Innovative Design of External Airbag System for Improved Automotive Safety

© 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives CC BY-NC-ND licence, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Pedestrians are exceptionally vulnerable in road accidents, and despite the advancements in airbag technology for vehicle occupants, fatal injuries still occur due to contact between pedestrians and vehicle components. To address this issue, an innovative solution is introduced in this research: an external airbag system designed to safeguard pedestrians in cases of brake failure. The proposed system includes four airbag modules strategically positioned within the front bumper of the vehicle. These modules are specifically designed to deploy during a collision, providing protection for the pedestrian's head, legs, and body. Equipped with a highly sensitive sensor, the system triggers the airbag electronic controller unit (ECU) upon collision detection. The external airbag curtains deploy, shielding the pedestrian's head from striking the bonnet, while an additional airbag safeguards the pedestrian's legs from impact with the front bumper. With the introduction of this innovative external airbag system, the main goal is to significantly improve road safety for all individuals and prevent numerous fatalities. The introduction of the innovative external airbag system marks a significant advancement in pedestrian safety within the realm of road accidents. By strategically positioning four airbag modules within the vehicle's front bumper and equipping them with a highly sensitive sensor, this system effectively deploys during collisions to protect pedestrians' heads, legs, and bodies. The deployment of external airbag curtains shields pedestrians' heads from striking the bonnet, while an additional airbag safeguards their legs from impact with the front bumper. Through this research and implementation, the primary objective is to enhance road safety for all individuals and mitigate the occurrence of numerous fatalities resulting from pedestrian-vehicle collisions.Peer reviewe

The Flexi Planar Fuel Cell

The Flexi Planar fuel cell is a new type of lightweight polymer electrolyte fuel cell design. The approach utilises standard, reliable and low cost printed circuit board fabrication processes. An iterative approach is adopted and feasibility along with excellent test characteristics for short modules have been successfully demonstrated

Regulations, Economic Freedom and Bank Performance: Evidence from the EU-10 Economies

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This article examines the unrest that emanated in Athens and rolled out across Greek cities in December 2008 as a case through which to advance understanding of how local, national and international arenas may together shape localised episodes of disorder. We begin by addressing the proximate and structural causes of the unrest, before turning to explore the multifarious character of protest actions, including novel and derivative forms of contestation deployed by protestors, and public debate about the appropriate apportioning of blame amongst the variety of actors involved. Finally, we look at the diverse outcomes of the unrest and their impact upon extant socio-political tensions. For each stage of the lifecycle of the unrest, we evaluate the relevance of international actors, practices and discourses. Our analysis of the Greek unrest of 2008 suggests, first, that the array of intersections between global, national and local dimensions of unrest are more diverse than has heretofore been recognised by pertinent scholarship; and second, that international or transnational factors may play a significant role in the emergence, conduct and consequences of disorder even in instances where national and local dynamics remain predominant