Investigation of the effect of ph value on the removal of cobalt from aqueous solutions by low cost activated carbon material

It is well recognized that the Cobalt is among the prominent contaminants in aqueous solutions. This hazardous metal can result in a high risk contamination and causes illness. It should be mentioned that the Cobalt metal also appears in wastewaters of a lot of manufacture and it can produce variety of undesirable effects. For removal of this contaminant from water many methods are used in this way. In this paper the bark of oak is intended as an alternative, low-cost, filter material for contaminated waters. In this research we investigate the removal of Cobalt metal on activated carbon. This was prepared from Iranian oak bark, from solutions. Adsorption of Cobalt was studied in batch tests. In this research, the effect of pH as the operation condition was investigated. The obtained results are discussed in the following sections

Influence of the addition of nano-Silica particles as reinforcement on the tensile yield properties of Polyamide 6 polymeric matrix used in medical applications

It is well known that the polymer matrix nanocomposites are one of the most important polymeric materials that are used in medical applications due to the exhibition of very good mechanical and thermal properties. In this study the authors have used Polyamide 6 (Nylon) polymer for preparing polymeric nanocomposite samples. Silica nano-particles have been used as reinforcement for reinforcing the polyamide 6 polymer matrix. After the sample preparation, influence of nano-particles on the tensile ultimate strength and tensile Young modulus of the Polyamide 6 has been investigated experimentally. It is found that using nano-silica can significantly improve the tensile properties of Polyamide 6 polymer. Test results shows that addition of nano-scale silica particles can modify the tensile characterstics of the polymer i.e. improve the tensile elastic Young's modulus of the polymer. Similar trend is observed for the tensile ultimate strength of polyamide 6 nanocomposites, where the presence of nano-silica modify the ultimate strength of the material

Incidence and mortality of breast cancer and their relationship to development in Asia

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and mortality of breast cancer, and its relationship with human development index (HDI) and its components in Asia in 2012. Materials and Methods: This study was an ecologic study in Asia for assessment of the correlation between age-specific incidence rate (ASIR) and age-specific mortality rate (ASMR) with HDI and its details that include: life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling and gross national income (GNI) per capita. Data about SIR and SMR for every Asian country for the year 2012 were obtained from the global cancer project. We used a bivariate method for assessment of the correlation between SIR and SMR and HDI and its individual components. Statistical significance was assumed if P < 0.05. All reported P-values are two-sided. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Version 15.0, SPSS Inc.). Results: In 2012, 639,824 cases of breast cancer were recorded in Asian countries. Countries with the highest standardized incidence rate (ASIR) (per 100,000) were Israel (80.5), Lebanon (78.7), Armenia (74.1) and the highest standard mortality rate (ASMR) was observed in Pakistan (25.2), Armenia (24.2), and Lebanon (24). There was a positive correlation between the ASIR of breast cancer and HDI (r = 0.556, p < 0.001), whereas there was a negative correlation between the ASMR of breast cancer and HDI (r = -0.051). Conclusions: Breast cancer incidence in countries with higher development is greater, while mortality is greatest in countries with less development. There was a positive and significant relationship between the ASIR of breast cancer and HDI and its components. Also there was a negative but non significant relationship between the ASMR of breast cancer and HDI

Investigation of the physical abrasion of ternary polymer reinforced with nanoparticles used in medical applications

Nanocomposites are one of the most important polymeric materials that exhibit excellent biological, physical, chemical and thermal properties. Rubber based nanocomposites is one of the mast interesting field in the literatures and material science. The abrasion properties of ternary nanocomposites based on Styrene Butadiene rubber have been investigated with presence of nano aluminum oxide. The nanocomposites have been prepared by mechanical blending using two roll mills. Nano Aluminum oxide particles have been added to Styrene Butadiene rubber/Phenolic Resin binder and the abrasion properties have been surveyed. Results showed that the nano Aluminum oxide particles could enhance the abrasion resistance of matrix due to abrasive properties of nano Aluminum oxide particles. In order to better understanding the behavior of the material, optical microscopic observation and scanning electron microscopic pictures hve been conducted in this investigation that the obtained results revealed the presence of this phenomenon in abrasion properties of the ternary nanocomposite polymeric samples

