Undular bore theory for the modified Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation

We consider nonlinear wave structures described by the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation with taking into account a small Burgers viscosity for the case of step-like initial conditions. The Whitham modulation equations are derived which include the small viscosity as a perturbation. It is shown that for long enough time of evolution this small perturbation leads to stabilization of cnoidal bores and their main characteristics are obtained. Applicability conditions of this approach are discussed. Analytical theory is compared with numerical solutions and good agreement is found.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Qualidade biológica do solo após adição de pó de balão e cultivo com eucalipto: I- Atividade de fosfatase ácida e alcalina.

Siderúrgicas não-integradas a carvão vegetal apresentam elevado potencial poluidor, em razão das significativas quantidades de subprodutos geradas. Dentre estes, o resíduo sólido retirado do coletor de gases do alto forno, conhecido como pó de balão ou charcok, classificado como perigoso, tem sido recomendado para incorporação no cultivo de eucalipto, na dosagem máxima de 50 t ha-1. Entretanto, ainda são incipientes as informações a respeito do impacto desse uso sobre a qualidade do solo. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a qualidade biológica do solo após adição de pó de balão e cultivo com eucalipto, através da atividade da fosfatase ácida e alcalina, como bioindicadores. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de cinco doses de pó de balão, equivalentes a 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 t ha-1, na presença de adubação e de um tratamento com aplicação de 50 t ha-1, sem adubação. As amostras analisadas foram coletadas após 60 dias de cultivo das plantas de Eucalyptus urograndis. Os resultados obtidos não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos testados, independente das enzimas e das doses testadas de pó de balão. Concluiu-se que a qualidade biológica, determinada pelas enzimas envolvidas na ciclagem de fósforo no solo, não é afetada com a aplicação de pó de balão em dose de até o dobro da recomendada

MOTIM – An Industrial Application Using NOCs

High-speed networks used to interconnect computers advance at an extraordinary pace, driven by the evolution of several contributing technologies. Due to the ever-increasing complexity of designing parts and equipments for these networks, design complexity management makes scalability and reusability more important issues than performance, in most cases. This paper describes MOTIM, a scalable and reusable architecture enabling the implementation of Ethernet switches with low latency and high throughput. The architecture is built around a network-on-chip-based switch fabric, which guarantees scalability. The architecture has been validated by functional simulation and prototyped in FPGAs. The experimental results show that even under severe traffic conditions the architecture achieves packet transmission with low latencies. Categories and Subject Descriptor

Challenges and lessons from a primary care intervention in a Brazilian municipality

OBJECTIVE: To address the implementation of the Lab for Innovation in Chronic Conditions in Santo Antonio do Monte, indicating the main challenges and lessons of a new chronic condition model. METHODS: This is an observational study based on two sources of data: 1) two cross-sectional household surveys, 2013 (2012 as reference year) and 2015 (2014 as reference year), representative for the entire population and four target groups (pregnant women; children under two years old; individuals with hypertension and diabetes); medical records of individuals who self-reported having hypertension or diabetes in the household survey of 2013. A descriptive statistics analysis was performed. RESULTS: The main findings showed that the public health system is the main provider of health services, mainly primary care, in Santo Antonio do Monte. Besides, the implementation of Lab for Innovation in Chronic Conditions showed the importance of building a Primary Health Care network in small municipalities. CONCLUSIONS: Community health agents and health managers played a fundamental role in the Primary Health Care network. The case study of Santo Antonio do Monte poses some challenges and lessons that clarify future interventions on building a Primary Health Care network that is essential to provide an adequate and longitudinal care to chronic conditions

Selection of efficient rhizobial symbionts for Cratylia argentea in the cerrado biome.

ABSTRACT: Cratylia argentea is a leguminous shrub native to the cerrado, which has great potential for forage production and recovery of degraded areas. This study aimed to isolate, characterize, and select efficient rhizobial strains in symbiosis with Cratylia argentea . Rhizobacteria were isolated from the nodules of 12-month-old plants and cultivated in pots containing cerrado soil. Twenty-five bacterial strains were obtained, which displayed extensive variability with respect to morphological and symbiotic characteristics. Cratylia argentea seeds were planted in pots containing 5kg of cerrado soil and maintained in the greenhouse. The treatments consisted of 25 rhizobial isolates, two controls (without nitrogen and without inoculation), with or without nitrogen fertilization (5mgN·plant-1·week-1), and four replications. Plants were cultivated for 150 days after planting seeds to evaluate nodule number, nodule dry weight, shoot and root dry weight, shoot and root N content, and relative and symbiotic efficiency. Thirteen isolates improved shoot dry weight (up to 65.8%) and shoot nitrogen concentration (up to 76%) compared with those of control treatments. Two isolates, 4 (CR42) and 22 (CR52), conferred higher symbiotic efficiency values of approximately 20%. Therefore, these two rhizobial isolates displayed the highest potential as beneficial inoculants to optimize the symbiotic efficiency for Cratylia and to increase the incorporation of nutrients and biomass into the productive system in the cerrado. RESUMO: Cratylia argentea é uma leguminosa arbustiva nativa do cerrado, com alto potencial para produção de forragem e recuperação de áreas degradadas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo isolar, caracterizar e selecionar estirpes de rizóbios eficientes na simbiose com C. argentea. As bactérias foram isoladas de nódulos de plantas com 12 meses de idade, cultivadas em solo de cerrado, em vasos. Foram obtidas 25 estirpes, que apresentaram alta variabilidade em relação às características morfológicas e simbióticas. Sementes de C. argentea foram plantadas em potes contendo 5kg de solo de cerrado, e mantidos em casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos consistiram em 25 isolados, controle (sem N e sem inoculação) e adubação nitrogenada (5mgN·planta-1·semana-1), em quatro repetições. As plantas foram colhidas 150 dias após o plantio para avaliar o número e a massa seca de nódulos, a massa seca e concentração de nitrogênio da parte área e das raízes. Foram calculadas as eficiências relativas e simbióticas. Treze estirpes se destacaram quanto ao acúmulo de massa seca (até 65,8%) e acúmulo de nitrogênio (até 76%), da parte aérea, em relação ao tratamento controle. Dentre estas, as estirpes 4 e 22 apresentaram maiores eficiências simbióticas (em torno de 20%). Portanto, estas estirpes apresentaram potencial para formulação de inoculantes, visando otimizar o processo simbiótico rizóbio-Cratylia e a incorporação de biomassa e nutrientes em sistema produtivos no cerrado