Theory of quantum Hall effect and high Landau levels

The angular momentum model which couples the spin and charge is discussed as a possible theory of the quantum Hall effect. The high Landau level filling fractions 5/2, 7/3 and 8/3 are understood by this model. It is found that 7/3 and 8/3 are the particle-hole conjugates and 5/2 arises due to a limiting level at 1/2 with Landau level number n=5 which makes the fraction as 5/2.Comment: 7 page

The outcome of arthroscopic meniscal repairs: are we doing it right?

Background: The main aim of our study was to evaluate the outcome of arthroscopic meniscal repairs for all isolated meniscal tears.Methods: A total of 60 patients were included in our retrospective analysis, including all patients with isolated meniscal tears undergoing arthroscopic meniscal repairs from January to December 2015. All those patients who underwent menisectomies were excluded. Outcome measures involved location and type of tear, technique of repair, KOOS scoring system to analyse presence of post-op symptoms as well as the need for repeat surgery.Results: Of the 60 patients, 46 (76.6%) had successful repairs with no post-op repeat symptoms at 6 and 12 months follow up. The remaining 14 patients (23.3%) underwent repeat surgery out of which 5 (35.7%) underwent partial menisectomies, 4 (28.6%) re-repairs, 3 (21.4%) re-repair and partial menisectomy and the remaining 2 patients, MACI procedure.Conclusions: Arthroscopic repair of meniscal tears has shown to be an effective method of treating this surgical entity, meeting success rates comparable to published results. However, the gold standard repair method still needs to be identified.

Characterization of End of Life Personal Computers for Optimum Resource Recovery

The End of Life Personal Computers (EOL-PCs) generated by Information and Communication Technology (ICT), end up in waste streams and form a part of E-waste. This waste forms a secondary resource for many metals and non metals recovered through recycling processes. The computers have undergone revolutionary change in size, shape, configuration and its material content, particularly from the last two decades. However, the Handy-Harmann data of 1966 related to quality and quantity of the material used in manufacturing of computer has been very old and not updated since 1966. This may result in inefficient resource recovery and partially treated waste containing hazardous substances may end up in unauthorized landfill or water bodies causing permanent damage to the environment. Therefore, an attempt has been made to characterize the EOL-PCs model P-III which form a major part of E-waste even today. The results obtained help assessment of economic viability of recoverable and recyclable quantities of metals viz., Fe, Cu, Al, Au, Ag, Pd, etc., non metals like plastics and glass from P-III model computers. The paper also discusses comparative study of latest characterization of EOL-PCs with Handy-Harmann data of 1996

Intelligent traffic control decision support system

When non-recurrent road traffic congestion happens, the operator of the traffic control centre has to select the most appropriate traffic control measure or combination of measures in a short time to manage the traffic network. This is a complex task, which requires expert knowledge, much experience and fast reaction. There are a large number of factors related to a traffic state as well as a large number of possible control measures that need to be considered during the decision making process. The identification of suitable control measures for a given non-recurrent traffic congestion can be tough even for experienced operators. Therefore, simulation models are used in many cases. However, simulating different traffic scenarios for a number of control measures in a complicated situation is very time-consuming. In this paper we propose an intelligent traffic control decision support system (ITC-DSS) to assist the human operator of the traffic control centre to manage online the current traffic state. The proposed system combines three soft-computing approaches, namely fuzzy logic, neural network, and genetic algorithm. These approaches form a fuzzy-neural network tool with self-organization algorithm for initializing the membership functions, a GA algorithm for identifying fuzzy rules, and the back-propagation neural network algorithm for fine tuning the system parameters. The proposed system has been tested for a case-study of a small section of the ring-road around Riyadh city. The results obtained for the case study are promising and show that the proposed approach can provide an effective support for online traffic control

Reactive Extraction of Propionic Acid Using Aliquat-336 in 2-Octanol: Linear Solvation Energy Relationship (LSER) Modeling and Kinetics Study

