Determination of Copper and Lead and Study their Poisonous Effects in Drinking Water in Baghdad

The objective of this study is to determine the concentration of copper and lead (mg/L) in drinking water by using absorption spectrophotometic and Atomic Absorption spectrophotometric method from different area in Baghdad and with different intervals , The results show that the concentration of copper and Lead ( mgL) in tap water which remains motionless in plumbing system for following periods one hours, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 7 days and 14 days are (1 , 2.2 , 4 , 5.3 , 7.5 , 10 and 16 mgL copper ) & ( 0.3, 0.5 , 0.8 , 1 , 2.5 , 3 , 3.8 mg /L lead ) respectively .from these results its clear that high levels of copper & Lead occur if tap water comes in contact with copper - lead plumbing and copper lead -containing fixtures in the water distribution system. If tap water remains motionless in the plumbing system for some time. These amounts of copper and Lead are believed to give rise to the symptoms of chemical food poisoning precipitated by the ingestion of alcohol on an empty stomach ( in presence of copper ). Also children under one year of age are more sensitive to copper than adults. Long-term exposure (more than 14 days) to copper - lead in drinking water which is much higher than 1,000 ug/I has been found to cause kidney and liver damage in infants, In case of Lead it can effect a children physical development & ability to learn

Alien Registration- Hassen, Edgar A. (Madawaska, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/24914/thumbnail.jp

Effect of supplementing or treating Eragrostis curvula hay with urea or nitrate on its digestibility and in vitro fermentation

The potential of dietary nitrate to reduce enteric methane, apart from it being a source of rumen-degradable nitrogen, has stimulated further research into its use. However, not much has been reported on its suitability in feed treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of urea or nitrate and two methods of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) application (anaerobic pre-treatment versus direct supplementation) to Eragrostis curvula hay, on its in vitro fermentation. An iso-nitrogenous level of NPN (7 g nitrogen/kg feed dry matter (DM)) from either urea or calcium nitrate was used to pre-treat hay by subjecting it to 30 days’ anaerobic storage in airtight bottles, or by direct supplementation; each diet having three replicates. Hay samples were dried, milled, and evaluated for in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and in vitro gas and methane production, while rumen fluid was analysed for pH, ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Compared with the untreated hay (control), under both methods of application NPN generally did not increase 48-hour gas production, but did increase the IVOMD of E. curvula hay. However, pre-treatment of E. curvula hay improved IVOMD more than supplementation. Urea inclusion enhanced digestibility more than nitrate, and the urea pre-treatment was more effective than supplementation. In contrast, nitrate inclusion significantly reduced methane production compared with urea and the control, and supplementation of nitrate was more effective in reducing methane than pre-treatment with nitrate. Pre-treatment with nitrate as supplementation increased digestibility and reduced enteric methane emission, indicating the potential of using nitrate as a hydrolytic agent in feed treatment.Keywords: digestibility, feed treatment, methane emission, non-protein nitrogen, volatile fatty acid

Gigantic Stomach: A Rare Manifestation of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by degeneration and atrophy of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles after a latent period of apparently normal development and function. The gastrointestinal manifestations start in the second decade of life and are mainly due to atrophy of smooth muscle layers. Refractory gastroparesis and chronic constipation can lead to severe gastric and small bowel dilatation, which can be life threatening. Here, we present a case of a 21-year-old male with a gigantic stomach secondary to DMD resolved with conservative management and no surgical intervention

Evaluation of Selection Practices in Three Lines of Beef Cattle

Selection practices in three synthetic lines of beef cattle were evaluated based on data collected over 12 to 13 years. Sires from the Jersey, Angus and Simmental breeds were mated to three lines of foundation crossbred dams to produce first generation progeny. Subsequent calves were produced mating crossbred parents of the same generation. Crossbred sires were selected based on an index that included hip height and weight at weaning. At Rhodes, a total of 2.84 to 3.07 generations of selection have been carried out. This provided a mean generation interval of 4.33, 4.23 and 4.58 years in small, medium and large lines, respectively. At McNay, the corresponding generation interval values were 4.15 years for small and medium lines and 5.29 years for the large. The mean weighted sire selection differential for the index in the small line was 1.28 s/generation. In the medium cattle these values were -.57 s/generation (Rhodes) and -.36 s/generation (McNay). For the large synthetic cattle the index differential ranged from .71 s/generation at McNay to .92 s/generation at Rhodes. Of the total mean parental selection differential, sire contribution ranged from 86% to 95%. Selection differential values for components of the index indicated that the index equations often favored weaning weight, and this was very pronounced in the medium line. Regardless of the line, selection criteria have been strictly followed. However, all the maximum potential sires have not been utilized

Effect of mechanical consolidation on adhesion mechanism of hybrid non-woven Alfa fibers reinforced unsaturated polyester composite

Vibrational analysis based on FTIR measurements were performed on hybrid non-woven Alfa fibers reinforced unsaturated polyester composite (HNWAFRUP) and its constituents. The reinforcement was made up of Alfa and wool fibers in the relative volume fractions ratio 4:1. These non-woven fibers sheet were consolidated mechanically by means of the needle punching. This study revealed that the increase of passages numbers in this device allowed the separation of the Alfa fibers and the reduction of the lignins component in these fibers which decreased its hydrophilic character. Chemical reactions between wool and Alfa fibers were based mainly on the appearance of new vibrations originating from wool fibers in the reinforcement. Adhesion mechanism between the matrix and the reinforcement was established by chemical bonds formed by secondary bonding. Tensile testing performed on this composite revealed the enhancement of its mechanical properties attributed to a less fiber to fiber contact of wool fibers. Nevertheless, the decrease of its specific Youngs modulus revealed the mechanical consolidation effect on Alfa fibers/matrix adhesion