Synthesis, Biological activity and Mass Spectral Fragmentation Patterns of some New Fused Phthalazine-1,4-dione Derivatives

1,2,4-Triazino[1,2-b]phthalazine-6,11-dione (3) and 1,2,4-triazino[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-dione (4) were prepared via the reaction of 2-aminothiocarbonylphthalazine-1,4-dione with ethyl chloropropionate and ethyl chloroacetate.Acetylation of 4 with Ac2O gave the corresponding monoacetylderivative (5), while the acetylation of 4 with Ac2O in the presence of AcONa gave the corresponding diacetyl derivative (6). Treatment of 4 with bromine in AcOH and aromatic aldehydes afforded the corresponding 3-substituted-1,2,4-triazino[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10-diones (7 and 8). The electron impact mass spectra of both of the above series of compounds have also been recorded and theirfragmentation pattern is discussed

Recurrent Pneumonia in Children Admitted to Assiut University Children Hospital. Magnitude of the Problem and Possible Risk Factors

Background: Incidence data indicate that recurrent pneumonia occurs in 7.7–9% of all children withcommunity acquired pneumonia. We aim by this study to assess the prevalence of recurrent pneumoniaamong the admissions with diagnosis of pneumonia in Assiut university children hospital for one year andto try to define the possible related risk factors. Patients and methods: This is a prospective hospital basedstudy in Assiut University Children’s Hospital. Children younger than 16 years admitted with a hospitaldiagnosis of pneumonia to Assiut University Children’s Hospital for one year from 1 February 2017 to 31January 2018 were included.Results: Approximately 1 in 12 children with pneumonia in our locality have recurrent pneumonia with percentageof 12.61%. Cardiac diseases especially congenital heart diseases was the cause among 25.45%of the cases, immunodeficiency diseases represented 20.9% of the cases ,while bronchial asthma wasthe cause of recurrent pneumonia among 16.36% of the cases. As regard to risk factors in studied group,prematurity was detected among 7.27 % of the cases while more than 50% were formula fed and more than60% exposed to pollution. Father smoking was detected among 36.36% of cases. Patients aged > 6 yearsshowed significantly higher frequency in risk factors as obesity, indoor and outdoor pollution and use ofsteroids in comparison to other age groups. However, patients aged 0-3 years exhibited significantly higher% frequency of having heart disease, oro-motor in coordination /swallowing dysfunction, gastro esophagealreflux and under nutrition as risk factors for recurrent pneumonia in comparison to other age groups.Conclusions: The most frequent underlying cause for recurrent pneumonia in Assiut University Children’sHospital which presents the largest referral pediatric hospital in Upper Egypt for one year according to ourstudy was cardiac diseases; the second most frequent cause was immunodeficiency diseases, followedby bronchial asthma. Risk factors for recurrent pneumonia include socio-economic status of studiedcases, prematurity, exposure to passive smoking and in or outdoor pollution, obesity, under nutrition, lackof breast feeding, gastro esophageal reflux and steroids usage

Effect of different treatments on germination of Romi red grape seeds

Germination of seeds required a stratification period either at cold (5 ± 1 °C) or warm (18 ± 1 °C) conditions. Besides, production of normal seedlings (seedlings with plumule) needed stratification of at least 60 d. Cold stratification treatments increased pronouncedly the percentages of seed germination and normal seedlings when seeds were first subjected to warm stratification conditions. Soaking the seeds in IAA, IBA or Ethrel at different concentrations before sowing failed completely to produce normal seedlings. Conversely, the best results with respect to germination i;ercentage and normal seedlings were obtained with GA-, especially at 5000 ppm, followed by thiourea and kinetin. Applying GA3 to seeds immediately before stratification was more effective than adding it after stratification.Der Einfluß verschiedener Behandlungsbedingungen auf die Samenkeimung bei der Rebsorte Romi redDie Samen der Rebsorte Romi red keimten nur nach Stratifikation, entweder unter Kälte- oder unter Wärmebedingungen (5 ± 1 °C bzw. 18 ± 1 °C). Normale Sämlinge, d. h. solche mit Plumula, entwickelten sich nur bei einer Stratifikationsdauer von mindestens 60 d. Durch Kaltstratifikation wurde der Anteil keimender Samen und normaler Sämlinge bedeutend erhöht, wenn die Samen zuvor warmstratifiziert worden waren. Das Einweichen der Samen vor der Aussaat in unterschiedlichen Konzentrationen von IAA, IBA oder Ethrel förderte die Bildung normaler Sämlinge in keiner Weise. Umgekehrt wurden im Hinblick auf die Samenkeimung und die Bildung normaler Sämlinge die besten Ergebnisse mit GA3, vor allem in der Konzentration von 5000 ppm erzielt; auch Thioharnstoff und Kinetin zeigten einen positiven Einfluß. GA3-Behandlung der Samen unmittelbar vor der Stratifikation war wirksamer als danach

