Environmental impact assessment (EIA) on cultivation of the nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with brackish water in Dashtestan

EIA is a worthy tool for identifying and assessing potential impacts and control them.it compatibles environmental aspects with sustainable development. In order to predict the effects of tilapia culture activities on regional we gathered physical, biological, and social information to quantify the activities effects on them. We addressed 42 impacts consist of 31 positive, and 11 negative. These affect half of social, 33% of physical, and 17 of biological elements. This equivalent with -42, +304, and+36 when puts in the charts.in order to have a good and comprehensive assessment of activities Leopold matrices was employed. Based on summarized values from this we have +380and -82 results +298. This means that this activity has a great positive result especially on socio-economic environment. These kinds of studies are highly recommended for other parts of the Bushehr province e.g Dashtestan county that most of their water resources are brackish and not suitable for agriculture

Effect of threonine and potassium carbonate supplementation on performance, immune response and bone parameters of broiler chickens

This study aimed to investigate the effect of different levels of dietary threonine (i.e. 100%, 110% and 120% of Ross recommendations) and potassium (i.e. 0.85% and 0.94% of diet) on performance, immune response, and bone parameters broiler chickens. Three hundred one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Growth performance was not affected by dietary treatments. Birds fed diet containing 120% threonine and high potassium level were exhibited a lower immune response to phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) as compared to control group (P < .05). Addition of 120% threonine with 0.94% potassium decreased heterophil percentage and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio and increased lymphocyte percentage (P < .05). Tibia and femur width and ash, Ca and P percentage of tibia, and breaking strength of bones were not influenced by dietary potassium level, whereas the width of tibia and femur was increased in broiler chickens received diet containing 120% threonine and 0.94% potassium compared to control group (P < .05). It is concluded that broiler chickens FI during starter period, cell mediated immune response and blood hematology were influence by dietary threonine and potassium interaction

Metastatic Colo-Rectal Cancer, 2005-2008: Treatment results

&quot;nIntroduction: Colo-rectal cancer has 10% prevalence, among all of the cancer proportionally and also it is the third common cancer in the both sexes. Two recently introduced active drugs in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (ACC) are irinotecan and oxaliplatin. The combinations of oxaliplatin (OXA) or irinotecan (IRI) with 5FU-LV have been accepted as standard treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. &quot;nPatients and Methods: fifty four patients with colo-rectal cancer who came to the Oncology Clinic of Kermanshah University were assessed over a period of 4 years (2005-2008). All cases in stage III were treated by FOLFOX, unlike the patients in Stage IV treated with FOLFOX during 8 cycles fallowed by FOLFIRI in the same cycles (Sequential method). &quot;nResults: the age average was less (49.1 years versus 55 years) than in other studies (6). A parallel analyzation of solid data, overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS) were 18 and 17.3 months, respectively. &quot;nConclusion: FOLFOX and FOLFIRI were administrated in 8 cycles each concomitantly (Sequential form) which provided considerable response with manageable complications. The result of the treatment in the study was correlated with other trials utilizing more modern procedures of medication like &amp;lsquo;Target therapies&amp;rsquo; (OS; 18.4m for CT versus 19-20m for target therapies)

Evidence-Based Assignment of Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage (DPL) Sensitivity in Penetrating Abdominal Trauma