Adsorption of acetone from polluted air by activated carbon derived from low cost materials

In this investigation, adsorption of acetone from air on the activated carbon derived from agricultural solid waste was studied. The best of our knowledge is to find the best activated carbons from low cost material to remove hazardous compound. The effect of adsorption temperature, initial concentration and effect of raw materials were reported. It is clear that the adsorption temperatures have the negative effect on the adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity increases with increasing the initial concentration. Three activated carbons were prepared, one (Norit) was purchased and apricot and walnut shell were prepared by physical method and carbon dioxide and water vapor as chemical agent, respectively

Removal of m-xylene from water by impregnated activated carbon

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main matters which can pollute water therefore, must be controlled under increasingly stringent environmental regulations.This work analyses the adsorption of impregnated active carbons prepared with oak bark to remove m-xylene from aqueous solutions. When the impregnation step is performed on the raw material then carbonizations of activated carbon was carried out. Not expensive raw material and chemical agent were used as active species where used for preparing the appropriate adsorbent for removal of m-xylene from water. In this work the effect of adsorption temperature, pH and the initial concentration of process were investigated. It is clear that with increasing the initial concentration the removal efficiency of adsorption will be increased. The effect of temperature was studied by increasing the temperature from 20 to 60 °C. with increasing the temperature the removal efficiency will be increased in the range of 20-60 °C

Investigation of the physical abrasion of rubber polymer reinforced with nanoparticles used in fabrication of medical devices

With recent development in nanotechnology, nanocomposite materials have become of the most important polymeric materials which exhibit excellent biological, physical, chemical and thermal properties. Rubber based nanocomposites is one of the mast interesting field in the literatures and material science. In this paper preparation and characterization of rubber/ resin with nano iron oxide has been done. Two roll mills method have been used for mixing compounds. This route of mixing has been attracted in recent years especially for rubber and resin based nanocomposites. Effect of nano iron oxide on the abrasion properties of compounds has been investigated. The results show that with addition of nano iron oxide to acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/resin matrix, abrasion content of compounds has been decreased. Moreover the scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy images have been used for better recognition of abrasion manner of compounds

Investigation of the removal of heavy hazardous metals by agricultural solid waste as an cheap reliable adsorbent

It is well-recognized that the heavy metals are among the prominent contaminants in aqueous solutions. This hazardous metal can result in a high risk contamination and causes illness. It should be mentioned that the metals also appears in wastewaters of a lot of manufacture and it can produce variety of undesirable effects. For removal of this contaminant from water many methods are used in this way. This paper investigates adsorption Sr (II) from aqueous solutions is the most important aim of this paper. A low cost adsorbent which prepared by hazelnut shell as an agricultural solid waste was used in this study. The best of our knowledge is to use solid waste as an adsorbent without converting it to activated carbon, just by simple method. Some operational conditions such as temperature, speed velocity of stirrer and dose of prepared adsorbent were investigated by some experiments. The high efficiency adsorption was achieved by this low cost adsorbent. The raw material in this research was collected from Iranian garden

Investigation of the morphological properties of medical-used natural rubber composites reinforced with nano Iron oxide nanoparticles

Polymer matrix nanocomposites are one of the most important polymeric materials that exhibit very good mechanical and thermal properties. These materials have applications in medical goods. In this paper nanocomposites based on natural rubber and solid epoxy polymeric resin reinforced with nano-sized iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanopatricles are prepared via mechanical blending method. Indeed the melt mixing process by two roll mills are used in this investigation to prepare a well-dispersed nanocomposite samples. In these compounds, dispersion and distribution of nano iron oxide in the natural rubber / solid epoxy resin matrix are investigated. We investigate the morphology of natural rubber / solid epoxy resin/nano iron oxide nanocomposites by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results of morphological observations of present investigation showed that the presence of nano iron oxide has almost been distributed in the natural rubber matrix