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Association of Systemic Inflammation With Retinal Vascular Caliber in Patients With AIDS.
PurposeTo evaluate relationships among retinal vascular caliber and biomarkers of systemic inflammation in patients with AIDS.MethodsA total of 454 participants with AIDS had retinal vascular caliber (central retinal artery equivalent and central retinal vein equivalent) determined from enrollment retinal photographs by reading center graders masked to clinical and biomarker information. Cryopreserved plasma specimens were assayed for inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, interferon-γ inducible protein (IP)-10, kynurenine/tryptophan (KT) ratio, and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP).ResultsIn the simple linear regression of retinal vascular caliber on plasma biomarkers, elevated CRP, IL-6, and IP-10 were associated with retinal venular dilation, and elevated KT ratio with retinal arteriolar narrowing. In the multiple linear regression, including baseline characteristics and plasma biomarkers, AMD was associated with dilation of retinal arterioles (mean difference: 9.1 μm; 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.2, 12.9; P < 0.001) and venules (mean difference, 10.9 μm; 95% CI, 5.3, 16.6; P < 0.001), as was black race (P < 0.001). Hyperlipidemia was associated with retinal venular narrowing (mean difference, -7.5 μm; 95% CI, -13.7, -1.2; P = 0.02); cardiovascular disease with arteriolar narrowing (mean difference, -5.2 μm; 95% CI, -10.3, -0.1; P = 0.05); age with arteriolar narrowing (slope, -0.26 μm/year; 95% CI, -0.46, -0.06; P = 0.009); and IL-6 with venular dilation (slope, 5.3 μm/standard deviation log10[plasma IL-6 concentration]; 95% CI, 2.7, 8.0; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThese data suggest that retinal vascular caliber is associated with age, race, AMD, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and selected biomarkers of systemic inflammation
On the Round Complexity of the Shuffle Model
The shuffle model of differential privacy was proposed as a viable model for
performing distributed differentially private computations. Informally, the
model consists of an untrusted analyzer that receives messages sent by
participating parties via a shuffle functionality, the latter potentially
disassociates messages from their senders. Prior work focused on one-round
differentially private shuffle model protocols, demonstrating that
functionalities such as addition and histograms can be performed in this model
with accuracy levels similar to that of the curator model of differential
privacy, where the computation is performed by a fully trusted party.
Focusing on the round complexity of the shuffle model, we ask in this work
what can be computed in the shuffle model of differential privacy with two
rounds. Ishai et al. [FOCS 2006] showed how to use one round of the shuffle to
establish secret keys between every two parties. Using this primitive to
simulate a general secure multi-party protocol increases its round complexity
by one. We show how two parties can use one round of the shuffle to send secret
messages without having to first establish a secret key, hence retaining round
complexity. Combining this primitive with the two-round semi-honest protocol of
Applebaun et al. [TCC 2018], we obtain that every randomized functionality can
be computed in the shuffle model with an honest majority, in merely two rounds.
This includes any differentially private computation. We then move to examine
differentially private computations in the shuffle model that (i) do not
require the assumption of an honest majority, or (ii) do not admit one-round
protocols, even with an honest majority. For that, we introduce two
computational tasks: the common-element problem and the nested-common-element
problem, for which we show separations between one-round and two-round
protocols
Improved KL->pi e nu Form Factor and Phase Space Integral with Reduced Model Uncertainty
Using the published KTeV sample of 2 million KL-> pi e nu decays and a new
form factor expansion with a rigorous bound on higher order terms, we present a
new determination of the KL->pi e nu form factor and phase space integral.