Background:There are a large number of patients with penetrating abdominal trauma who have normal vital signs and negative abdominal examination when referred to trauma centers. Agreat deal of controversy exists between authorities about screening these patients for emergency explorative laparotomy. Many references have reported more than 90% sensitivity for DPL as a diagnostic method to determine whether intraabdominal injuries were present and emergent laparotomy is indicated or not. This study is for reassignment of this sensitivity according to our own evidence. Methods: All of the patients with abdominal stab wounds and normal vital signs plus negative abdominal examination who were referred to Shohada-e-Tajrish hospital between March 2004 to December 2005, underwent local wound exploration and those confirmed to have peritoneal penetration, underwent emergency laparotomy. In the operating room and prior to surgery, under general anesthesia, DPL was performed. Then DPL results were compared with laparotomy findings and DPL sensitivity was assigned. Results: Of the total number of 34 patients, 8 had a positive DPL and positive laparotomy; 2 had a positive DPL and negative laparotomy; 8 had negative DPL and positive laparotomy, and 16 patients had negative DPL and negative laparotomy. Conclusion: According to our study, DPL sensitivity is much less than mentioned in trauma texts (approximately 50%). So, it is not a valuable tool to discriminate between operative and conservative approaches in penetrating abdominal trauma. We suggest more sensitive modalities. Laparotomy is the most sensitive approach but at the price of a high negative laparotomy rate

Factors contributing to driver’s condition after fatal and injury vehicle accidents in North Khorasan province- New Year 1391

Background and Aim: Injuries from traffic accidents are a major public health problem, and the third leading cause of mortality in people aged 1 to 40 years. Each year 31.8 persons per hundred thousands of Iranians are killed in car accidents. Neighboring of North Khorasan province with Razavi Khorasan, a province with a lot of pilgrims caused a large number of passengers travel via North Khorasan province. This study aimed to evaluate the road accidents and its related factors in the city of bojnurd in March 2012. Materials and Methods: this cross-sectional study was done from … to … 2012(the New Year vacation in Iran). All injured or victims from car accidents who referred to the emergency department of the Imam Ali Hospital formed the research community. Data was gathered by a questionnaire consisting vehicle specification, driver and injured characteristics. For victims and those were not able to answer, we used the family members or relatives for gathering the data. All data analysis was done in SPSS version 19.Results: during the study period, 148 injured people were admitted to the hospital. Drivers’ mean age were 33.9 with the SD of 11.9 years; among them 43.2% were used seat belt. One driver and three passengers were killed immediately, and two drivers and three passengers died in the first 24 hours of admission. Fastening seat belt by drivers reduce the hospitalization rate significantly (p-value&lt;0.0001). 50.7% of the accidents were head-on collisions. Violation from the speed limit (41.3%), indiscretions (25.4%) and drowsiness were the most common causes of accident respectively.Conclusion: training the drivers, obligation for using seat belt by driver and passengers, rest after long hours driving , and more control of traffic police especially in two way roads could reduce the car accident or in case of accident help to prevent severe damage and injury. ReferencesThe world health report 2001. Mental health: new understanding, new hope. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2001.Kopits E, Cropper M. Traffic fatalities and economic growth.Washington, DC, the World Bank, 2003 (Policy Research WorkingPaper No. 3035).Murray C J L, Lopez A D. The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries, and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Boston, MA, Harvard School of Public Heath, 1996.Peden M, McGee K, Sharma G. The injury chart book: a graphical overview of the global burden of injuries. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2002.Murray C J L. The Global Burden of Disease 2000 project: aims, methods and data sources [revised]. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2001; (GPE Discussion Paper NO. 36)http://www.lmo.ir/index.aspx ? Siteid= 1 &amp;pageid =2369Crandall CS, Olson LM, Sklar DP. Mortality Reduction with Air Bag and Seat Belt Use in Head-on Passenger Car Collisions, American Journal of Epidemiology 2001; 153(3): 219–24.Karbakhsh M, RostamiGooran N, Zargar M. Factors influencing the severity of injuries in motor vehicle crashes. Payesh Journal 2004; 3(4): 273-278.Nazari R. Mortality and injury Severity in the Accident Victims Referred to the hefdahShahrivar Hospital of AmolL 2007, Journal babol University of Medical Sciences. 2011; 13(1): 76-81.Nilambar JHA, Srinivasa DK, Gautam R, Jagdish S, Minocha RK. Epidemiologyical Study of Road Traffic Accident Cases: A Study from South India. Indian Journal of Community Medicine 2004; 29(1):20-24.World health organization, Gender and Road Traffic Injuries, Department of Gender and Women’s Health, 2002.Rostami Kh, Zohouri H, Sayad Rezaei. The Epidemiology Study of Mortality Death Related Car Accidents, Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (JAUMS) 2009; 8(4 (30)):381-386.Sadeghian F, Khosravi A, Emamian M H, Younesian R. The pattern of road traffic injuries and related factors in Shahrood, Iran, Payesh Journal 2008; 7(3): 223-225.Yang B, Kim J. Road traffic accidents and policy intervention in Korea.Injury control and Safety Promotion 2003; 10(1-2):89-94.Claire Laberge-Nadeau et al. Crash risk and cell phone use: Important questions on the real risk for legal decision makers; 2006.Strayer D L, Drews F A, Crouch D J. A comparison of the cell-phone driver and the drunk driver. University of Utah, department of psychology 2006; 48(2): 381-391.Americans believe distracted driving increasing as a problem. A study finds - East Valley Tribune. Fri 2013; 21: 1-15.Connor J et al, Driver sleepiness and risk of serious injury to car occupants: population-based control study, British Medical Journal 2002; 324(7346): 1125.Malek M. A Study of the Relationship between the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Road Accidents among Truck Drivers, Occupational Medicine, 2011; 3(1):14-20.Fatigue, alcohol, other drugs, and medical factors in fatal-to-the-driver henry truck crashes. Volume 1.Washington, DC, National Transportation Safety Board, 1990.Odero W, Khyesi M, Heda PM. Road traffic injuries in Kenya: magnitude, causes and status of intervention. Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2003; 10:53-61.The road to safety 2001-2005: building the foundations of a safe and secure road traffic environment in South Africa. Pretoia, Ministry of Transport, 2001 (http://www.transport.gov.za/projects/index.html, accessed 17 November 2003)Hashem R, Masaeid A l. Traffic Accidents in Jordan. Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering, 2009; 3(4). 

