Convergence of the Conditional Per Symbol Entropy for Stationary Gaussian Fading Channels for Almost All Input Sequences

Abstract—In the present work, a discrete-time stationary Rayleigh flat-fading channel with unknown channel state information at the transmitter and the receiver is considered. The law of the channel is assumed to be known at the receiver and the fading process is supposed to be a stationary Gaussian process with an absolutely summable autocorrelation function. The conditional per symbol entropy of the output given the input is shown to converge to a constant for almost every realization of i.i.d. input variables. This implies the existence of the corresponding conditional entropy rate. Moreover, a novel inequality yielding a lower bound for the rate is derived. I. MOTIVATION AND SETUP We considera stationaryRayleighflat-fadingchannelwhere thechannelstateinformationisunknownat thetransmitterand the receiver. Moreover, the law of the channel is assumed t

PalliPA: How can general practices support caregivers of patients at their end of life in a home-care setting? A study protocol.

Contains fulltext : 108958.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: The care of patients with a life-threatening, progressive and far advanced illness in a home-care setting requires appropriate individual care and requires the active support of family caregivers. General practice teams are usually the primary care givers and first contact and are best placed to offer support to family caregivers and to recognise and respond to the burden of care giving on family members. The aim of this project is to develop a best practice model for engaging with and supporting family caregivers. FINDINGS: The project is framed as an exploratory trial for a subsequent implementation study, covering phases 0, I and II of the MRC (Medical Research Council) framework for development, design and evaluation of complex interventions. The project is a multi-method procedure and has two phases. In the first phase, which has already been completed, we used a reflective practice procedure where general practice teams were asked about how they currently deal with family caregivers. In the second phase, a participatory action research approach aims to improve identification and response to when support is necessary for family caregivers. Ten participating general practice teams each enrol 40 eligible patients and their family caregiver, to identify structures and tools feasible for use in their practice. Standardised self-reported questionnaires (Burden Scale for Family Caregivers and Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 15 Palliative) are being applied at study inclusion (prior to or during the implementation period) and after 6 and 12 months to explore implementation effects. Qualitative assessment of general practice teams' experiences will be triangulated with the quantitative evaluation of the implementation. DISCUSSION: This two-step approach, which is appropriate to primary palliative care in the German health care context, will enable general practice teams to develop feasible, acceptable and successful strategies for the implementation of best practice to successfully support family caregivers of patients at the end of life

Waveforms for sub-THz 6G:design guidelines

Abstract The projected sub-THz (100 — 300 GHz) part of the upcoming 6G standard will require a careful design of the waveform and choice of slot structure. Not only that the design of the physical layer for 6G will be driven by ambitious system performance requirements, but also hardware limitations, specific to sub-THz frequencies, pose a fundamental design constraint for the waveform. In this contribution, general guidelines for the waveform design are given, together with a non-exhaustive list of exemplary waveforms that can be used to meet the design requirements

Humanistic Bildung: regulative idea or empty concept?

The article focuses on the notion and humanistic ideal of self-cultivation and self-transformation, for which the term Bildung is/was traditionally used in German educational thought. It is argued that the idea of Bildung, understood as human development and end-in-itself, is not a German exclusivity. However, to understand the specificity of the notion, it may be necessary to consider that German Enlightenment—Aufklärung—in which the term gained a lot of importance, came later in history than French, English, and Scottish Enlightenment. Whereas in the early Western Enlightenment period, freedom was understood as an outward, definitely political concept, in later German Enlightenment the predominant understanding of freedom was characterized by a rather aesthetic dimension, not outward but internal freedom. The shift from a political understanding of Enlightenment—like in France, and also England or Scotland—to German inwardness (“Innerlichkeit”), as realized by the concept of Bildung, can be—at least to a certain degree—interpreted as a desire of German intellectuals at the time to escape from a brutal and on the whole disappointing post-revolutionary world to a place where man could seek secular perfection: an escape toward inwardness