Reactive extraction is an important recovery method for extraction of propionic acid from dilute streams, providing numerous advantages like high selectivity and recovery. Equilibrium and kinetic study of reactive extraction is essential to choose a proper extractant-diluent for acid recovery and ascertain the kinetic parameters essential for design of the process. In this paper, the linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) modeling of reactive extraction of propionic acid using Aliquat 336 in 2-octanol as diluent was presented to obtain the model parameters. Also, the kinetics of extraction in stirred cell was presented to explain the progress of reactive extraction of propionic acid using Aliquat 336 in the diluent. The reaction was found to be fast pseudo first order. To design the reactor to carry out reactive extraction, the kinetic parameters evaluated are essential. Modeling using LSER model predict a close resemblance of experimental data

Brakes Analysis of BAJA ATV

In the modern day and age where automobiles are an essential part of our day to day life, the requirements of each are different. Some demand for a high-performance machine whereas others require a comfortable ride. The modern engineering helps in achieving all the aspects of a safe, reliable and fast vehicle. With the change in time, the need for an all-terrain vehicle has gradually increased. The research paper includes the optimisation of braking system for minimum stopping distance and locking all four tyres simultaneously. The SolidWorks struct-static analysis and simulation are done to obtain a better braking system which can provide the best in class arrangements for the customer. The research focused on disc, master cylinder position. The designs provide the sturdiness and durability which is the primary requirement for an all-terrain vehicle. The study comprises of braking for BAJA-ATV. The all-terrain conditions require active braking and all wheels locking at the instant time. The research paper includes the parameters for the efficient disc, callipers, master cylinder position for effective braking

Non-Extremality, Chemical Potential and the Infrared limit of Large N Thermal QCD

Non-extremal solution with warped resolved-deformed conifold background is important to study the infrared limit of large N thermal QCD. Earlier works in this direction have not taken into account all the back-reactions on the geometry, namely from the branes, fluxes, and black-hole carefully. In the present work we make some progress in this direction by solving explicitly the supergravity equations of motions in the presence of the backreaction from the black-hole. The backreactions from the branes and the fluxes on the other hand and to the order that we study, are comparatively suppressed. Our analysis reveal, among other things, how the resolution parameter would depend on the horizon radius and how the RG flows of the coupling constants should be understood in these scenarios, including their effects on the background three-form fluxes. We also study the effect of switching on a chemical potential in the background and, in a particularly simplified scenario, compute the actual value of the chemical potential for our case.Comment: 61 pages, LaTex, 3 eps figures; v2: Some corrections done in sec 2.1 to sharpen the regime of validity of our results. Text expanded, typos corrected and minor corrections added to the other sections; v3: Text expanded at various places, typos corrected and references added. Final version to appear in Physical Review

(D3)over-bar and dS

The role of the (D3) over bar brane in providing de Sitter vacua with spontaneously broken supersymmetry in the KK LT construction is clarified. The first step in this direction' was explained in [1, 2]: it was shown there that in the CKP background the bosonic contributions to the vacuum energy from the DBI and WZ term cancel for a D3 brane, but double for a (D3) over bar brane, leading to de Sitter vacua. The next step was taken in [3] where the analogous mechanism of the doubling (cancelation) of the (D3) over bar (D3) DBI and WZ terms was discovered in the presence of Volkov-Akulov -fermions living on the brane, in a flat supergravity background. Here we confirm this mechanism of doubling/cancelation for the (D3) over bar /D3 brane in the CKP supergravity background preserving N = 1, d = 4 supersymmetry. We find that imaginary self-dual G((3)) flux of type (2,1) nicely removes the SU(3) fermion triplet by giving it a large mass, while leaving the Volkov-Akulov goldstino, which is the SU(3) singlet, massless. This makes the de Sitter landscape in D-brane physics clearly related to de Sitter vacua in effective d - 4 supergravity with a nilpotent multiplet and spontaneously broken supersymmetry.</p