An Easy Solution For The Diverting Loop Colostomy: Our Technique

Background: The loop colostomy is one of the most popular techniques used as a protective maneuver for a distal anastomosis and/or temporary fecal diversion. We are introducing the use of a full thickness skin bridge under the large bowel instead of a glass rod which alleviates problems such as protrusion of the large bowel, retraction of the bowel into the abdomen after removing the rod and hindering proper application of a colostomy bag over the stoma. Methods: Seventeen patients needing double barrel colostomy for complete diversion of fecal material were selected using loop colostomy with skin bridge. Three patients had Fournier's gangrene and 14 had penetrating rectal injury. Omega loop colostomy with a full thickness skin bridge was performed for fecal diversion. Results: All of the 17 patients had gas passing and full passage of fecal material within 3 days postoperatively. No case of skin necrosis and stitch abscess was encountered. No parastomal hernia or large prolapse was noted until healing was completed and patients were discharged and after at least 8 weeks and in Fournier's gangrene somewhat longer, the loop colostomy was closed without the need for formal laparotomy and without any case of anastomotic leak. Conclusion: In this study we confirmed that diverting loop colostomy using a skin bridge is a safe, rapid and easy to manage colostomy technique which gives complete diversion similar to double barrel colostomy without the need of performing a laparotomy for closure of the colostomy

Effects of probiotics supplementation on blood pressure: An umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

−0.79, p &lt; 0.001, and SMD = −0.60 mmHg; 95% CI: −1.08, −0.12, p = 0.014) following probiotics supplementation. Greater effects on SBP were revealed in trials with a mean age of &gt;50 years and the duration of intervention ≤10 weeks. DBP was also more reduced in studies with a dosage of ≥1010 colony forming unit (CFU), and SBP was decreased in patients with hypertension or diabetes analyzing WMD. Conclusion: The present umbrella meta-analysis suggests probiotics supplementation to improve BP and claims that probiotics could be used as a complementary therapy for controlling high BP. Prospero ID: CRD42022306560. © 2022 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II Universit