Regeneration of Algerian

Stigma/style somatic embryogenesis is one of the efficient methods in plant regeneration of most Citrus ssp., without inducing somaclonal variations. Furthermore, somatic embryogenesis from style/stigma proved to be effective in the elimination of the main citrus virus and virus-like diseases. This technique was applied on Algerian citrus collection. Different Citrus species [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, C. limon (L.) Burm, C. reticulata Blanco, C. paradisi Macfad, C. reshni Hort. ex Tan., C. jambhiri Lush and C. maxima (Burm.) Merrill] were chosen and tested for the presence of the main virus and virus-like agents. Most of the genotypes showed to be infected, mainly by viroid agents. Closed flowers were collected and in vitro cultured on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6- benzylaminopurine. All explants produced callus about 4 to 9 days after culture initiation, whereas embryogenesis occurred after 38 to 150 days in most of the cultured genotypes. Formed embryos were cultured in a single tube before in vivo acclimatization. After sanitary assays, regenerated plants were shown to be free from the agents detected in the mother trees.Key words: Algeria, citrus germplasm, plant regeneration, sanitation, somatic embryogenesis

La malattia ossea post-trapianto

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LDL size and subclasses in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm

Since the type of dyslipidemia in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is still insufficiently defined, we measured plasma lipids and analyzed LDL size and subclasses by gradient gel electrophoresis in 30 male patients (69+/-6 years, BMI: 27+/-3) with newly diagnosed AAA and in 26 age- and BMI-matched male healthy controls. Patients with AAA had lower HDL-cholesterol (p<.0001), increased triglycerides (p=.0002) and smaller LDL size (p<.0001) as well as increased levels of total small, dense LDL (p=.0210) in relation to controls. Multivariate analysis also showed that small LDL size was independently associated with the presence of AAA (p=.0350). Increased levels of small, dense LDL may therefore represent a common feature in patients with AAA

Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype and LDL size and subclasses in patients with peripheral arterial disease

The type of dyslipidemia in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is still ill defined. PAD patients often show elevated triglycerides and reduced HDL-cholesterol, two lipid abnormalities usually accompanied by decreased LDL size in the "atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype" (ALP). We investigated (1) whether PAD patients have lower LDL size, (2) altered LDL subclass distribution and (3) the prevalence of ALP. We measured plasma lipids and LDL size and subclasses by gradient gel electrophoresis in 31 adults with intermittent claudication and 31 age-BMI-matched controls. Patients had higher prevalence of hypertension (p = .0132), smoking (p < .0020) and diabetes (p = .0024), with lower HDL-cholesterol (p < .0001) and increased triglycerides (p = .0057); LDL size was smaller (p < .0001), with decreased larger subclasses (LDL-I, p < .0001; LDL-IIA, p = .0068) and increased smaller particles (LDL-IIIA, p < .0001; LDL-IIIB, p = .0013; LDL-IVA, p = .0029; LDL-IVB, p < .0001). The presence of PAD was independently associated with smoking (OR 7.2, p = .0099), hypertension (OR 6.5, p = .0362), diabetes (OR 5.5, p = .0450) and elevated small, dense LDL (OR 6.7, p = .0497). The concomitant presence of high triglycerides, low HDL-cholesterol and elevated small, dense LDL in patients was 26% (versus 0% controls, p = .0024). ALP seems to characterize PAD dyslipidemia, but prospective studies are needed to test whether this lipoprotein phenotype may represent a risk factor too. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved