Reliability-based optimization for multiple constraints with evolutionary algorithms

In this paper, we combine reliability-based optimization with a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for handling uncertainty in decision variables and parameters. This work is an extension to a previous study by the second author and his research group to more accurately compute a multi-constraint reliability. This means that the overall reliability of a solution regarding all constraints is examined, instead of a reliability computation of only one critical constraint. First, we present a brief introduction into this so-called 'structural reliability' aspects. Thereafter, we introduce a method for identifying inactive constraints according to the reliability evaluation. With this method, we show that with less number of constraint evaluations, an identical solution can be achieved. Furthermore, we apply our approach to a number of problems including a real-world car side impact design problem to illustrate our method

"Verbal Wronging": An Analysis of Speech Banned in m. Bava Metzi'a 4:10

In his analysis of an early rabbinic tradition prohibiting "verbal wronging," Robert Daum claims that this text condemns malicious, deceptive, and potentially damaging speech in both commercial and non-commercial contexts. Easily disguised or mistakenly assumed, this is a crime of conscience that human courts cannot adjudicate. Daum examines the mishnah's structure and content in light of textual parallels and historical contexts. He suggests that its later inclusion in the famous talmudic unit in which the foundational sages ban a senior colleague in a procedural dispute — a cautionary tale in which care is taken (unsuccessfully, as it turns out) to avoid verbally wronging the excommunicant — perhaps obscured the mishnah's earlier, technical understanding of "verbal wronging.

A Story of Marguerite: A Tale about Panis, Case Comment, and Social History

Those interested in social history contend that social norms deserve attention due to how they impact and are affected by historical events. This subfield has contributed significantly to how larger historical mosaics are understood, and how themes specific to marginalized groups are appreciated today. By presenting the story of enslaved Indigenous woman in New France who was the first Indigenous civil litigant in Canadian history, and focusing on her representation in the colonial legal system, a number of themes emerge. Canada’s history of slavery becomes better understood, and in so doing, a challenge to social historians is presented. By examining the legal procedure applied to an Indigenous litigant’s circumstances, and then dissecting the events that followed, the strength of social norms during her time is appreciated more fully. Integrating an era’s legal doctrine into historical analysis augments the social historian’s search for society influence on the individual in history

Review of \u3ci\u3eCanada\u27s Indigenous Constitution\u3c/i\u3e. By John Borrows.

This text\u27s major thesis, that Canada cannot presently, historically, legally, or morally claim to be built upon European-derived law alone, has been mentioned before. Yet in those earlier musings by Borrows and others, such a statement has never been documented so well as it is here. Borrows contemplates that others, besides those sympathetic with Indigenous perspectives, might just admit such a thesis is the case. Moreover, they might also support the creation of social and economic policies that demonstrate such a belief. But observing it in Canada\u27s current legal system-really? Keenly aware of skeptics, Borrows has thought as much about his method as his content. As a result, he trumps other authors by using the proverbial master\u27s tools to take down the master\u27s house, revealing to us that the Canadian legal system is, first and foremost, imbued with Indigenous law. The problem, he simultaneously details, is that too many people do not interpret it as such

A Story of Marguerite: A Tale about Panis, Case Comment, and Social History

Those interested in social history contend that social norms deserve attention due to how they impact and are affected by historical events. This subfield has contributed significantly to how larger historical mosaics are understood, and how themes specific to marginalized groups are appreciated today. By presenting the story of enslaved Indigenous woman in New France who was the first Indigenous civil litigant in Canadian history, and focusing on her representation in the colonial legal system, a number of themes emerge. Canada’s history of slavery becomes better understood, and in so doing, a challenge to social historians is presented. By examining the legal procedure applied to an Indigenous litigant’s circumstances, and then dissecting the events that followed, the strength of social norms during her time is appreciated more fully. Integrating an era’s legal doctrine into historical analysis augments the social historian’s search for society influence on the individual in history

A Story of Marguerite: A Tale about Panis, Case Comment, and Social History

Those interested in social history contend that social norms deserve attention due to how they impact and are affected by historical events. This subfield has contributed significantly to how larger historical mosaics are understood, and how themes specific to marginalized groups are appreciated today. By presenting the story of enslaved Indigenous woman in New France who was the first Indigenous civil litigant in Canadian history, and focusing on her representation in the colonial legal system, a number of themes emerge. Canada’s history of slavery becomes better understood, and in so doing, a challenge to social historians is presented. By examining the legal procedure applied to an Indigenous litigant’s circumstances, and then dissecting the events that followed, the strength of social norms during her time is appreciated more fully. Integrating an era’s legal doctrine into historical analysis augments the social historian’s search for society influence on the individual in history