Utjecaj osteogeničnih dodataka agregatu mineralnog trioksida na razinu genske ekspresije odontoblastičnih markera nakon zatvaranja pulpe u pasa.

This study investigates the effect of addition of dexamethasone, vitamin D3, or chitosan to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on the gene expression level of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) after pulp capping in dogs. Pulp exposure was performed in sixty dogs’ teeth. The teeth were classified into 3 equal groups according to the evaluation period. Group 1:7 days, group 2: 21 days and group 3: 60 days. Each group was further subdivided according to the pulp capping material used, into subgroup A: MTA + dexamethasone, subgroup B: MTA + dexamethasone + vitamin D3, subgroup C: MTA + chitosan and subgroup D: MTA. According to the group, the pulps of the capped teeth were removed for analysis of the relative mRNA expression level of DSPP and MEPE using PCR. Statistical analysis of all data was performed. In subgroup A, significant expression was observed of DSPP (P≤0.05) in group 2 up to 18.8 relative fold change while in subgroup B a significant upregulated gene expression of DSPP (P≤0.05) up to 29.4 relative fold change was seen. Significant upregulated DSPP expression (P≤0.05) was recorded in groups 1 and 2 up to 6.9 and 3.6 relative fold change, respectively in subgroup C. In conclusion, dexamethasone, with or without vitamin D3 and chitosan, are synergistic odontogenic inducers with MTA for differentiation of dental pulp cells in dogs. The upregulation of DSPP is a good marker for this differentiation.Istraživan je utjecaj dodatka deksametazona, vitamina D3 ili hitozana agregatu mineralnog trioksida na razinu ekspresije gena za dentin-sijalofosfoprotein (DSPP) i gena za ekstracelularni matriks fosfoglikoprotein nakon zatvaranja pulpe u pasa. Pulpa je bila otvorena na 60 zuba. Ti su zubi bili razvrstani u tri jednake skupine ovisno o trajanju promatranja. Prva skupina bila je promatrana sedam dana, druga skupina 21 dan, a treća skupina 60 dana. Svaka skupina bila je podijeljena u podskupine ovisno o materijalu rabljenom za zatvaranje pulpe. Podskupini A bio je primijenjen agregat mineralnog trioksida + deksametazon, podskupini B bio je primijenjen agregat mineralnog trioksida + deksametazon + vitamin D3, podskupini C agregat mineralnog trioksida + hitozan, a podskupini D samo agregat mineralnog trioksida. Sukladno skupinama, pulpe zatvorenih zuba bile su uzete za analizu relativne ekspresije mRNA za dentin-sijalofosfoprotein i za ekstracelularni matriks fosfoglikoprotein PCR-om. Svi podatci bili su statistički obrađeni. Značajna ekspresija gena za dentinsijalofosfoprotein (P≤0,05) bila je dokazana u podskupini A druge skupine u relativnoj vrijednosti 18,8, dok je u podskupini B značajna ekspresija gena za dentin-sijalofosfoprotein (P≤0,05) bila 29,4 puta veća. Značajno povećana ekspresija DSPP (P≤0,05) u prvoj i drugoj skupini sve do 6,9 odnosno 3,6 puta ustanovljena je u podskupini C. Može se zaključiti da deksametazon (s vitaminom D3 ili bez njega) i hitozan djeluju sinergistički s agregatom mineralnog trioksida kao odontogenični pokretači za diferencijaciju stanica zubne pulpe u pasa. Povećana razina dentin-sijalofosfoproteina dobar je pokazatelj te diferencijacije

Impact of increasing dietary oil concentrations with a constant energy level on the tolerance of broiler chickens to a high ambient temperature

Broiler males (n= 140) were used in a straight-run experimental design and distributed randomly among four treatment groups with seven replicates per treatment and five broilers per replicate. During 21–42 d old, the chickens were fed iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets containing four levels of dietary vegetable oils (DVO), of 2.7, 4, 6 and 8%. During d 25–27, 31–33, and 38–40 of age, broilers were exposed to heat stress for 4 h a day (1000–1400 h) at 34 ºC, 70–75 % relative humidity. Feeding an 8% DVO diet significantly increased body weight gain compared to the other DVO levels. The feed conversion ratio, protein conversion ratio, metabolizable energy conversion ratio and European production index were significantly enhanced due to feeding an 8% DVO diet compared to a diet containing 6% DVO. Feeding 8% DVO significantly increased the meat protein and lipid percentages, compared to the control group (2.7 % DVO), but decreased the plasma low-density lipoprotein, very-low-density lipoprotein and lymphocytes. Feeding 8% DVO significantly increased the mean cell volume and mean cell hemoglobin, and bursa weight and percentage compared to the control. In addition, 6 and 8% DVO significantly increased the plasma total antioxidant capacity compared to the control group, but decreased the malondialdehyde. Thus, broilers fed a diet containing 8% DVO have an increased tolerance to heat stress, as evidenced by increasing the productive performance, meat quality, blood hematological and biochemical traits, antioxidants and immunity

