Silicon chips inserted into líving cells

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A Semantic web page linguistic annotation model

Although with the Semantic Web initiative much research on web page semantic annotation has already been done by AI researchers, linguistic text annotation, including the semantic one, was originally developed in Corpus Linguistics and its results have been somehow neglected by AI. The purpose of the research presented in this proposal is to prove that integration of results in both fields is not only possible, but also highly useful in order to make Semantic Web pages more machine-readable. A multi-level (possibly multi-purpose and multi-language) annotation model based on EAGLES standards and Ontological Semantics, implemented with last generation Semantic Web languages is being developed to fit the needs of both communities

ONTOGENERATION: Reusing Domain and Linguistic Ontologies for Spanish Text Generation

A significant problem facing the reuse of ontologies is to make their content more widely accessible to any potential user. Wording all the information represented in an ontology is the best way to ease the retrieval and understanding of its contents. This article proposes a general approach to reuse domain and linguistic ontologies with natural language generation technology, describing a practical system for the generation of Spanish texts in the domain of chemical substances. For this purpose the following steps have been taken: (a) an ontology in the chemicals domain developed under the METHONTOLOGY framework and the Ontology Design Environment (ODE) has been taken as knowledge source; (b) the linguistic ontology GUM (Generalized Upper Model) used in other languages has been extended and modified for Spanish; (c) a Spanish grammar has been built following the systemic-functional model by using the KPML (Komet-Penman Multilingual) environment. As result, the final system named Ontogeneration permits the user to consult and retrieve all the information of the ontology in Spanish

Espacios de gobernanza para la adaptación al cambio global en ríos mediterráneos: el proyecto REDAPTA en las cuencas de los ríos Tordera y Serpis

[EN] The REDAPTA project, "Spaces of Governance for the Adaptation to Global Change in Mediterranean Rivers", developed its activities simultaneously in the Tordera (Catalonia) and Serpis (Valencia Region) river basins. The project worked in collaboration with two "spaces of governance" in the two basins: the "Taula del Delta i de la Baixa Tordera" and the "Plataforma Ciutadana per a la Defensa del Riu Serpis". The methodology used aimed at fostering knowledge exchange and deliberation, delivering an adaptation strategy for the basins including ten measures co-produced with stakeholders. The second result of the REDAPTA project is a handbook describing the concepts and approach used, the main methodological steps of the co-design process and the lessons learned during its implementation. To raise awareness and showcase the importance of public engagement in river monitoring, field visits were organised in the Tordera and the Serpis rivers, including capacity building activities. The participants were able to get to know a river stretch and, by using digital tools developed by the project teams, they could record some observations and indicators for a basic characterisation. Finally, aiming to promote this innovative approach, the project encouraged the exchange of experiences between different organisations in a specific seminar and explored their interest in creating an "Iberian Network of Spaces of Governance for Water Management".[ES] El proyecto REDAPTA, "Espacios de Gobernanza para la Adaptación al Cambio Global en Ríos Mediterráneos", desarrolló sus actividades de forma simultánea en las cuencas de los ríos Tordera (Cataluña) y Serpis (Comunidad Valenciana). El proyecto trabajó en colaboración con dos "espacios de gobernanza": la "Taula del Delta i de la Baixa Tordera" y la "Plataforma Ciutadana per a la Defensa del Riu Serpis". Se siguió una metodología para el proceso de co-diseño, con el objetivo de intercambiar conocimientos y fomentar la deliberación, y el resultado fue un documento estratégico de adaptación, para cada cuenca, que incluye diez medidas concretas de adaptación co-producidas con los actores. El segundo resultado del REDAPTA fue un manual que describe los conceptos y el enfoque aplicados, las principales etapas metodológicas del proceso de co-diseño y las lecciones aprendidas durante su aplicación. Con el objetivo de concienciar a la ciudadanía y visibilizar la importancia del seguimiento participativo de actuaciones de mejora fluvial, se realizó una actividad en campo en ambos ríos, con una primera parte de capacitación y una segunda de toma de información. Los participantes pudieron conocer un tramo del río y, utilizando las herramientas digitales desarrolladas por el proyecto, pudieron registrar diferentes observaciones e indicadores para su caracterización básica. Por último, con el fin de promover el enfoque innovador del proyecto, se llevó a cabo una jornada de intercambio de experiencias entre diferentes organizaciones, explorando su interés en crear una "Red Ibérica de Espacios de Gobernanza para la Gestión del Agua".Broekman, A.; Garófano-Gómez, V.; Martinez-Capel, F.; Sanchez-Plaza, A. (2021). Espacios de gobernanza para la adaptación al cambio global en ríos mediterráneos: el proyecto REDAPTA en las cuencas de los ríos Tordera y Serpis. RestauraRíos. 1:1-16. https://doi.org/10.51443/RestauraRios.2021.01S116

Ontogeneration: Arquitectura basada en ontologías para la generación de textos en castellano

En este trabajo se presenta Ontogeneration, una arquitectura para generar textos en castellano utilizando ontologías lingüísticas y de dominio con la tecnología KPML de generación de lenguaje natural. Además se ha construido un sistema que genera textos en castellano en el dominio de las sustancias químicas. Para alcanzar tales resultados, se han seguido los siguientes pasos: a) se ha tomado como fuente de conocimiento una ontología en el dominio químico construida usando la metodología de desarrollo de ontologías llamada METHONTOLOGY y el Entorno de Diseño de Ontologías (Ontology Design Environment: ODE), b) se ha extendido y modificado la ontología lingüística GUM (Generalized Upper Model) para el castellano, c) se ha construido una gramática para el castellano siguiendo el modelo sistémico-funcional usando el entorno KPML (Komet Penman Multilingual). Se consigue, así, que los contenidos almacenados en la ontología de dominio sean accesibles por usuarios legos en la materia

