовища без міді та із цитратом міді. Суттєве зростання біомаси T. versicolor 353 у разі додавання в середовище для культивування цитрату або сульфату міді впливало на продуктивність синтезу окремих компонентів. Цитрат міді та сульфат міді (порівняно з контрольним середовищем без міді) збільшували продуктивність синтезу сирого протеїну в міцелії T. versicolor 353 на 94% та 63% відповідно. Продуктивність синтезу вуглеводів зростала на 72% (на середовищі із цитратом міді) та на 43% (на середовищі із сульфатом міді) відносно контрольного досліду. Амінокислотний аналіз міцелію T. versicolor 353 показав, що додавання цитрату або сульфату міді не впливало на його якісний склад. Продуктивність синтезу ліпідів збільшувалась тільки на середовищі із цитратом цинку (на 57%) відносно контрольного середовища без міді. Цитрат міді суттєво не впливав на жирнокислотний склад міцелію T. versicolor 353 порівняно з контролем. Сульфат міді зменшував уміст лінолевої та стимулював накопичення олеїнової кислоти. Наведено дані щодо впливу цитрату та сульфату міді на біохімічний склад біомаси цінного лікарського гриба Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd, (1920), що зростав на рідкому живильному середовищі в умовах глибинної культури. Результати експерименту свідчать про те, що цитрат та сульфат міді посилюють синтез білків за рахунок зменшення вмісту загальних вуглеводів у біомасі T. versicolor 353 порівняно із середовищем без міді. Обидві форми міді стимулювали накопичення зольних елементів у міцелії T. versicolor 353 порівняно з контрольним середовищем. Сульфат міді негативно впливає на накопичення загальних ліпідів відносно середовища без міді та із цитратом міді. Суттєве зростання біомаси T. versicolor 353 у разі додавання в середовище для культивування цитрату або сульфату міді впливало на продуктивність синтезу окремих компонентів. Цитрат міді та сульфат міді (порівняно з контрольним середовищем без міді) збільшували продуктивність синтезу сирого протеїну в міцелії T. versicolor 353 на 94% та 63% відповідно. Продуктивність синтезу вуглеводів зростала на 72% (на середовищі із цитратом міді) та на 43% (на середовищі із сульфатом міді) відносно контрольного досліду. Амінокислотний аналіз міцелію T. versicolor 353 показав, що додавання цитрату або сульфату міді не впливало на його якісний склад. Продуктивність синтезу ліпідів збільшувалась тільки на середовищі із цитратом цинку (на 57%) відносно контрольного середовища без міді. Цитрат міді суттєво не впливав на жирнокислотний склад міцелію T. versicolor 353 порівняно з контролем. Сульфат міді зменшував уміст лінолевої та стимулював накопичення олеїнової кислоти.

Direct integrators of modified multistep method for the solution of third order boundary value problem in ordinary differential equations

In this paper, we propose an efficient modified multistep method for direct solution of boundary value problems (BVPs) using multistep collocation approach. The continuous form was evaluated at grid and off-grid points to obtain the multiple finite difference schemes. The basic properties, such as order and error constants, zero stability and convergence analysis of the proposed methods were investigated. Numerical experiment were performed to show the efficiency of the method and the results were compared with the existing methods in the literature