Systemic and Extraradicular Bacterial Translocation in Apical Periodontitis

Indexación ScopusApical periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of microbial etiology. It has been suggested that endodontic bacterial DNA might translocate to distant organs via blood vessels, but no studies have been conducted. We aimed first to explore overall extraradicular infection, as well as specifically by Porphyromonas spp; and their potential to translocate from infected root canals to blood through peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In this cross-sectional study, healthy individuals with and without a diagnosis of apical periodontitis with an associated apical lesion of endodontic origin (both, symptomatic and asymptomatic) were included. Apical lesions (N=64) were collected from volunteers with an indication of tooth extraction. Intracanal samples (N=39) and respective peripheral blood mononuclear cells from apical periodontitis (n=14) individuals with an indication of endodontic treatment, as well as from healthy individuals (n=14) were collected. The detection frequencies and loads (DNA copies/mg or DNA copies/μL) of total bacteria, Porphyromonas endodontalis and Porphyromonas gingivalis were measured by qPCR. In apical lesions, the detection frequencies (%) and median bacterial loads (DNA copies/mg) respectively were 70.8% and 4521.6 for total bacteria; 21.5% and 1789.7 for Porphyromonas endodontalis; and 18.4% and 1493.9 for Porphyromonas gingivalis. In intracanal exudates, the detection frequencies and median bacterial loads respectively were 100% and 21089.2 (DNA copies/μL) for total bacteria, 41% and 8263.9 for Porphyromonas endodontalis; and 20.5%, median 12538.9 for Porphyromonas gingivalis. Finally, bacteria were detected in all samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells including apical periodontitis and healthy groups, though total bacterial loads (median DNA copies/μL) were significantly higher in apical periodontitis (953.6) compared to controls (300.7), p0.05; Porphyromonas gingivalis was not detected. Bacteria and specifically Porphyromonas spp. were frequently detected in endodontic canals and apical lesions. Also, total bacteria and Porphyromonas endodontalis DNA were detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, supporting their plausible role in bacterial systemic translocation. © Copyright © 2021 Bordagaray, Fernández, Garrido, Astorga, Hoare and Hernández.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.649925/ful

Conservación de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico mediante tecnologías de biomateriales nano y microestructurados

El presente proyecto intentó reunir conocimientos científicos que permitan el desarrollo de tecnologías basadas en biomateriales para preservar la calidad e inocuidad de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico de la región de Entre Ríos, por ejemplo, nuez pecán. Dichas tecnologías implicaron la obtención de nano y microestructuras capaces de vehiculizar compuestos bioactivos provenientes de aceites esenciales y su incorporación en matrices alimenticias por espolvoreo. Los objetivos específicos que se plantearon fueron los siguientes: Obtención de nano y microestructuras biopoliméricas. Caracterización y obtención de polvos de nano y microestructuras biopoliméricas. Evaluación del impacto de la aplicación de nano y microestructuras por espolvoreo sobre la oxidación lipídica de nuez pecán.      El conocimiento adquirido podria promover el desarrollo de tecnologías innovadoras para la conservación de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico y su extensión para la conservación de otros alimentos. Al mismo tiempo, se espera favorecer al sector agroindustrial implicado mediante la valorización de sus productos y su empleo en aplicaciones de creciente interés a nivel nacional e internacional.                                                                                                                                                                  ARK/CAICYT: http://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s22504559/vwu2gmaf

Conservación de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico mediante tecnologías de biomateriales nano y microestructurados

El presente proyecto intentó reunir conocimientos científicos que permitan el desarrollo de tecnologías basadas en biomateriales para preservar la calidad e inocuidad de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico de la región de Entre Ríos, por ejemplo, nuez pecán. Dichas tecnologías implicaron la obtención de nano y microestructuras capaces de vehiculizar compuestos bioactivos provenientes de aceites esenciales y su incorporación en matrices alimenticias por espolvoreo. Los objetivos específicos que se plantearon fueron los siguientes: Obtención de nano y microestructuras biopoliméricas. Caracterización y obtención de polvos de nano y microestructuras biopoliméricas. Evaluación del impacto de la aplicación de nano y microestructuras por espolvoreo sobre la oxidación lipídica de nuez pecán.      El conocimiento adquirido podria promover el desarrollo de tecnologías innovadoras para la conservación de alimentos orgánicos de alto contenido lipídico y su extensión para la conservación de otros alimentos. Al mismo tiempo, se espera favorecer al sector agroindustrial implicado mediante la valorización de sus productos y su empleo en aplicaciones de creciente interés a nivel nacional e internacional.                                                                                                                                                                  ARK/CAICYT: http://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s22504559/vwu2gmaf

Towards a decision-support procedure to foster stakeholder involvement and acceptability of urban freight transport policies

Abstract Purpose This paper addresses the complex problem of multi-stakeholder decisions in urban freight transport policy-making from a public authority perspective, by proposing a procedure based on a modelling approach to support stakeholder involvement in the decision-making process. The paper analyses the existing methods that can be used for participatory decision-support, with the intent of contextualizing and introducing the innovative modelling approach. Methods The modelling approach consists of a well-thought integration of discrete choice models (DCM) with agent-based models (ABM) as an effective way to account for stakeholders’ opinions in the policy-making process, while mimicking their interaction to find a shared policy package. The integrated modelling approach is able to combine the advantages of the two methods while overcoming their respective weaknesses. Since it is well grounded on sound microeconomic theory, it provides a detailed (static) stakeholders’ behavioural knowledge, but it is also capable of reproducing agents’ (dynamic) interaction during the decision-making process. The integration allows performing an ex-ante behavioural analysis, with the aim of testing the potential acceptability of the solutions proposed. The methodology is applied in a real case study to prove its feasibility and usefulness for participatory decision-making. Results The integrated modelling approach can be used for participatory decision-support and it can be casted in the overall UFT policy-making process. The results of the behavioural analysis, in terms of ranking of potentially accepted policies, linked with the technical evaluations from transport network modelling tools, provide a sound basis for active participation and deliberation with stakeholders and policy-makers. The aim is to guide an effective participation process aimed at consensus building among stakeholders, by proposing them a subset of policies that, as a result of a preliminary analysis, are likely to be accepted while performing well in terms of technical results. Conclusions This approach, integrating DCM and ABM, represents a promising way to tackle the complexity of multi-stakeholder involvement in UFT policy-making and to support an efficient and effective decision-making process. It produces an added value for UFT policy-making and it can be framed in the overall context of transport planning. In fact, together with technical and economic analyses, the stakeholder behavioural analysis proposed contributes to the ex-ante policy assessment needed to support decision-makers in taking well-thought decisions