Paraganglioma of Prostatic Origin

Introduction Paragangliomas are usually benign tumors arising from chromaffin cells located outside the adrenal gland. Prostatic paraganglioma is an unusual entity in adult patients, with only 10 cases reported in the medical literature. Case Report A 34-year-old male with a history of chronic prostatitis consulted for perineal pain. On digital rectal examination the prostate was enlarged and firm, without nodules. The PSA level was 0.8 ng/mL and the catecholamines in the urine were elevated. On ultrasound a retrovesical 9 cm mass of undetermined origin measuring was present. A PET-CT scan showed a pelvic lesion measuring 9 cm with moderate increase in glucidic metabolism localized in the area of the prostate. A biopsy of the prostate revealed a neuroendocrine tumor, possibly a prostatic paraganglioma. A body scintigraphy with MIBG I-123 ruled out the presence of metastases or multifocal tumor. A radical prostatectomy with excision of the pelvic mass was performed under adrenergic blockade. One year after surgery the patient is asymptomatic and disease free. Discussion/Conclusions Prostatic paraganglioma is a rare, usually benign tumor, which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of prostate tumors in young males. Its diagnosis is based on the determination of catecholamine in blood and 24-hour urine and in imaging studies principally scintigraphy with MIBG I-123. Diagnostic confirmation is by histopathological study. The treatment consists of radical resection under adrenergic blockade and volume expansion. Given the limited number of cases reported, it is difficult to establish prognostic factors. Malignancy is defined by clinical criteria, and requires life long follow-up

Procedencia del material pétreo de los molinos de los yacimientos Cogotas I (Bronce Medio y Tardío) de la Cuenca del Duero y modelos consecuentes de flujo

The source provenance of twelve hand grindstones of Cogotian sites from the sedimentary Duero Basin was characterized using petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical criteria, according to an operational process previously proposed. Many of the provenances were determined after trace-element normalized diagrams and comparative diagrams with respect to available data from potential source areas. This methodology confirms that the geochemical signature can be seen as an archaeological fingerprint which allows the identification of facies or rock sub-types from the established source areas. Granite sources are the commonest provenance, although granodiorite, orthogneisses and sandstone are also involved, all of them belonging to the Variscan Basement. One of these source areas includes copper minerals, which could have been used for metallurgical purposes. Probably, since the early phase of Cogotas I, the principle of least effort no longer was a guiding force to boost the supply of material. The archaeological sites experienced a long-distance raw material supply in crossed directions, according to the established sources areas, indicating a dense network of connections between the commnunities of the region at a hecto-kilometric scale.Se ha estudiado la procedencia del material pétreo de doce molinos de diferentes yacimientos cogotenses de la Cuenca del Duero. Utilizando una marcha metodológica previa, se alcanza una caracterización petrográfica, mineralógica y geoquímica del material, incluyendo el tratamiento de elementos traza mediante diagramas de normalización y comparación con datos disponibles de áreas fuente potenciales. Esto ha permitido, en muchos casos, la identificación de áreas fuente locales ya que la signatura geoquímica representa una huella arqueológica fidedigna de las facies o subtipos de rocas implicadas. La mayoría de las áreas fuente identificadas son graníticas, existiendo también granodioritas, gneises y areniscas, todas ellas pertenecientes al basamento varisco. Una de estas áreas incluye minerales de cobre, eventualmente aprovechables para metalurgia. Probablemente, ya desde la fase inicial de Cogotas I dejó de regir el principio del mínimo esfuerzo en el aprovisionamiento del material. El suministro de materias primas a los yacimientos arqueológicos es de carácter lejano y en direcciones cruzadas, de acuerdo con las áreas fuente establecidas, indicando una densa red de conexiones entre las comunidades de la región a escala hectokilométric

Strength plus Endurance Training and Individualized Diet Reduce Fat Mass in Overweight Subjects:A Randomized Clinical Trial

Studies with overweight people are a priority in order to observe the effect of the timing of intervention on pre-obesity people. The aim was to compare different physical activity programs plus an individualized hypocaloric diet on body composition in overweight subjects. A randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out in overweight adults with no history of relevant illness. Primary outcome was total fat mass (TFM). Participants were allocated into four activity programs with equal intensity and volume of exercise for 22 weeks: strength training (S), endurance training (E), strength + endurance training (SE), and 'adhering to physical activity recommendations' (C). Participants followed a diet with 25% less energy (50%-55% carbohydrates, 30%-35% fat) measured by accelerometer. Variables were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. One hundred nineteen from 205 subjects were randomized in the four exercise groups (S = 30/E = 30/SE = 30/C = 29) and 84 participants (36 men/48 women) ended the intervention (S = 19/E = 25/SE = 22/C = 18). At the end of the experiment, all groups except C increased their total physical activity (S = 1159 ± 1740; E = 1625 ± 1790; SE = 1699 ± 2516; C = 724 ± 1979 MET-min/week). Using an ANOVA-test, improvements were observed in body weight (S = -4.6 ± 4.5; E = -6.6 ± 4.6; SE = -8.5 ± 2.8; C = -6.1 ± 5.6 kg, p = 0.059) and TFM (S = -4.24 ± 2.02; E = -4.74 ± 2.96; SE = -6.74 ± 3.27; C = -3.94 ± 4.18%; p < 0.05). The main conclusion was that there were no adverse events. Strength and endurance training with a balanced, individualized hypocaloric diet was the most effective at reducing weight loss and fat mass in overweight subjects. Trial registration: NCT01116856

Fertilization and connectivity in the Garrucha Canyon (SE-Spain) Implications for Marine Spatial Planning

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