Training and fitness variability in elite youth soccer:perspectives from a difficulty prediction model

Research within sport science disciplines seeks to enhance performance via the combination of factors that influences the team’s periodization. The current study aimed to investigate the variations in training load (TL), and the consequential changes in fitness variables, based on the use of match difficulty prediction model (MDP), level of opposition (LOP), days between matches, and match location during 12 weeks in the competitive period I. Seventeen elite soccer players (age = 17.57 ± 0.49 years; body height 1.79 ± 0.05 m; body weight 72.21 ± 6.96 kg), have completed a Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test, a running-based anaerobic sprint test, a soccer-specific repeated sprint ability, and a vertical jump test to identify changes in players fitness. TL was determined by multiplying the RPE of the session by its duration in minutes (s-RPE). Training monotony, strain, and acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR) were also assessed. A simple regression model was conducted and the highest variances explained (R2) were used. The LOP score explained most of the variance in ACWR (r= 0.606, R2=0.37). TL declined significantly when compared the match-day by the first three days and the last three days of the week. No significant difference was found in s-RPE between the high and low MDP factor. Strong negative correlations were reported between ACWR and LOP (r=-0.714, p<.01). In addition, we found a significant improvement in repeated sprint ability, aerobic and anaerobic fitness variables between pre- and post-test in fatigue index (d=1.104), best testing time, ideal time, total time and mean-best (d=0.518-0.550), and aerobic and anaerobic fitness variables (p<.05), respectively. The MDP could facilitate the training prescription as well as the distribution of training intensities with high specificity, providing a long-term youth player’s development and allowing teams to maintain optimal fitness leading into more difficult matches

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P &lt; 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Magnetotransport properties of polycrystalline La0.75Ho0.05Sr0.2MnO3

In this study, we have tried to simulate both temperature and magnetic field dependence of electrical resistivity for polycrystalline La 0.75 Ho 0.05 Sr 0.2 MnO 3. The studied sample was elaborated by sol-gel method. The energydispersive X-ray confirms the presence of Ho element. The temperature dependence of resistivity in the whole temperature range (100-300 K) was successfully fitted by phenomenological percolation model, testifying the percolative nature of the electrical transition. The evolution of the volume fraction of the ferromagnetic phase is in agreement with the magnetic properties. The magnetic field dependence of resistivity follows the recently established universal behaviour of resistivity, which may confirm the validity of this model

Détection de la circulation de virus West Nile chez les Équidés dans le nord-ouest de la Tunisie

International audienceTwo outbreaks of West Nile Fever (FWN) were observed in the Sahel of Tunisia in 1997 and 2003. Several cases of meningitis and meningoencephalitis have been described in humans during these two outbreaks. However, no animal or clinical findings or seroconversion have been detected despite a high seroprevalence in human beings found around the affected areas. Few data are available regarding the spreading of this virus in other parts of the country. The purpose of this study was to detect a possible WNV spread in horses in some areas of Tunisia considered to be at risk for WNV but which had not been affected by previous outbreaks. A total of 133 equine blood samples were collected in six delegations from three governorates in the north-west of Tunisia. A second blood sampling was taken from animals that were tested negative after the first sampling for IgG to identify possible seroconversion. Detection of IgG was done using competitive ELISA. A significant viral spread was detected in the study area. Out of 133 samples tested for IgG during the first sampling, 36 samples were tested positive (27.1%). Two seroconversions were detected between September and October 2008 out of 84 samples tested. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between the presence of a wetland within 10 km and seroconversion. The presence of cattle seems to be a protective factor.Deux épidémies à virus West Nile (VWN) ont été observées dans la région du Sahel tunisien en 1997 et en 2003. Plusieurs cas de méningites et de méningoencéphalites ont été décrits chez l’Homme durant ces deux épidémies. Mais, aucun cas animal, ni clinique ni de séroconversion, n’a été rapporté. De plus, peu de données sont disponibles quant à la circulation de ce virus dans les autres régions du pays. Le but de la présente étude était de détecter une éventuelle circulation virale de VWN chez les Équidés dans certaines régions de la Tunisie où des épidémies n’ont pas été enregistrées auparavant. Un total de 133 Équidés a été prélevé dans six délégations appartenant à trois gouvernorats du nord-ouest de la Tunisie entre août et octobre 2008. Les Équidés qui se sont avérés négatifs en IgG au premier prélèvement ont fait l’objet d’un deuxième prélèvement ultérieur pour identifier de possibles séroconversions. L’analyse des IgG a été réalisée par Elisa compétitif. L’étude a permis de détecter une circulation virale dans la zone étudiée. Sur les 133 prélèvements testés en IgG lors de la première visite, 36 prélèvements étaient positifs ; soit une séroprévalence de l’ordre de 27,1 %. Une deuxième série de prélèvements a été réalisée sur 84 Équidés: le résultat s’était avéré négatif. Deux séroconversions ont été détectées entre les mois de septembre et d’octobre 2008. L’analyse a montré une association statistiquement significative entre la présence d’une zone humide à moins de 10 km et la séroprévalence. La présence de bovins semble être un facteur protecteur

Rare earth effect on structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of La 0.75 Ln 0.05 Sr 0.2 MnO 3 manganites

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Room temperature magnetocaloric effect in polycrystalline La0.75Bi0.05Sr0.2MnO3

In this work, we have investigated the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of polycrystalline La0.75Bi0.05Sr0.2MnO3 prepared by sol–gel method. Structural analysis has shown that this compound crystallizes in the rhombohedral structure with R3¯c space group. The magnetic study revealed that our sample exhibits a ferromagnetic–paramagnetic transition at 300 K. A significant magnetocaloric effect in the vicinity of the room temperature was detected for this sample (for only 2T applied field, the maximum of magnetic entropy change |∆SMax| = 1.75 J/kg K and the relative cooling power RCP = 77.12 J/kg). The obtained results suggest the possibility of using this compound as a magnetic refrigerant

Rare earth effect on the critical behavior of La 0.75 Ln 0.05 Sr 0.2 MnO 3 manganites

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Magnetotransport mechanisms and magnetoresistive properties in La0.75Dy0.05Sr0.2MnO3 polycrystalline manganite

International audienceWe have studied in this work the electrical and magnetoresistive properties of polycrystalline La0.75Dy0.05Sr0.2MnO3. Magnetic study has shown the presence of a paramagnetic–ferromagnetic transition at Curie temperature TC = 225 K. Temperature-dependent resistivity shows two resistivity peaks. The magnetotransport in the metallic phase can be described by Zener’s polynomial law, while small polaron hopping mechanism is more suitable to describe resistivity evolution in the insulating phase. The resistivity upturn observed around 75 K was ascribed to electron–electron scattering process at low temperature. We have recorded important values of negative magnetoresistance (MR) around TC (MR (T) ~ 22% and MR (H) ~ 19%) for only 1 T applied magnetic field. This suggests the possibility of using our sample for magnetic field sensing and spintronics