Bullying and gender violence at school: analysis of teacher perception

Nowadays gender violence and bullying continue to be considered a matter of great concern to society. This study analyses the teachers'' perceptions of these two social problems in the educational context. The interventions that are carried out from the school to prevent and respond to these behaviours are studied. From a methodological point of view, the study responds to the paradigm of qualitative research. We interviewed fifteen teachers of Early Childhood Education, Primary Education and Secondary Education of the Spanish educational system. The information collected indicates that teachers advocate a necessary reinforcement of emotional competencies and social skills from schools. In addition, they express their dissatisfaction due to the insufficient strategies applied from the school to respond to these violent behaviours. These results support any initiative that aims to train teachers to prevent possible cases of bullying or gender violence

The challenges in the selection and recruitment to school headteachers in the Spanish Educational System

Currently, the low number of candidates and the complex formation of the teams are great problems in the occupation of the school leadership position. This qualitative study aims to identify the main difficulties experienced from the perspective of the candidates. Based on the data obtained in various interviews, it should be noted how the headteacher selection process is influenced by different variables, both contextual and personal. The variables that condition this process include complexity of the decision to be a candidate or accept the appointment and the difficulty of forming and a team, among others

Key soft skills in the orientation process and level of employability

We understand soft skills as an integrated set of knowledge, skills and values that facilitate the effective, affective and efficient development of a skill or activity. The objective of this study was to identify the soft skills that are most often used in the orientation process and those that improve employability, according to Spanish counselors. A qualitative methodology was used. The participants (n = 57) were orientation professionals. A total of 273 interviews were conducted over five years. The results and conclusions show that communication and decision-making are the most important competencies in the orientation process and at the level of employability, followed by intrapersonal skills, skills in interpersonal relationships, teamwork, problem solving, adaptation to new situations, creativity and leadership

The Moral Duty of Self-Preservation

UIDB/00183/2020 UIDP/00183/2020This chapter provides an in-depth examination of Kant’s view of suicide. After a contextualization of Kant’s prohibition of suicide (§2.1), seven different arguments against the moral permissibility of suicide are identified: three from the Lectures on Ethics (§2.2) and four from the published writings (§2.3). Each argument is presented (with possible variations) and explained. Strengths and flaws are pointed out, and possible objections and counter-objections are discussed, taking into consideration the abundant bibliography on the subject. The conclusion is that, against a recent trend in secondary literature, which tends to read Kant as justifying not only a right, but even a duty to suicide, Kant does not allow for any exception to his strict prohibition of suicide.authorsversionpublishe

Early life risk factors and their cumulative effects as predictors of overweight in Spanish children

Objectives: To explore early life risk factors of overweight/obesity at age 6 years and their cumulative effects on overweight/obesity at ages 2, 4 and 6 years. Methods: Altogether 1031 Spanish children were evaluated at birth and during a 6-year follow-up. Early life risk factors included: parental overweight/obesity, parental origin/ethnicity, maternal smoking during pregnancy, gestational weight gain, gestational age, birth weight, caesarean section, breastfeeding practices and rapid infant weight gain collected via hospital records. Cumulative effects were assessed by adding up those early risk factors that significantly increased the risk of overweight/obesity. We conducted binary logistic regression models. Results: Rapid infant weight gain (OR 2.29, 99% CI 1.54–3.42), maternal overweight/obesity (OR 1.93, 99% CI 1.27–2.92), paternal overweight/obesity (OR 2.17, 99% CI 1.44–3.28), Latin American/Roma origin (OR 3.20, 99% CI 1.60–6.39) and smoking during pregnancy (OR 1.61, 99% CI 1.01–2.59) remained significant after adjusting for confounders. A higher number of early life risk factors accumulated was associated with overweight/obesity at age 6 years but not at age 2 and 4 years. Conclusions: Rapid infant weight gain, parental overweight/obesity, maternal smoking and origin/ethnicity predict childhood overweight/obesity and present cumulative effects. Monitoring children with rapid weight gain and supporting a healthy parental weight are important for childhood obesity prevention

Correspondencia a Roberto Andrade

En la parte superior izquierda impreso el logo de la Academia Historia de Cuba y en la parte superior derecha el sello de la Academia (escrito a máquina)La Haban

Uniaxial Compressive Behaviour of an Isotropic Graphite

Quasi static and dynamic uniaxial compression tests were performed on dumb-bell shaped specimen of a grade of graphite. The fracture of this kind of materiel is strain rate dependent. Indeed, we achieved two clearly different strengths. The graphite is less scattered compared to the ceramics. Its fracture seems brittle. However its mechanical behaviour is quasi linear elastic viscoplastic. At room temperature, this viscoplasticity can be explained because of the exhibition of two combined physical phenomenon : glide motions of dislocations and mainly growth of microcracks slowed down by internal frictions.Nous avons effectué des caractérisations mécaniques quasi statiques et dynamiques en compression uniaxiale sur des éprouvettes de forme diabolo d'une nuance de graphite. La rupture est fortement dépendante de la vitesse de sollicitation. Le graphite est moins dispersif que les céramiques classiques. Son comportement à la rupture peut être qualifié de fragile. Cependant, sa réponse mécanique est de type élastique quasi linéaire viscoplastique. Cette viscoplasticité à température ambiante est due à quelques mouvements de dislocations mais surtout à la présence de nanofissures entre les plans graphitiques dont la propagation est freinée par des frottements internes

Cirugía del tórax y del miembro superior

Contén: Transfusión sanguínea / Cosculluela Armengol (57 p.

UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION OF ALUMINA : STRUCTURE, MICROSTRUCTURE AND STRAIN RATE

Deux qualités d'alumine pures à 99,7% ont été étudiées en compression uniaxiale. Pour cela trois types d'expérience ont été utilisés : la compression quasi statique, les barres d'Hopkinson, l'impact sur barreau long. Ces essais montrent que la résistance à la rupture de l'alumine croît avec la vitesse de sollicitation imposée à l'éprouvette mais décroît lorsque la porosité et le volume de l'éprouvette d'alumine testée augmentent. Les observations M.E.B. des fragments récupérés montrent que les micro et macrofissures sont transgranulaires. Les observations M.E.T. n'ont révélé aucune activité microplastique pour chacun des trois types d'essai.Two kinds of 99.7% pure alumina were studied under uniaxial compression. Three types of experiments were performed : quasi static tests with a compressing machine, Hopkinson Bar tests, Impacts onto long rods. These tests show that fracture strength of alumina increases when the strain rate increases, when the porosity of the sample decreases and when the volume of the sample decreases. S.E.M. examinations of the recovered fragments show that micro and macrocracks are transgranular. T.E.M. examinations show no microplasticity in each case