Corrigendum: Hyaluronan, Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and the Tumor Microenvironment in Malignant Progression

This review summarizes the roles of CAFs in forming a “cancerized” fibrotic stroma favorable to tumor initiation and dissemination, in particular highlighting the functions of the extracellular matrix component hyaluronan (HA) in these processes. The structural complexity of the tumor and its host microenvironment is now well appreciated to be an important contributing factor to malignant progression and resistance-to-therapy. There are multiple components of this complexity, which include an extensive remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and associated biomechanical changes in tumor stroma. Tumor stroma is often fibrotic and rich in fibrillar type I collagen and hyaluronan (HA). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major source of this fibrotic ECM. CAFs organize collagen fibrils and these biomechanical alterations provide highways for invading carcinoma cells either under the guidance of CAFs or following their epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The increased HA metabolism of a tumor microenvironment instructs carcinoma initiation and dissemination by performing multiple functions. The key effects of HA reviewed here are its role in activating CAFs in pre-malignant and malignant stroma, and facilitating invasion by promoting motility of both CAFs and tumor cells, thus facilitating their invasion. Circulating CAFs (cCAFs) also form heterotypic clusters with circulating tumor cells (CTC), which are considered to be pre-cursors of metastatic colonies. cCAFs are likely required for extravasation of tumors cells and to form a metastatic niche suitable for new tumor colony growth. Therapeutic interventions designed to target both HA and CAFs in order to limit tumor spread and increase response to current therapies are discussed

Effects of Poly-MVA on the rheological properties of blood after in-vivo exposure to gamma radiation

AbstractThis study aims to examine the radio-prophylactic effects of poly-MVA against exposure to acute dose of gamma radiation. Adult male rats, weighing 200 gm, were exposed to 6 Gy gamma radiation from Cs-137 source. The animals received daily oral administration of 2 ml/kg body weight of poly-MVA for different time intervals. The prophylactic effect was examined by two modes of administration: two weeks before irradiation and another group which received continuous administration for two weeks before and two other weeks after irradiation (total time of administration 28 days). Different parameters were performed, which include determination of cellular antioxidant enzymes (Glutathione (GSH), catalase and superoxide dismutase) in hepatic cells, the rheological properties of blood, osmotic fragility and scanning electron microscope photography of red blood cells. Exposure to radiation resulted in a significant decrease in cellular antioxidant enzymes (GSH, Catalase and SOD) and decrease in Bingham viscosity, yield stress and aggregation index of blood. Furthermore it induced slightly increase in average osmotic fragility of red blood cells accompanied by decrease in osmotic dispersion and remarkable modification of red blood cell morphology. Administration of Poly-MVA showed markedly elevation in GSH, Catalase and SOD content in liver cells in all treated groups. It also showed improvement in all observed parameters. The obtained results showed that oral uptake of poly MVA posses a radio-prophylactic effect that might be used in planned radiation exposure in diagnosis and radiotherapy

Radio-mitigation effect of poly-MVA after exposure to an acute dose of gamma radiation

AbstractAdult male rats were exposed to a 6Gy single dose from a Cs-137 source. The radio-mitigation effect of poly-MVA was evaluated by daily administration of 2ml/kg of body weight immediately after irradiation for two weeks. The morphological changes in the red blood cells were studied. The osmotic fragility and rheological properties of blood, the alteration in the contents of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase) and lipid peroxidation in hepatic cells were determined. The results showed that exposure to radiation resulted in significant changes in cellular antioxidant enzymes (GSH, catalase and SOD) and a decrease in the blood Bingham viscosity, yield stress and aggregation index. Furthermore, it induced a slight increase in the average osmotic fragility of red blood cells accompanied by a decrease in osmotic dispersion, as well as a modification of red blood cell morphology. It also caused a significant increase (75%) in the lipid peroxidation 1 day after exposure to radiation, which persisted until the 14th day recorded after irradiation. Oral administration of poly-MVA after irradiation reduced the radiation-induced damage, as seen in the non-significant change in lipid peroxidation compared to the control. It also resulted in improvement in the observed parameters