Compared to the previous KTeV result, the uncertainty in the new form factor
expansion is negligible and results in an overall uncertainty in the phase
space integral (IKe) that is a factor of two smaller: IKe = 0.15392 +- 0.00048
\.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRD Rapid Communicatio
Measurements of the Decay
The E799-II (KTeV) experiment at Fermilab has collected 83262 events above a background of 79 events. We measure a decay width,
normalized to the (\pi^0 \to \gamma\gamma, \pi^0 to
\gamma\gamma, \pi^0_D \to e^+e^-\gamma) decay width, of K_L \to
e^+e^-\gamma. We also measure parameters of two form factor models. In the Bergstrom, Masso, and Singer
(BMS) parametrization, we find \caks = -0.517 \pm 0.030_{stat} \pm
0.022_{syst}. We separately fit for the first parameter of the D'Ambrosio,
Isidori, and Portoles (DIP) model and find \adip = -1.729 \pm 0.043_{stat} \pm
0.028_{syst}.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PR
Heavy Flavor Hadrons in Statistical Hadronization of Strangeness-rich QGP
We study b, c quark hadronization from QGP. We obtain the yields of charm and
bottom flavored hadrons within the statistical hadronization model. The
important novel feature of this study is that we take into account the high
strangeness and entropy content of QGP, conserving strangeness and entropy
yields at hadronization.Comment: v2 expended: 20 pages, 23 figures, 5 tables, in press EPJ-
Determination of the Parity of the Neutral Pion via the Four-Electron Decay
We present a new determination of the parity of the neutral pion via the
double Dalitz decay pi^0 -> e+ e- e+ e-. Our sample, which consists of 30511
candidate decays, was collected from K_L -> pi0 pi0 pi0 decays in flight at the
KTeV-E799 experiment at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. We confirm the
negative pi^0 parity, and place a limit on scalar contributions to the pi^0 ->
e+ e- e+ e- decay amplitude of less than 3.3% assuming CPT conservation. The
pi^0 gamma* gamma* form factor is well described by a momentum-dependent model
with a slope parameter fit to the final state phase space distribution.
Additionally, we have measured the branching ratio of this mode to be B(pi^0 ->
e+ e- e+ e-) = (3.26 +- 0.18) x 10^(-5).Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Typographical error in radiative branching ratio
(Eq. 6) correcte
Dynamic critical behavior of the worm algorithm for the Ising model
We study the dynamic critical behavior of the worm algorithm for the two- and three-dimensional Ising models, by Monte Carlo simulation. The autocorrelation functions exhibit an unusual three-time-scale behavior. As a practical matter, the worm algorithm is slightly more efficient than Swendsen-Wang for simulating the two-point function of the three-dimensional Ising model
Search for the Rare Decays KL->pi0pi0mu+mu- and KL->pi0pi0X0->pi0pi0mu+mu-
The KTeV E799 experiment has conducted a search for the rare decays
KL->pi0pi0mu+mu- and KL->pi0pi0X0->pi0pi0mu+mu-, where the X0 is a possible new
neutral boson that was reported by the HyperCP experiment with a mass of (214.3
pm 0.5) MeV/c^{2}. We find no evidence for either decay. We obtain upper limits
of Br(KL->pi0pi0X0->pi0pi0mu+mu-) pi0pi0mu+mu-) <
9.2 x 10^{-11} at the 90% confidence level. This result rules out the
pseudoscalar X0 as an explanation of the HyperCP result under the scenario that
the \bar{d}sX0 coupling is completely real
Detailed Study of the KL -> 3pi0 Dalitz Plot
Using a sample of 68 million KL -> 3pi0 decays collected in 1996-1999 by the
KTeV (E832) experiment at Fermilab, we present a detailed study of the KL ->
3pi0 Dalitz plot density. We report the first observation of interference from
KL->pi+pi-pi0 decays in which pi+pi- rescatters to 2pi0 in a final-state
interaction. This rescattering effect is described by the Cabibbo-Isidori
model, and it depends on the difference in pion scattering lengths between the
isospin I=0 and I=2 states, a0-a2. Using the Cabibbo-Isidori model, we present
the first measurement of the KL-> 3pi0 quadratic slope parameter that accounts
for the rescattering effect.Comment: accepted by Phys. Rev
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