Evaluating Teaching Performance in View of Learning and Innovation Skills among Saudi University Instructors

This novel study evaluated Saudi university instructors’ teaching performance at King Khalid University, College of Education, in view of learning and innovation skills from their students’ perspectives in postgraduate programs. The study adopted descriptive analytical method. A checklist of appropriate teaching performance was prepared in view of learning and innovation skills. Based on the checklist, an electronic questionnaire was prepared and distributed on line in the form of a five-point rating scale. The participants consisted of (136) male and female students, enrolled in master and doctoral programs in six majors. The study tool was applied during the academic year 2018/209AD. The results revealed that Saudi university instructors’ level of teaching performance was high with a rate of (78.8%), and there was no statistically significant difference at (0.05) between the level of teaching performance and the competence level, specified educationally at (80%) in overall performance. The results also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences at (0.05) within the instructors’ teaching performance degree in the light of learning and innovation skills regarding the demographic variables of the participants. Briefly, many applications are suggested for the university beneficiaries

EFFECT OF BENZYLADENINE AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH, FLOWERING AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF JASMINUM SAMBAC PLANT

A pot experimental study was carried out at the Floriculture Nursery of the Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Benha University, Egypt during 2017 and 2018 seasons to study the effect of 16 treatments represented the combination between foliar spraying with four benzyladenine (BA) concentrations (0.0, 20, 40 and 60 ppm) and four chemical fertilization rates (0.0, 2, 4 and 6 g NPK/pot) on the growth, flowering and chemical composition of Arabian jasmine plant (Jasminum sambac Ait). The obtained results cleared that the tallest plants, the highest number of branches and leaves, the heaviest leaves fresh weight/plant, the highest number of flowers/plant, the heaviest flowers fresh weight/plant, the highest number and length of roots/plant, the heaviest fresh weight of roots/plant as well as the richest leaf total carbohydrates, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages were obtained by those treated with BA at 60 ppm + chemical fertilization at 6 g/pot in the two seasons.  Conclusively, sprayingjasmine plants with BA at 60 ppm and supplying the plants with NPK mineral fertilizer at 6 g/pot, induced prospective effects on vegetative growth and flowering parameters with higher quality of this plan

Dielectric Resonator Antenna Mounted on Cylindrical Ground Plane for Handheld RFID Reader at 5.8 GHz

Dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) mounted on cylindrical ground plane is investigated for handheld RFID reader applications at 5.8 GHz. The simplicity of the structure makes it practical in terms of cost, space, and ease of fabrication. The radiation characteristics of the antenna in free space and in the presence of a proposed compact reader device model and human hand are calculated. The antenna is circularly polarized and exhibits peak gain of 7.62 dB at 5.8 GHz with high front to back ratio of 15.5 dB. Using the same reader device model, a sequentially feeding 2×2 DRA array mounted on the same cylindrical ground plane is used for RFID reader antenna at 5.8 GHz. The array introduces high gain of 9.36 dB at 5.8 GHz with high front to back ratio of 10.48 dB. The 2×2 DRA array elements exhibit circular polarization over a frequency band of 1.1 GHz. The axial ratio is 1.1 dB at 5.8 GHz. The proposed reader model is simple and has a small size compared with that in the case of planar ground plane. The results are calculated using the finite element method (FEM) and compared with that calculated using the finite integral technique (FIT)

New Mononuclear and Binuclear Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) Thiosemicarbazone Complexes with Potential Biological Activity: Antimicrobial and Molecular Docking Study

Herein, we report the synthesis of eight new mononuclear and binuclear Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ methoxy thiosemicarbazone (MTSC) complexes aiming at obtaining thiosemicarbazone complex with potent biological activity. The structure of the MTSC ligand and its metal complexes was fully characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques (NMR, FTIR, UV-Vis), molar conductivity, thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and thermal differential analysis (DrTGA). The spectral and analytical data revealed that the obtained thiosemicarbazone-metal complexes have octahedral geometry around the metal center, except for the Zn2+-thiosemicarbazone complexes, which showed a tetrahedral geometry. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the MTSC ligand and its (Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) metal complexes were also investigated. Interestingly, the antibacterial activity of MTSC- metal complexes against examined bacteria was higher than that of the MTSC alone, which indicates that metal complexation improved the antibacterial activity of the parent ligand. Among different metal complexes, the MTSC- mono- and binuclear Cu2+ complexes showed significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Proteus vulgaris, better than that of the standard gentamycin drug. The in silico molecular docking study has revealed that the MTSC ligand could be a potential inhibitor for the oxidoreductase protein.Taif UniversityPeer Reviewe