A Motion- and Sound-Activated, 3D-Printed, Chalcogenide-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A multilayered triboelectric nanogenerator (MULTENG) that can be actuated by acoustic waves, vibration of a moving car, and tapping motion is built using a 3D-printing technique. The MULTENG can generate an open-circuit voltage of up to 396 V and a short-circuit current of up to 1.62 mA, and can power 38 LEDs. The layers of the triboelectric generator are made of polyetherimide nanopillars and chalcogenide core-shell nanofibers. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Epidemiological Characteristics and Survival Studies of Rhabdomyosarcoma in East Egypt: A Five-Year Multicenter Study

Background. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, it represents 5–8% of childhood malignancies. Aim of the Work. To evaluate the epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcome in two pediatric oncology centers. Patients and Method. A retrospective analysis was performed on 41 medical records of children with RMS during 6 years period. Results. The median age of patients was 6 years with 80.4% below 10 years. Head and neck was the most common primary site. Embryonal RMS was the most frequent histopathologic subtype. Stage IV was the most frequent stage. According to IRS postsurgical grouping classification, group 4 was the most frequent group. There was a significant relationship between histopathologic subtypes of tumor and metastasis, primary site of tumor and histopathologic subtype, age, metastasis, IRS presurgical stage and IRS postsurgical group and outcome. The overall survival rate was 56.9% ± 8.4 and the failure free survival rate was 68.3% ± 7.6. Conclusion. The epidemiological characteristics of our patients are quite near to the worldwide data, apart from the higher prevalence of stage IV and group 4 with most of the primary tumor site in the extremities. CWS2002 protocol of therapy had led to improvement in the curability of the disease

Simple oxidation of pyrimidinylhydrazones to triazolopyrimidines and their inhibition of Shiga toxin trafficking

The oxidative cyclisation of a range of benzothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine hydrazones (7a–j) to the 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-c]pyrimidines (8a–j) catalysed by lithium iodide or to the 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines (10a–j) with sodium carbonate is presented. A complementary synthesis of the 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines starting from the amino imine 11 is also reported. The effect of these compounds on Shiga toxin (STx) trafficking in HeLa cells and comparison to the previously reported Exo2 is also detailed

Hormonal and inflammatory modulatory effects of hesperidin in hyperthyroidism-modeled rats

The goal of the current study was to investigate the hormonal modulatory efficiency of hesperidin, through its regulatory potential of immunological, inflammatory, and/or antioxidant changes in on hyperthyroidism modeled adult female albino rats. Both normal and hyperthyroidism modeled rats (140-160g) were randomly divided into four groups (10 animals each) as follows: 1) healthy animals were daily ingested with saline for six weeks, and served as control group, 2) healthy animals were intraperitoneally injected with hesperidin (50 mg/kg/day) for a similar period, 3) hyperthyroidism-modeled animals without any treatment acted as positive control, and 4) hyperthyroidism-modeled animals were treated intraperitoneally with hesperidin for a similar period. The findings showed that hesperidin significantly modulated hyperthyroidism deteriorations, this was evidenced by a remarkable decline in serum T4, FT4, T3, FT3, TNF-α, IL1β-, IL4-, IL-6, and IL-10 levels, with a minor increase in TSH and significant raise in CD4+ level. Similarly, valuable improvement was observed in the oxidative status; serum SOD, GPx, CAT, and GSH levels were dramatically enhanced, associated with remarkable drop in MDA and NO levels. Also, hesperidin demonstrated nephro-hepatoprotective and anti-atherogenic potential, this was achieved from the notable reduction in ALAT and ASAT activities as well as urea, creatinine, cholesterol, and triglyceride close to the corresponding values of healthy group. These findings were supported by histological and immunohistochemical ones that showed a notable decrease in the expression of the calcitonin antibody. In conclusion, hesperidin possesses anti-hyperthyroidism, immunoinflammatory regulatory, and antioxidant activities that evidenced from the improvement of physio-architecture of the thyroid gland, reduction of inflammation and restoration of the impaired oxidative stress. This effect might be mechanized through immunological, inflammatory, apoptotic, and/or antioxidant modulatory pathways